Lower-grade glioma (LGG) is a common malignant primary tumour in the central nervous system, and most patients eventually develop highly aggressive gliomas despite comprehensive traditional treatment. Tumour molecular subtypes prognostic biomarkers play crucial role LGG diagnosis Therefore, identification of novel for predicting prognosis glioma. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) defined as regulated that sufficient to activate adaptive immune response immunocompetent hosts. The combination ICD...

Despite decades of studies, the currently available drugs largely fail to control neuropathic pain. Koumine—an alkaloidal constituent derived from medicinal plant Gelsemium elegans Benth.—has been shown possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties; however, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed investigate effects possible koumine. The koumine were explored by using chronic constriction injury sciatic nerve (CCI) pain model in vivo LPS-induced microglia BV2...

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) that prevents and alleviates the degenerative changes associated with aging has been receiving extensive attention. In our present work, ageing model was induced by injection of 500 mg kg-1D-galactose daily for a period eight weeks. The D-galactose-induced mice used evaluating effect GSPE on oxidative stress, inflammation levels gut microbiota composition. D-Galactose damage significant increase in malondialdehyde contents, myeloperoxidase...

To examine the effect of koumine, a Gelsemium alkaloid, on two experimental models rheumatoid arthritis (RA), rats with adjuvant-induced (AIA) and collagen-induced (CIA) were administered koumine (0.6, 3, or 15 mg/kg/day) vehicle through gastric gavage (i.g.). Clinical evaluation was performed via measurements hind paw volume, index (AI) score, mechanical withdrawal threshold, organ weight, by radiographic histological examinations. Levels interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,...

Gelsemium elegans BENTH and its crude extract are widely used to treat pain in China despite apparent toxicity. The analgesic effects of gelsenicine, an active component G. elegans, however, have not been reported. current study examined potential subcutaneously injected gelsenicine using acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced nociceptive behavior, thermal hyperalgesia caused by chronic constriction injury (CCI) mice. Gelsenicine produced dose-dependent both inflammatory neuropathic...

Diabetic neuropathy is characterized by progressive degeneration of nerve fibers associated with diabetes mellitus. Antidepressants and anticonvulsants are the mainstay pharmacological treatment, but often limited in effectiveness against core clinical feature pain. In current study, we examined potential effects koumine, a Gelsemium elegans BENTH alkaloid, using rat model diabetic neuropathy. Rats were administered intraperitoneally single dose streptozocin (60 mg/kg) to induce type 1...

Abstract Postoperative pain (POP) of various durations is a common complication surgical procedures. POP caused by nerve damage and inflammatory responses that are difficult to treat. The neuroinflammation-glia-steroid network known be important in POP. It has been reported the Gelsemium alkaloid koumine possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory neurosteroid modulating activities. This study was undertaken test analgesic effects against explore underlying pharmacologic mechanisms. Our results...

Koumine (KM), one of the primary constituents Gelsemium elegans, has been used for treatment inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, but whether KM impacts activation NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome remains unknown. This study aimed to explore inhibitory effect on NLRP3 and underlying mechanisms both in vitro using macrophages stimulated with LPS plus ATP, nigericin or monosodium urate (MSU) crystals vivo an MSU-induced peritonitis model. We found that...

Summary Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting and mediators of T cell immunity. Many investigators have explored potential using DCs as a vaccine for tumour-derived antigens in immunotherapy B malignancies, results been disappointing. To search better tumour to improve efficacy DC-based myeloma, we evaluated compared vaccination pulsed with idiotype (Id) or lysate 5TGM1 myeloma mouse model. Our showed that Id- lysate-pulsed DC vaccines protected mice efficiently...

Background Koumine is an alkaloid monomer found abundantly in Gelsemium plants. It has been shown to reverse thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia induced by sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, this effect mediated elevated allopregnanolone levels the spinal cord (SC). Since 3α-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase (3α-HSOR), key synthetase of allopregnanolone, responsible for upregulation SC, objective present study was investigate...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common and important chronic all over world. In present study, we found that koumine, main active ingredient isolated from Gelsemium elegans, has potential therapeutic effect on NAFLD rats by immunomodulatory activity. Koumine could significantly reduce level of TG, TC, LDL-C, ALT, AST in serum increase HDL-C, index, improve adipose-like lesions cells rats. Furthermore, treatment with koumine inhibited severity NAFLD. addition,...

As an important part of tumor immunotherapy for adjunct, therapeutic vaccines have been effective against multiple solid cancers, while their efficacy lower grade glioma (LGG) remains undefined. Immunophenotyping tumors is essential tool to evaluate the immune function patients with immunodeficiency or autoimmunity. Therefore, this study aims find potential antigen LGG and identify suitable population cancer vaccination based on landscape.The genomic clinical data 529 were obtained from...

Hypertension has become a significant global public health concern and is also one of the most common risk factors cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown promising result peptides inhibiting angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in lowering blood pressure both animal models humans. However, oral bioavailability continuous antihypertensive effectiveness require further optimization. Novel nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems are helpful to overcome these barriers. Therefore,...

Dysregulated activation of polyclonal B cells and production pathogenic antibodies are involved in the development rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, targeted cell therapy is effective against RA. Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. & Champ.) Benth., a toxic plant widely distributed Southeast Asia, has been used for treating pain, neuropathic spasticity, skin ulcers, cancers many years traditional Chinese medicine. Koumine, an alkaloid monomer from exerts therapeutic effects However, whether...

Background and Purpose New remedies are required for the treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) due to insufficient efficacy available therapies. Here, we used chemogenetic approaches combined with in vivo pharmacology elucidate role basolateral amygdala (BLA) astrocytes DNP pathogenesis provide new insights into therapeutic strategies DNP. Experimental Approach A streptozotocin‐induced model was established. Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) were...

Introduction: Koumine (KME) is the most abundant active ingredient separated from Gelsemium elegans Benth and exhibits a significant therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It lipophilic compound with poor aqueous solubility, there an urgent need to develop novel dosage forms of KME promote its clinical application for treatment RA. The aim this study was design KME-loaded microemulsions (KME-MEs) effective management Methods: composition microemulsion selected by carrying out...