Abstract Bioelectronic interfaces have been extensively investigated in recent years and advances technology derived from these tools, such as soft ultrathin sensors, now offer the opportunity to interface with parts of body that were largely unexplored due lack suitable tools. The musculoskeletal system is an understudied area where new technologies can result advanced capabilities. Bones a sensor stimulation location tremendous advantages for chronic biointerfaces because devices be...

Background: Delayed bone healing is common in orthopaedic clinical care. Agents that alter cell function to enhance would change treatment paradigms. 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug shown improve walking patients with chronic neurological disorders. We recently showed 4-AP’s positive effects the setting of nerve, wound, even combined multi-tissue limb injury. Here, we directly investigated 4-AP on fracture healing, where differentiation...

A prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of upper gastrointestinal disease in 85 chronic renal failure (CRF) patients on hemodialysis. Upper x-rays were obtained for 83 patients, and enlarged gastric duodenal folds seen 12% (10/83) 42% (35/83) cases, respectively. Panendoscopy performed 60 persons revealed gastritis 22% (13/60), nodular duodenitis 60% (35/ 60), esophagitis 13% (8/60). No peptic ulcers identified either radiologically or endoscopically. Pathologic...

The propensity for breast cancer to metastasize bone is coupled the most common complaint among patients: pain. Classically, this type of pain treated using escalating doses opioids, which lack long-term efficacy due analgesic tolerance, opioid-induced hypersensitivity, and have recently been linked enhanced loss. To date, molecular mechanisms underlying these adverse effects not fully explored. Using an immunocompetent murine model metastatic cancer, we demonstrated that sustained morphine...

Current surgical treatments for segmental bone loss do not reliably result in healing, typically necessitate multiple surgeries, and may amputation. Although we have demonstrated that polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) scaffolds can regenerate large critical size defects, the material is non-resorbable lead to problems including acting as a nidus infection. New strategies emerged use resorbable polymers, ceramics, composite materials produce patient specific stimulate rapid formation without...

To describe a method of suture augmentation locking plate fixation (PF) proximal olecranon fractures and to evaluate the biomechanical effectiveness using human cadaveric model.Six matched pairs elbows were used. Proximal one-third simulated via transverse osteotomy. Identical PF was performed on each elbow plates. One pair assigned construct. The choice left/right specimen for in an alternating fashion. Augmentation no. 2 ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene-braided attaching triceps...

Abstract Currently, spine fusion is determined using radiography and clinical evaluation. There are discrepancies between radiographic evidence direct measurements of fusion, such as operative exploration biomechanical or histological measurements. In order to facilitate the rapid return patients normal activities, a monitoring technique accurately detect in vivo prevent overload during postoperative period would be useful. The objectives this study were develop an implantable system...

Abstract There has been recent interest in treating large bone defects with polymer scaffolds because current modalities such as autographs and allographs have limitations. Additionally, are utilized tissue engineering applications to implant anchor tissues place, promoting integration surrounding native tissue. In both applications, rapid increased growth is crucial the success of implant. Recent studies shown that mimicking morphology leads osteoblastic phenotype more mineralization. The...

Abstract No technique has been consistently successful in the repair of large focal defects cartilage, particularly older patients. Tissue‐engineered cartilage grown on synthetic scaffolds with appropriate mechanical properties will provide an implant, which could be used to treat this problem. A means monitoring loads and pressures acting at defect site, information needed understand integration survival engineered tissues. It also a evaluating rehabilitation protocols. “sensate” scaffold...

Introduction: HIV-infected individuals have evidence of intestinal microbial translocation which is associated with immune activation and unfavorable clinical outcomes. Rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic reduces in other disease states, was shown to marginal beneficial effect on translocation, T-cell activation, inflammation multisite randomized trial (ACTG A5286; NCT01466595) persons poor immunologic recovery receiving ART. Here, we report analysis the rectal microbiome changes that...

