BACKGROUND: Experimental evidence to disprove the belief that emergency contraception with levonorgestrel (LNG) prevents pregnancy by interfering post‐fertilization events is lacking. Here we determined effect of post‐coital and pre‐ovulatory administration LNG on fertility ovulation, respectively, in Cebus monkey. METHODS: To determine fertility, 0.75 mg or vehicle were administered orally s.c. once twice within first 24 h after mating occurring very close time ovulation. Females became...

The myogenic potential of bovine fetal MSC (bfMSC) derived from bone marrow (BM) remains unknown; despite its application for the study myogenesis and implications livestock production. In present study, three protocols in vitro differentiation bfMSC based on use DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza), myoblast-secreted factor Galectin-1 (Gal-1), myoblast culture medium SkGM-2 BulletKit were used. Plastic-adherent isolated BM collected abattoir-derived fetuses....

The present study evaluated the hypothesis that effects of hypoxia on sheep pregnancies at high altitude (HA) are mediated by oxidative stress and antioxidant vitamins may prevent these effects. Both HA native newcomer ewes were maintained an 3,589 m during mating pregnancy. Control low (LA) sea level. Half each group received daily oral supplements C (500 mg) E (350 IU) gestation. Near term, maternal plasma vitamin levels biomarkers measured. At delivery, lambs weighed measured, placentas...

At high altitudes, hypoxia, oxidative stress or both compromise sheep fertility. In the present work, we tested relative effect of short- long-term exposure to altitude hypobaric hypoxia and on corpora luteal structure function. The growth dynamics lutea during estrous cycle were studied daily by ultrasonography in cycling that either native naïve high-altitude conditions supplemented not with antioxidant vitamins. Arterial venous blood samples simultaneously drawn for determination gases...

Low birth weight has profound implications for perinatal mortality and morbidity in lambs, causing higher lower growth potential. weight, as a consequence of fetal restriction, occurs undernourished multiple pregnancies, where hypoxia oxidative stress could play critical role. Our aim was to establish the effects nutritional deprivation pregnancy rank on growth, oxygenation, status sheep pregnancies under extensive Patagonian conditions. At 30 days after mating, single- twin-bearing ewes...

In vitro gamete derivation has been proposed as an interesting strategy for treatment of infertility, improvement genetic traits, and conservation endangered animals. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are primary candidates in derivation; however, recently, mesenchymal (MSCs) have also germ cell (GCs) differentiation mainly due to their transdifferentiating capacity. The objective the present study was compare potential GC bovine peripheral blood-derived MSCs (PB-MSCs) SSCs under effect...

The present studies assessed the effect of hypobaric hypoxia on fetal lamb growth in high-altitude (HA) and low-altitude (LA) native ewes. Growth patterns biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal (AD) thorax height (TH) were described by consecutive ultrasound measurements throughout entire pregnancy. Three groups animals used: (1) pregnant LA ewes kept at (control; ‘LL’ group); (2) moved to HA immediately after confirmation pregnancy (‘LH’ (3) (‘HH’ group). slope BPD curve was higher LL fetuses...

Sheep pregnancy in high-altitude environments frequently involves hypoxia and oxidative stress causes intrauterine growth retardation. The adverse effects of altitude on fetal can be prevented by the administration antioxidant vitamins, but mechanisms responsible are not well known. maintenance a viable depends largely adequate placental steroidogenesis, especially last two-thirds pregnancy. Thus, present study we evaluated effect vitamins (C E) plasma concentrations progesterone...

Pregnancies at high-altitudes are influenced by hypoxia and oxidative stress frequently affected IUGR. However, a common thought is that early pregnant women visiting altitude have no major complications for gestation development, since IUGR developed during the second half of pregnancy. Thus, using well-characterized sheep-model, we aimed to determine whether long- and/or short-term exposure high-altitude may affect maternal steroidogenesis therefore embryo-fetal growth from conception. The...

Contents Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF‐9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP‐15) have pivotal roles in oocyte development many species, therefore the aim was to investigate these factors during vitro maturation (IVM) of canine oocytes. Canine cumulus oocytes complexes (COCs) were cultured six groups for 72 hr a supplemented TCM199‐Hepes medium as (a) Control group; (b) GDF‐9 antibody (Ab); (c) BMP‐15 Ab; (d) recombinant human (rh) GDF‐9; (e) rh or (f) GDF‐9. Data evaluated by...

Fetal hypoxia, resulting in oxidative stress pregnancies, contributes to reduced fetal growth. Melatonin, a potent antioxidant, has been associated with improved status. Maternal oral melatonin supplementation sheep from day 50 of gestation ameliorates the consequences growth restriction sheep. In rats, increases weight via placental efficiency and reduction stress. The objective this study was evaluate whether single (S)- or twin-bearing (T) ewes using either 0 (0MEL), 1 (18-mg MEL), 2...

Organoids are 3D-culture systems composed of tissue-specific primary cells that self-organize and self-renew, creating structures similar to those their tissue origin. Testicular organoids (TOs) may recreate conditions the testicular niche in domestic wild cattle; however, no previous TO studies have been reported bovine species. Thus, present study, we sought generate characterize TOs derived from cell populations including Leydig, Sertoli peritubular myoid cells. were isolated testes...

Abstract Few reports on the reproductive physiology of Cebus apella have been published. In this study we characterized menstrual cycle events by means vaginal cytology, ultrasonography (US), and hormonal measurements in serum during three consecutive cycles 10 females, assessed probability that ovulation would occur same ovary 18 females. The lengths phases were determined according to cytology. Taking first day endometrial bleeding as cycle, mean length ± SEM was 19.5±0.4 days, with...

Twinning and maternal nutritional restriction leads to fetal hypoxia, oxidative stress, intrauterine growth (IUGR) in near-term sheep pregnancies. Our aim was determine the effect of oral supplementation vitamins C E pregnant on umbilical cord blood concentrations effects antioxidant status, growth, placental efficiency. Sixteen single- sixteen twin-bearing ewes, grazing natural Patagonian prairies, were selected after transrectal ultrasound at day 30 mating. Half ewes from each pregnancy...