A5101888099- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Multisensory perception and integration
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Action Observation and Synchronization
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
National Institutes of Health
2001-2024
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
2017-2024
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
2002-2019
Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine
2015-2019
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
2016-2019
Duke University
2019
Children's National
2001-2003
University of Pittsburgh
1999
Previous studies showed that neurons in the monkey premotor cortex became active when performing a particular action and also observing same performed by others. These findings suggest mirror system for observation. Recently, bimodal neurons, sensitive both to visual tactile stimulation, were reported parietal cortex, suggesting potential neuron experiencing stimulation. Subsequently, observed touch has been suggested. The current study was designed determine whether activation of sensory...
The computation of speech codes (i.e. phonology) is an important aspect word reading. Understanding the neural systems and mech- anisms underlying phonological processes provides a foundation for investigation language in brain. We used high-resolution three-dimensional positron emission tomography (PET) to investigate essential processes. burden activities on was maximized by three rhyming tasks (rhyming words, pseudowords words printed mixed letter cases). Brain activation patterns...
The human brain undergoes rapid development during the first years of life. Beginning in utero, a wide array biological, social, and environmental factors can have lasting impacts on structure function. To understand how prenatal early life experiences alter neurodevelopmental trajectories shape health outcomes, several NIH Institutes, Centers, Offices collaborated to support launch HEALthy Brain Child Development (HBCD) Study. HBCD Study is multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study,...
<b><i>Background:</i></b> fMRI allows mapping of neural networks underlying cognitive during development, but few studies have systematically examined children 7 and younger, in whom language may be more diffusely organized than adults. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To identify early reading consolidation young children. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The authors studied 16 normal, right-handed, native English-speaking with a mean age 7.2 years (range 5.8 to 7.9) paradigms adjusted for level. Data were...
<b><i>Background:</i></b> fMRI provides a noninvasive means of identifying the location and organization neural networks that underlie cognitive functions. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To identify, using fMRI, brain regions involved in processing written text children. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The authors studied nine normal right-handed native English-speaking children, aged 10.2 years (range 7.9 to 13.3 years), with two paradigms: reading Aesop's Fables "Read Response Naming" (reading...
<b>Objective: </b> To investigate the degree of language dominance in patients with left and right hemisphere seizure foci compared to normal volunteers using a fMRI reading comprehension task. <b>Methods: Fifty complex partial epilepsy, aged 8 56 years 33 volunteers, 7 34 had (1.5 T) neuropsychological testing. Participants silently named an object described by sentence visual control. Data were analyzed region interest (ROI) analysis based on t maps for inferior frontal gyrus (IFG),...
Background: Functional magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive method of assessing language dominance in pediatric population.Objective: To determine the pattern receptive lateralization healthy children.Design: We used functional to assess an auditory task 11 children (7 girls, 4 boys; mean age, 8.5 years).Participants alternately rested and listened descriptors nouns presented auditorily, naming object described silently.Asymmetry indices ([(left -right)/(left + right)]) were...
Performance of a unimanual motor task often induces involuntary mirror electromyographic (EMG) activity in the opposite, resting hand. In spite ubiquitous presence mirroring, little is known regarding underlying cortical contributions. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study brain regions activated association with parametric increases right isometric wrist flexion force (10%, 20%, 30%, and 70%) 12 healthy volunteers. During scanning, EMG was recorded bilaterally...
Abstract Previous work using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) demonstrated that the right presupplementary motor area (preSMA), a node in fronto‐basal‐ganglia network, is critical for response inhibition. However, TMS influences interconnected regions, raising possibility of link between preSMA activity and functional connectivity within network. To understand this relationship, we applied single‐pulse to during resonance imaging when subjects were at rest examine changes neural...
Response inhibition refers to the ability stop an on-going action quickly when it is no longer appropriate. Previous studies showed that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied with anode over right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC), a critical node of fronto-basal ganglia inhibitory network, improved response inhibition. However, tDCS effects on brain activity and network connectivity underlying this behavioral improvement are not known. This study aimed address rIFC functional...
Summary Objective Functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) activation of the mesial temporal lobe MTL may be important for epilepsy surgical planning. We examined and lateralization during language in children adults with focal epilepsy. Methods One hundred forty‐two controls patients left hemisphere (pediatric: epilepsy, n = 17, mean age 9.9 ± 2.0; controls, 48; 9.1 2.6; adult: 20, 26.7 5.8; 57, 26.2 7.5) underwent 3T using a task (auditory description decision task). Image processing...
Being able to focus on a complex task and inhibit unwanted actions or interfering information (i.e., inhibitory control) are essential human cognitive abilities. However, it remains unknown the extent which mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) may impact these critical functions. In this study, seventeen patients age-matched healthy controls (HC) performed variant of Stroop attention-demanding 4-choice response tasks (4CRT) with identical stimuli but two contexts: one required only routine...
Being able to stop (or inhibit) an action rapidly as in a stop-signal task (SST) is essential human ability. Previous studies showed that when pre-stimulus cue warned of the possible need response upcoming trial, participants' time (RT) increased if subsequent trial required "go" (i.e., RT cost) relative where this uncertainty was not present. This increase correlated with more efficient stopping. However, it remains question whether foreknowledge inhibition trials given prior sufficient...