A5073985350- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Vanderbilt University
2020-2024
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
2023-2024
Abstract Mitochondria are required for energy production and even give brown adipose tissue (BAT) its characteristic color due to their high iron content abundance. The physiological function bioenergetic capacity of mitochondria connected the structure, folding, organization inner‐membrane cristae. During aging process, mitochondrial dysfunction is observed, regulatory balance dynamics often disrupted, leading increased fragmentation in cells. Therefore, it hypothesized that significant...
Elevations in pancreatic α-cell intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) lead to glucagon (GCG) secretion. Although glucose inhibits GCG secretion, how lactate and pyruvate control handling is unknown. Lactate enters cells through monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) also produced during glycolysis by dehydrogenase A (LDHA), an enzyme expressed α-cells. As activates ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels cardiomyocytes, may modulate KATP. Therefore, this study investigated signaling controls Mouse human islets...
Since the discovery of glucagon 100 years ago, hormone and pancreatic islet alpha cells that produce it have remained enigmatic relative to insulin-producing beta cells. Canonically, been described in context glucagon’s role glucose metabolism liver, with as primary nutrient signal regulating cell function. However, current data reveal a more holistic model metabolic signalling, involving glucagon-regulated multiple nutrients by liver other tissues, including amino acids lipids, providing...
Interrupting glucagon signaling decreases gluconeogenesis and the fractional extraction of amino acids by liver from blood resulting in lower glycemia. The hyperaminoacidemia stimulates α cell proliferation secretion via a liver-α axis. We hypothesized that cells detect respond to circulating levels unique acid transporter repertoire. found
Dysregulated glucagon secretion and inadequate functional beta cell mass are hallmark features of diabetes. While receptor (GCGR) antagonism ameliorates hyperglycemia elicits regeneration in pre-clinical models diabetes, it also promotes alpha delta hyperplasia. We sought to investigate the mechanism by which loss action impacts pancreatic islet non-alpha cells, relevance these observations a human context.
Mitochondria are required for energy production and even give brown adipose tissue (BAT) its characteristic color due to their high iron content abundance. The physiological function bioenergetic capacity of mitochondria connected the structure, folding, organization inner-membrane cristae. During aging process, mitochondrial dysfunction is observed, regulatory balance dynamics often disrupted, leading increased fragmentation in cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that significant...
Abstract Disclosure: J.E. Stanley: None. A. Reuter: K. Sellick: A.D. Attie: M.P. Keller: E. Dean: Glucagon secreted from pancreatic islet α cells stimulates both hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis resulting in the fractional extraction of amino acids blood. Thus, glucagon glucose output raises blood glucose. When liver signaling is impaired, acid accumulation (hyperaminoacidemia) promotes subsequent cell hyperplasia hyperglucagonemia via this liver-α-cell axis, an endocrine feedback...
Aging The image representing article number 2300186 by Amber Crabtree, Zer Vue, Antentor Hinton Jr., and co-workers depicts 3D reconstruction of folds the inner mitochondrial membrane, known as cristae. team elucidate how cristae spatial organization morphology are altered across aging process in brown adipose tissue.
ABSTRACT Objective Dysregulated glucagon secretion and inadequate functional beta cell mass are hallmark features of diabetes. While receptor (GCGR) antagonism ameliorates hyperglycemia elicits regeneration in pre-clinical models diabetes, it also promotes alpha delta hyperplasia. We sought to investigate the mechanism by which loss action impacts pancreatic islet non-alpha cells, relevance these observations a human context. Methods used zebrafish, rodents, transplanted islets comprising...
Abstract Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver resulting increased hepatic glucose output. Thus, interrupting glucagon signaling reduces blood levels animal models individuals with diabetes. However, also leads to hyperaminoacidemia proliferation of secreting alpha cells, evidence an endocrine liver-alpha cell axis. Among the high amino acids, we previously identified glutamine are required for proliferation. We recently found that glutaminase (GLS) is expressed...