A5018500676- Gut microbiota and health
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Studies
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Nursing Roles and Practices
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Coal and Its By-products
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
University of Oregon
2019-2024
University of Oxford
2004-2021
University of Delaware
2016
University of Liverpool
2015
St. Thomas Hospital
1986-1987
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is a master transcriptional regulator of adipocyte differentiation and canonical target antidiabetic thiazolidinedione medications. In rare families, loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in PPARG are known to cosegregate with lipodystrophy insulin resistance; the general population, common P12A variant associated decreased risk type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether how variants defects influence T2D population remains undetermined. By sequencing...
Arsenic decreases rice yield, and inorganic grain As threatens human health; thus, strategies to decrease are critically needed. Increased plant-available silica (Si) can As, yet the source of Si matters. Rice husk, an underutilized Si-rich byproduct production that contains less labile C order magnitude than straw, may be economically viable resource impact husk incorporation on in rice-soil nexus has not been reported. This proof-of-concept study shows soil (1% w/w) by 25-50% without...
Microbial physiological processes are intimately involved in nutrient cycling. However, it remains unclear to what extent microbial diversity or community composition is important for determining the rates of ecosystem-scale functions. There many examples positive correlations between and ecosystem function, but how communities ‘map' onto functions remain unresolved. This uncertainty limits our ability predict manage crucial microbially mediated such as losses greenhouse gas emissions. To...
Amazonian rainforest is undergoing increasing rates of deforestation, driven primarily by cattle pasture expansion. Forest-to-pasture conversion has been associated with increases in soil methane (CH4) emission. To better understand the drivers this change, we measured CH4 flux, environmental conditions, and belowground microbial community structure across primary forests, pastures, secondary forests two regions. We show that soils emit high levels (mean: 3454.6 ± 9482.3 μg m-2 d-1),...
We have investigated 31 families segregation for Hunter Syndrome in order to advance our understanding of the genetics this disease. The hair root test diagnosis carriers was improved by adoption a new diagnostic index that distinguishes between carrier and normal females better than previous methods analysis. One hundred eleven female relatives affected children were tested such procedures. This showed seven out mothers not (22.6%), thus suggesting small deficit mutation relative...
Abstract The role of host-associated microbiomes in shaping host fitness is becoming increasingly recognized, and may have important evolutionary consequences. degree to which contribute evolution depends on how they are inherited. To understand the conditions under mediated by microbiome inheritance, we introduce a simple mathematical model. Our model tracks quantitative trait that genotype microbiome. Unlike genotype, several routes transmission, including social contact environmental...
Abstract Nitrogen (N) pollution from N inputs to agricultural soils contributes widespread eutrophication and global climate change. One period susceptible losses is between winter grain harvest in summer corn planting spring a ( Zea mays L.)–soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]–winter rotation. Cover crops used immobilize during this often depend on tillage, which can exacerbate losses. Therefore, we evaluated whether reduced‐till cover could decrease nitrate (NO 3 – ) leaching nitrous oxide...
Belowground ecosystem processes can be highly variable and difficult to predict using microbial community data. Here, we argue that this stems from at least three issues: (a) complex covariance structure of samples (with environmental conditions or spatial proximity) make distinguishing biotic drivers a challenge; (b) communities control through multiple mechanisms, making the identification these controls (c) function assessments broad in physiological scale, encapsulating with unique...
Summary X‐linked mental retardation with fragile X or Martin–Bell Syndrome (MBS) is a frequent cause of retardation. So far segregation analysis MBS in pedigrees ascertained by different, incomplete criteria has produced results, difficult to interpret, which suggest genetic complexity (Sherman et al . 1985). Biochemical and cell biological studies have failed provide an assay for heterogeneity linkage the only available method. Such analysis, however, complicated penetrance disease males...
ABSTRACT Belowground ecosystem processes can be highly variable and difficult to predict using microbial community data. Here we argue that this stems from at least three issues: 1) complex covariance structure of samples (with environmental conditions or spatial proximity) make distinguishing biotic drivers a challenge, 2) communities control through multiple mechanisms, making the identification these controls challenge 3) function assessments broad in physiological scale, encapsulating...
Abstract Nitrogen (N) management is a critical agronomic challenge, as N losses are source of pollution affecting both waterways and air quality potential economic loss for farmers. One approach to conservation through ecologically based agricultural systems that reduce tillage incorporate cover crops. However, these exhibit considerable complexity resulting in trade‐offs. To address concerns, four crop were implemented within an organically managed corn–soy–winter grain rotation. These...
Abstract Microorganisms mediate many important ecosystem functions, yet it remains unclear to what extent microbial diversity or community composition is for determining the rates of ecosystem-scale functions. This uncertainty limits our ability predict and manage crucial microbially-mediated processes, such as nutrient loss greenhouse gas emissions. Our lack understanding stems from relatively large microorganisms, difficulty in directly identifying functional groups, limited manipulate...
ABSTRACT Amazonian rainforest is undergoing increasing rates of deforestation, driven primarily by cattle pasture expansion. Forest-to-pasture conversion has been associated with changes to ecosystem processes, including substantial increases in soil methane (CH 4 ) emission. The drivers this change CH flux are not well understood. To address knowledge gap, we measured flux, environmental conditions, and belowground microbial community attributes across a land use gradient (old growth...
Abstract Microbiomes mediate important ecosystem functions, yet it has proven difficult to determine the relationship between microbiome composition and rate of functions. This challenge remains because is manipulate directly, we often cannot know a priori which members influence an function, microbiomes can covary strongly with other drivers such as environment. To address these challenges, imposed artificial selection on whole soil ecosystems over multiple generations select for microbial...
Abstract Skeletal muscle fiber composition and capillary density influence physical performance whole-body metabolic properties. ~45% of the variance in type is heritable, which motivated us to perform a genome-wide association study skeletal histology from 656 Swedish men. Four independent variants were associated ( p < 5x10 − 8 ) with proportion IIx fibers or capillary-to-fiber ratio (C:F). The strongest signal localized rs115660502 variant, where G-allele corresponded increased C:F...