A5000461255- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Climate variability and models
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Laser Design and Applications
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
- CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
The Open University
2016-2025
Hong Kong Metropolitan University
2020-2024
Ecosystem Sciences
2019
Australian National University
2016
National University of Singapore
2011
UCL Australia
2007
University of York
1994-1996
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics
1996
Université Paris Cité
1995-1996
Université Paris-Sud
1995-1996
Abstract. The responses of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other climate variables to an emission pulse CO2 into the atmosphere are often used compute Global Warming Potential (GWP) Temperature change (GTP), characterize response timescales Earth System models, build reduced-form models. In this cycle-climate model intercomparison project, which spans full hierarchy, we quantify pulses different magnitudes injected under conditions. shows known rapid decline in first few decades followed by a...
Individual processes shaping geographical patterns of biodiversity are increasingly understood, but their complex interactions on broad spatial and temporal scales remain beyond the reach analytical models traditional experiments. To meet this challenge, we built a spatially explicit, mechanistic simulation model implementing adaptation, range shifts, fragmentation, speciation, dispersal, competition, extinction, driven by modeled climates past 800,000 years in South America. Experimental...
Abstract This paper summarizes the results of an intercomparison project with Earth System Models Intermediate Complexity (EMICs) undertaken in support Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). The focus is long-term climate projections designed to 1) quantify change commitment different radiative forcing trajectories and 2) explore extent which reversible human time scales. All simulations follow four representative concentration pathways (RCPs) their...
Abstract. Both historical and idealized climate model experiments are performed with a variety of Earth system models intermediate complexity (EMICs) as part community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE continue through 2005. The standard include changes in forcing from solar luminosity, Earth's orbital configuration, CO2, additional greenhouse gases, land use, sulphate volcanic aerosols. In spite very...
Abstract. The Zero Emissions Commitment (ZEC) is the change in global mean temperature expected to occur following cessation of net CO2 emissions and as such a critical parameter for calculating remaining carbon budget. Model Intercomparison Project (ZECMIP) was established gain better understanding potential magnitude sign ZEC, addition processes that underlie this metric. A total 18 Earth system models both full intermediate complexity participated ZECMIP. All conducted an experiment where...
Abstract The distribution of ownership transition risk associated with stranded fossil-fuel assets remains poorly understood. We calculate that global as present value future lost profits in the upstream oil and gas sector exceed US$1 trillion under plausible changes expectations about effects climate policy. trace equity from 43,439 production through a network 1.8 million companies to their ultimate owners. Most market falls on private investors, overwhelmingly OECD countries, including...
The Energy-Water-Food Nexus is one of the most complex sustainability challenges faced by world. This particularly true in Brazil, where insufficiently understood interactions within are contributing to large-scale deforestation and land-use change, water energy scarcity, increased vulnerability climate change. reason a combination global environmental change economic putting unprecedented pressures on Brazilian environment ecosystems. In this paper, we identify discuss main Brazil across...
Abstract During the last glacial–interglacial cycle, Arctic biotas experienced substantial climatic changes, yet nature, extent and rate of their responses are not fully understood 1–8 . Here we report a large-scale environmental DNA metagenomic study ancient plant mammal communities, analysing 535 permafrost lake sediment samples from across spanning past 50,000 years. Furthermore, present 1,541 contemporary genome assemblies that were generated as reference sequences. Our provides several...
Abstract Enhanced weathering (EW) with agriculture uses crushed silicate rocks to drive carbon dioxide removal (CDR) 1,2 . If widely adopted on farmlands, it could help achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 2–4 Here we show, a detailed US state-specific cycle analysis constrained resource provision, that EW deployed agricultural land sequester 0.16–0.30 GtCO 2 yr −1 2050, rising 0.25–0.49 2070. Geochemical assessment of rivers and oceans suggests effective transport dissolved products from...
A high degree of consensus exists in the climate sciences over role that human interference with atmosphere is playing changing climate. Following Paris Agreement, a similar policy community urgency solutions to problem. The context for thus moving from agenda setting, which has now been mostly established, impact assessment, we identify pathways implement Agreement. Most integrated assessment models currently used address economic and technical feasibility avoiding change are based on...
This paper presents an analysis of climate policy instruments for the decarbonisation global electricity sector in a non-equilibrium economic and technology diffusion perspective. Energy markets are driven by innovation, path-dependent choices diffusion. However, conventional optimisation models lack detail on these aspects have limited ability to address effectiveness interventions because they do not represent decision-making. As result, known effects lock-ins liable be underestimated. In...
Abstract Enhanced Rock Weathering is a proposed Carbon Dioxide Removal technology involving the application of crushed silicate rocks, such as basalt, to agricultural soils with potential co-benefits for crops and soils, mitigation ocean acidification. Here we address requirement diverse stakeholders informative studies quantifying possible environmental health risks Weathering. Using life-cycle assessment modelling supply chain impacts twelve nations undertaking deployment deliver up net 2...
Abstract. The responses of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other climate variables to an emission pulse CO2 into the atmosphere are often used compute Global Warming Potential (GWP) Temperature change (GTP), characterize response time scales Earth System models, build reduced-form models. In this cycle-climate model intercomparison project, which spans full hierarchy, we quantify pulses different magnitudes injected under conditions. shows known rapid decline in first few decades followed by a...
Asian Monsoon rainfall supports the livelihood of billions people, yet relative importance different drivers remains an issue great debate. Here, we present 30 million-year model-based reconstructions Indian summer monsoon and South East at millennial resolution. We show that precession is dominant direct driver orbital variability, although variability on obliquity timescales driven through ice sheets. Orographic development dominated evolution monsoon, but involved a complex mix...
Anthropogenically elevated CO2 (eCO2) concentrations have been suggested to increase woody cover within tropical ecosystems through fertilization. The effect of eCO2 is built into Earth system models, although testing the relationship over long periods remains challenging. Here, we explore relative importance six drivers vegetation change in western Africa past ~500,000 years (moisture availability, fire activity, mammalian herbivore density, temperature, temperature seasonality, CO2) by...
Abstract. Ice core evidence indicates that even though atmospheric CO2 concentrations did not exceed ~300 ppm at any point during the last 800 000 years, East Antarctica was least ~3–4 °C warmer than preindustrial (CO2~280 ppm) in each of four interglacials. During previous three interglacials, this anomalous warming short lived (~3000 years) and apparently occurred before completion Northern Hemisphere deglaciation. Hereafter, we refer to these periods as "Warmer Present Transients" (WPTs)....