A5016189231- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Machine Learning in Healthcare
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Airway Management and Intubation Techniques
- Anesthesia and Pain Management
- Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Diet and metabolism studies
Washington University in St. Louis
2015-2025
St. Louis Children's Hospital
2016-2022
Duke University
2019
Wireless, battery-free optoelectronic systems enable localized tissue oximetry in tether-free, awake animal models.
Background: A number of prostaglandins (PGs) sensitize dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and contribute to inflammatory hyperalgesia by signaling through specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). One mechanism whereby PGs these is modulation “thermoTRPs,” a subset ion channels activated temperature belonging the Transient Receptor Potential channel superfamily. Acrid, electrophilic chemicals including cinnamaldehyde (CA) allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), derivatives cinnamon mustard oil...
The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) has been identified as a site nociceptive processing important for sensitization induced by peripheral injury. However, cellular signaling components underlying this function remain unknown. Here, we identify metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) an integral component in CeA. Pharmacological activation mGluRs with (R,S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) CeA mice is sufficient to induce hypersensitivity absence DHPG-induced reduced via...
Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) has been demonstrated to play a role in the modulation of numerous nociceptive modalities. When administered via peripheral, intrathecal, or systemic routes, mGlu5 antagonists have analgesic properties variety preclinical pain models. Despite wealth data supporting use treat pain, studies limited animal models due lack that are approved for humans. It previously fenobam...
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) couple to the inhibitory G-protein Gi. The group mGluRs include two subtypes, mGlu2 and mGlu3, their pharmacological activation produces analgesic effects in inflammatory neuropathic pain states. However, specific contribution of each one subtypes has not been clarified due lack selective orthosteric ligands that can discriminate between mGlu3 subtypes. In this study we used or knock-out mice dissect role for these endogenous control...
Introduction: Heat/capsaicin skin sensitization is a well-characterized human experimental model to induce hyperalgesia and allodynia. Using this model, gabapentin, among other drugs, was shown significantly reduce cutaneous compared placebo. Since the larger thermal probes used in original studies produce heat are now commercially unavailable, we decided assess whether previous findings could be replicated with currently available smaller probe (heated area 9 cm 2 versus 12.5–15.7 ). Study...
Abstract Many GABAergic drugs are in clinical use as anesthetics, sedatives, or anxiolytics. We have investigated the actions of combinations neuroactive steroid 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnane-11,20-dione (alfaxalone) with intravenous anesthetic propofol benzodiazepine diazepam. The goal study was to determine whether coapplication alfaxalone reduces effective doses and concentrations Behavioral effects alfaxalone, propofol, diazepam, were evaluated during a 30-min activity test mice. Functional...
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) affects 2%-4% of the general pediatric population. While surgical correction remains one most common orthopedic procedures performed in pediatrics, limited consensus exists on perioperative anesthetic management.
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 noncompetitive antagonist fenobam is analgesic in rodents. Future development of as an humans will require a favorable long-term treatment profile and lack significant deleterious side effects. This study aimed to determine whether tolerance fenobam's effects developed over 14 days assess for mice.
Abstract Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic Article Tells Us That Is New Background Opioids are a mainstay of perioperative analgesia. Opioid use in children with obstructive sleep apnea is challenging because assumptions for increased opioid sensitivity and assumed risk opioid-induced respiratory depression compared to without apnea. These have not been rigorously tested. investigation tested the hypothesis that an pharmacodynamic miotic depressant effects prototypic...
Abstract Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) has been shown to modulate nociception in animals, but no mGlu5 antagonists have developed commercially as analgesics. The antagonist fenobam [N-(3-chlorophenyl)-N′-(4,5-dihydro-1-methyl-4-oxo-1H-imidazole-2-yl)urea] was originally evaluated for development a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic. Fenobam is analgesic numerous mouse pain models, acting exclusively through blockade. Furthermore, showed signs of tolerance with up 2 weeks daily dosing...
Opioid overdose accounts for nearly 75,000 deaths per year in the United States, now a leading cause of mortality among young people aged 18 to 45 years. At levels, opioid-induced respiratory depression becomes fatal without administration naloxone within minutes. Currently, survival relies on bystander intervention, requiring nearby person find overdosed individual and have immediate access administer. To circumvent requirement, we developed Naloximeter: class life-saving implantable...
Methadone metabolism and clearance are determined principally by polymorphic cytochrome P4502B6 (CYP2B6). Some CYP2B6 allelic variants affect methadone in vitro disposition vivo. We assessed minor vitro. also the influence of variants, P450 oxidoreductase (POR) CYP2C19 on surgical patients
Mechanical ventilators are essential to patients who become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and shortages have been reported due the novel severe coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).We utilized 3D printing (3DP) technology rapidly prototype test critical components for a ventilator multiplexer system, Vent-Lock, split one or anesthesia gas machine between two patients. FloRest, 3DP flow restrictor, provides clinicians control of tidal volumes positive end expiratory...
Addressing protection of patients, providers, and equipment from viral contamination in the evolving coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may prove critical for continued safe delivery anesthesia care. The addition filters to respiratory circuits is recommended by American Society Anesthesiologists (Schaumburg, Illinois).1Our group recently directed that Pall particulate (Ultipor 25, Medical, USA) be placed on Wye-connector each breathing circuit at our pediatric hospital. On first...
Abstract Regional anesthesia between the pectoralis major and minor was first described in 2011 as an alternative method to paravertebral blocks or epidurals for post‐operative mastectomies. Since then, use of pectoral nerve (PECS) pain management following thoracotomy, sternotomy, other procedures anterior thorax has increased. While experience with this block is growing, current understanding its pediatric patients limited. We reviewed cases at a single institution provide descriptive...
Opioid overdose accounts for nearly 75,000 deaths per year in the United States, representing a leading cause of mortality amongst prime working age population (25-54 years). At levels, opioid-induced respiratory depression becomes fatal without timely administration rescue drug naloxone. Currently, survival relies entirely on bystander intervention, requiring nearby person to discover and identify overdosed individual, have immediate access naloxone administer. Government efforts focused...
1. Linuron (N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea) metabolism and kinetic behaviour were investigated after oral i.v. administration to six New Zealand White female rabbits.2. After dosage, linuron distributes quickly widely peripheral tissues its is rapidly eliminated; rapid absorption was also observed of the herbicide which undergoes extensive first pass in liver.3. The major metabolites obtained from both vivo (serum samples) vitro (microsomal fractions incubated with linuron)...
Introduction: The relative power of slow-delta oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG), termed slow-wave activity (SWA), correlates with level unconsciousness. Acoustic enhancement SWA has been reported for sleep states, but it remains unknown if pharmacologically induced can be enhanced using sound. Dexmedetomidine is a sedative whose EEG resemble those natural sleep. This pilot study was designed to investigate whether closed-loop acoustic stimulation during sedation (CLASS)...
We present an end-to-end model using streaming physiological time series to predict near-term risk for hypoxemia, a rare, but life-threatening condition known cause serious patient harm during surgery. Inspired by the fact that hypoxemia event is defined based on future sequence of low SpO2 (i.e., blood oxygen saturation) instances, we propose hybrid inference network (hiNet) makes both instances and outcomes. hiNet integrates 1) joint autoencoder simultaneously optimizes discriminative...