A5091028728- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements
- Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Optical measurement and interference techniques
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
- Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
2017-2023
Helmholtz Institute Mainz
2017-2023
GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research
2021-2023
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
2016-2018
California State University, East Bay
2017
Advanced Light Source
2016
Numerous theories extending beyond the standard model of particle physics predict existence bosons that could constitute dark matter (DM) permeating universe. In halo (SHM) galactic velocity distribution bosonic DM field defines a characteristic coherence time $\tau_c$. Until recently, laboratory experiments searching for fields have been in regime where measurement $T$ significantly exceeds $\tau_c$, so null results interpreted as constraints on coupling to particles with amplitude $\Phi_0$...
We report the results of a search for axionlike dark matter using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. This is part multi-faceted Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr) program. In order to distinguish from fields, we employ comagnetometry scheme measuring ultralow-field NMR signals involving two different nuclei ($^{13}$C and $^{1}$H) in liquid-state sample acetonitrile-2-$^{13}$C ($^{13}$CH$_{3}$CN). No signal was detected above background. result constrains parameter...
The nature of dark matter, the invisible substance making up over 80% matter in universe, is one most fundamental mysteries modern physics. Ultralight bosons such as axions, axion-like particles, or photons could make matter. Couplings between and nuclear spins may enable their direct detection via magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy: As move through galactic dark-matter halo, they couple to behave if were an oscillating field, generating a dark-matter-driven NMR signal. part cosmic axion...
We report the results of an experimental search for ultralight axion-like dark matter in mass range 162 neV to 166 neV. The detection scheme our Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr) is based on a precision measurement $^{207}$Pb solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance polarized ferroelectric crystal. Axion-like can exert oscillating torque spins via electric-dipole moment coupling $g_d$, or gradient $g_{\text{aNN}}$. calibrated detector and characterized excitation spectrum...
The cosmic axion spin precession experiment (CASPEr) is a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) seeking to detect and axion-like particles which could make up the dark matter present in Universe. We review predicted couplings of axions with baryonic that enable their detection via NMR. then describe two measurement schemes being implemented CASPEr. first method, presented original CASPEr proposal, consists resonant search continuous-wave NMR spectroscopy. This method offers highest sensitivity...
We derive spectral line shapes of the expected signal for a haloscope experiment searching axionlike dark matter. The knowledge these is needed to optimize an experimental design and data analysis procedure. extend previously known results axion-photon axion-gluon couplings case gradient (axion-fermion) coupling. A unique feature interaction its dependence not only on magnitudes but also directions velocities galactic halo particles, which leads directional sensitivity corresponding...
Ultralight bosonic dark matter (UBDM) can be described by a classical wave-like field oscillating near the Compton frequency of bosons. If measurement scheme for direct detection UBDM interactions is sensitive to signature quadratic in field, then there near-zero-frequency (dc) component signal. Thus, detector with given finite bandwidth used search bosons frequencies many orders magnitude larger than its bandwidth. This opens possibility analogous Hanbury Brown and Twiss intensity...
An overview of our experimental program to search for axion and axion-like-particle (ALP) dark matter using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques is presented. oscillating field can exert a time-varying torque on spins either directly or via generation an electric dipole moment (EDM). Magnetic be used detect such effect. The first-stage experiments explore many decades ALP parameter space beyond the current astrophysical laboratory bounds. It anticipated that future versions will...
Nuclear magnetic resonance is a promising experimental approach to search for ultra-light axion-like dark matter. Searches such as the cosmic axion spin-precession experiments (CASPEr) are ultimately limited by quantum-mechanical noise sources, in particular, spin-projection noise. We discuss how fundamental limits can potentially be reached. consider circuit model of experiment and quantify three sources: noise, thermal amplifier Calculation total spectrum takes into account modification...
The ultimate performance of surface slope metrology instrumentation, such as long trace profilers and auto-collimator based deflectometers, is limited by systematic errors that are increased when the entire angular range used for significantly curved optics. At ALS X-Ray Optics Laboratory, in collaboration with HZB/BESSY-II PTB (Germany) teams, we working on a calibration method concept universal test mirror (UTM) [V. V. Yashchuk et al., Proc. SPIE 6704, 67040A (2007)]. Potentially, UTM...
To preserve the brightness and coherence of x-rays produced by diffraction-limited-storage-ring (DLSR) free-electron- laser (FEL) light sources, beamline optics must have unprecedented quality. For example, in case most advanced beamlines for DLSR source under development at Advanced Light Source (ALS), ALS-U, we need highly curved x-ray mirrors with surface slope tolerances better than 50–100 nrad (root-mean-square, rms). At ALS X-Ray Optics Lab (XROL), are working on a new Optical Surface...
The research and development work on the Advanced Light Source (ALS) upgrade to a diffraction limited storage ring light source, ALS-U, has brought focus need for near-perfect x-ray optics, capable of delivering experiments without significant degradation brightness coherence. desired surface quality is characterized with residual (after subtraction an ideal shape) slope height errors <50-100 nrad (rms) <1-2 nm (rms), respectively. ex-situ metrology that supports optimal usage optics at...
The development of fully coherent free electron lasers and diffraction limited storage ring x-ray sources has brought to focus the need for higher performing optics with unprecedented tolerances surface slope height errors roughness. For example, proposed beamlines future upgraded Advance Light Source, ALS-U, require optical elements characterized by a residual error <100 nrad (root-mean-square) <1-2 nm (peak-tovalley). These are length up one meter. However, current performance fabrication...
The advent of fully coherent free electron laser and diffraction limited synchrotron storage ring sources x-rays is catalyzing the development new ultra-high accuracy metrology methods. To exploit potential these sources, needs to be capable determining figure an optical element with sub-nanometer height accuracy. Currently, two most prevalent slope measuring instruments used for characterization x-ray optics are auto-collimator based nanometer device (NOM) long trace profiler (LTP) using...
Recently, an original method for the statistical modeling of surface topography state-of-the-art mirrors usage in xray optical systems at light source facilities and astronomical telescopes [Opt. Eng. 51(4), 046501, 2012; ibid. 53(8), 084102 (2014); 55(7), 074106 (2016)] has been developed. In modeling, mirror is considered to be a result stationary uniform stochastic polishing process best fit time-invariant linear filter (TILF) that optimally parameterizes, with limited number parameters,...
Ultralight bosonic dark matter (UBDM) can be described by a classical wave-like field oscillating near the Compton frequency of bosons. If measurement scheme for direct detection UBDM interactions is sensitive to signature quadratic in field, then there near-zero-frequency (dc) component signal. Thus, detector with given finite bandwidth used search bosons frequencies many orders magnitude larger than its bandwidth. This opens possibility analogous Hanbury Brown and Twiss intensity...
The development of deterministic polishing techniques has given rise to vendors that manufacture high quality threedimensional x-ray optics. surface metrology on these optics remains a difficult task. For the fabrication, usually use unique tools, generally developed site, are not available in optical labs at facilities. At Advanced Light Source X-Ray Optics Laboratory, we have rather straightforward interferometric-microscopy-based procedure capable sub microradian characterization sagittal...