Abstract Porous polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) scaffold systems were tested as orthopedic implants to determine whether these scaffolds could be used detect strain transfer following bone growth into the scaffold. Three types of tested: porous PBT scaffolds, with a thin β‐tricalcium phosphate coating (LC‐PBT), and TCP vacuum packed pores (VI‐PBT). In addition, effect applying TGF‐β1 an enhancement was examined. The placed onto femora rats left in vivo for 4 months. amount ingrowth through...

Abstract Polymer scaffolds have been used as a tool to provide growth and integration of engineered tissue substrates repair damaged tissues in many organ systems including articular cartilage. Previous work has shown that “sensate” scaffolds, with integrated strain gauges the potential for use both delivery vehicle cartilage well device can measure real time, vivo joint loading. The purpose this study was an implanted subminiature telemetry system collect loading measurements over extended...

There has been recent interest in utilizing calcium phosphates (CaPs) that set situ for treating bone defects due to the limitations associated with morselized autografts and allografts. However, CaP cements have long setting times, poor mechanical properties, osteoinductivity. This prompted research toward finding a nonprotein-based compound, such as chitosan, accelerate times increase The purpose of this study was compare growth rates during early healing response achieved using...

The use of “sensate” scaffolds covered with tissue-engineered cartilage has emerged as a possible treatment option for focal articular defects. ability to monitor joint loading provides several benefits that can be useful in both clinical and research situations. Previous studies have shown these accurately vivo during various activities. However, the effect an layer or soft tissue overgrowth on scaffold sensitivity not been tested. Eight were tested samples taken from four hounds. Three...

Rotational transitions for methylferrocene were measured, in the 4–12 GHz range, using a Flygare–Balle type, pulsed-beam Fourier transform spectrometer. Mono-substituted ferrocenes are nearprolate asymmetric tops with and b dipole moment components, providing numerous possible this frequency range. Eighteen rotational constants calculated from data six isotopomers. 59 measured normal isotopomer, much smaller sets obtained Fe54, four C13 Despite small Fe54 transitions, good fits standard...

With the proven efficacy of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to treat open tibial fractures and promote spine fusion, there has been an increase in its off-label use. Recent studies have shown that BMPs play a role nerve development regeneration. Little is known about changes result when rhBMP-2 used vicinity peripheral nerves. The purpose this study characterize nerves following exposure rhBMP-2-soaked collagen sponges.rhBMP-2 on absorbable sponge (ACS) was implanted...

Abstract Treatment of cartilage defects is essential to the prevention osteoarthritis. Scaffold‐based tissue engineering shows promise as a viable technique treat focal defects. Added functionality can be achieved by incorporating strain gauges into scaffolds, thereby providing real‐time diagnostic measurement joint loading. Strain‐gauged scaffolds were placed medial femoral condyles 14 adult canine knees and benchtop tested. Loads between 75 130 N applied stifle joints at 30°, 50°, 70°...

Case: Although recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is approved for treatment of open tibial fractures and anterior lumbar interbody fusion, off-label use has been associated with complications such as local inflammation, osteolysis, dysphagia. This case report describes a patient treated rhBMP-2 an atrophic delayed union clavicular fracture who subsequently developed profound motor sensory brachial plexopathy. Conclusion: Use near peripheral nerves may cause neuropathy....

Background:There are numerous animal models available to study bone healing as well test strategies accelerate formation. Sheep commonly used for evaluation of long fractures due similar dimensions and weight bearing environments compared patients. Large critical-size defects can be created in sheep facilitate the implantable materials, osteogenic proteins, stem cell treatments. Studies have been published using plates stabilize large critical size femoral, tibial, metatarsal defects....

Abstract To develop implantable, engineered, cartilage constructs supported by a scaffold, techniques to encourage rapid tissue growth into, and on the scaffold are essential. Preliminary studies indicated that human endothelial cells proliferated at different rates calcium phosphate ceramic (CPC) particles. Judicious selection of particles may specific cell proliferation, leading an ordered tissues for angiogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis. The goal this study was identify CPC surfaces...