A5036058264- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Gut microbiota and health
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Helminth infection and control
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Complement system in diseases
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Malaria Research and Control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
2023-2024
New York University
2019-2023
Imperial College London
2015-2020
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2016-2020
National Institutes of Health
2016-2020
London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research
2017
Princeton University
2007
Although chronic morbidity in humans from soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections can be reduced by anthelmintic treatment, inconsistent diagnostic tools make it difficult to reliably measure the impact of deworming programs and often miss light infections. Cryopreserved stool samples 796 people (aged 2–81 years) four villages Bungoma County, western Kenya, were assessed using multi-parallel qPCR for 8 parasites compared point-of-contact assessments same stools 2-stool 2-slide Kato-Katz...
Programmed DNA elimination is a developmentally regulated process leading to the reproducible loss of specific genomic sequences. occurs in unicellular ciliates and variety metazoans, including invertebrates vertebrates. In metazoa, typically somatic cells during early development, leaving germline genome intact. Reference genomes for metazoa that undergo are not available. Here, we generated reference sequences eliminating pig parasitic nematode Ascaris suum horse parasite Parascaris...
Murine studies suggest that the presence of some species intestinal helminths is associated with changes in host microbiota composition and diversity. However, humans have produced varied conclusions, impact appears to vary widely depending on helminth present. To demonstrate how molecular approaches human gut microbiome can provide insights into complex interplay among disparate organisms, DNA was extracted from cryopreserved stools collected residents 5 rural Kenyan villages prior 3 weeks...
Human ascariasis is a major neglected tropical disease caused by the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides . We report 296 megabase (Mb) reference-quality genome comprised of 17,902 protein-coding genes derived from single, representative worm. An additional 68 worms were collected 60 human hosts in Kenyan villages where pig husbandry rare. Notably, majority these (63/68) possessed mitochondrial genomes that clustered closer to parasite suum than A. Comparative phylogenomic analyses identified over...
Abstract Background Rifampin-resistant tuberculosis is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide; only one-third persons start treatment, and outcomes are often inadequate. Several trials demonstrate 90% efficacy using an all-oral, 6-month regimen bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid (BPaL), but significant toxicity occurred 1200-mg linezolid. After US Food Drug Administration approval in 2019, some clinicians rapidly implemented BPaL initial 600-mg dose adjusted by serum drug concentrations...
With the expansion of soil transmitted helminth (STH) intervention efforts and corresponding decline in infection prevalence, there is an increased need for sensitive specific STH diagnostic assays. Previously, through next generation sequencing (NGS)-based identification targeting non-coding, high copy-number repetitive DNA sequences, we described development a panel improved quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR)-based assays detection Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, ceylanicum,...
In Malaysia, soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections still persist among indigenous communities. the past, local studies have focused mostly on epidemiologic aspects of STH with a scarcity information efficacy deworming treatment. The present study consisted 2 phases: cross-sectional phase current epidemiological status and risk factors longitudinal over 6 weeks triple dose albendazole against infections. A total 253 participants were recruited at baseline pre-tested questionnaire was...
The egg reduction rate (ERR) is the current standard mean to assess efficacy of drugs against human soil-transmitted helminths (STHs; Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm). Although timing post-treatment sampling pivotal for a readily interpretation drug efficacy, there lack empirical data that allows recommending optimal time point follow-up counting. In present study, we re-analyzed both kinetics worm expulsion output lumbricoides following single oral dose albendazole in...
Understanding and quantifying the sources implications of error in measurement helminth egg intensity using Kato-Katz (KK) newly emerging "gold standard" quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique is necessary for appropriate design epidemiological studies, including impact assessments deworming programs. Repeated measurements Ascaris lumbricoides infection were made from samples collected western Kenya qPCR KK techniques. These data combined with on post-treatment worm...
In recent years, an increased focus has been placed upon the possibility of elimination soil-transmitted helminth (STH) transmission using various interventions including mass drug administration. The primary diagnostic tool recommended by WHO is detection STH eggs in stool Kato-Katz (KK) method. However, detecting infected individuals this method becomes increasingly difficult as intensity infection decreases. Newer techniques, such qPCR, have shown to greater sensitivity than KK,...
Helminth infection and dietary intake can affect the intestinal microbiota, as well immune system. Here we analyzed relationship between fecal microbiota blood profiles of indigenous Malaysians, referred to locally Orang Asli, in comparison urban participants from capital city Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. We found that helminth infections had a larger effect on gut microbial composition than did or profiles. Trichuris trichiura intensity also strongest association with transcriptional By...
While microbiomes in industrialized societies are well characterized, indigenous populations with traditional lifestyles have that more akin to those of ancient humans. However, metagenomic data these remains scarce, and the association soil-transmitted helminth infection status is unclear. Here, we sequenced 650 metagenomes Malaysians from five villages different prevalence infections.Individuals higher prevalences infections unmapped reads greater microbial diversity. Microbial community...
Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax is a highly prevalent infection world-wide, that was previously considered mild, but complications such as anemia have been reported in the past years. In mice models of malaria, anti-phosphatidylserine (anti-PS) autoantibodies, produced atypical B-cells, bind to uninfected erythrocytes and contribute anemia. human patients with P. falciparum levels anti-PS, B-cells are strongly correlated each other. this study, we focused on assessing relationship between...
Plasmodium (malaria) and helminth parasite coinfections are frequent, both infections can be affected by the host gut microbiota. However, relationship between coinfection microbiota is unclear. By performing comprehensive analyses on blood/stool samples from 130 individuals in Colombia, we found that may have a stronger with number of P. vivax parasites than infecting host. Microbiota analysis identified more predictors burden, whereas blood burden. These results were unexpected, because...
Both tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 can affect the respiratory system, early findings suggest co-occurrence of these infectious diseases result in elevated mortality. A retrospective cohort patients who were diagnosed with TB concurrently (within 120 days) between March 2020 June 2022 New York City (NYC) was identified. This compared a TB-alone during same period terms demographic information, clinical characteristics, Cox proportional hazards regression used to compare mortality patient...
Acquired rifamycin resistance (ARR) in tuberculosis (TB) has been associated with HIV infection and can necessitate complicated TB treatment regimens, particularly people living (PLWH). This work examines clinical characteristics outcomes of PLWH who developed ARR from 2001 to 2023 New York City (NYC) inform best practices for treating these patients. 2001–2023 were identified the NYC registry. Sixteen ARR; 15 diagnosed 2001–2009 16th was 2017. Median CD4 count 48/mm3. On initial...
Context: Antimicrobial use has been associated with increasing antimicrobial resistance. There is an urgent need for judicious of antimicrobials. Informational feedback shown to result in changes behavioural practices physicians certain healthcare settings. We conducted this study see if the passive informational can reduce usage a tertiary care centre. Aims: The was undertaken evaluate clinicians on their own antibiotic prescription results any change habits. Settings and Design: at setting...
Although relatively rare, rifampin mono-resistant tuberculosis (RMR TB) poses important challenges to effective TB treatment and control. Information on the burden of RMR outcomes is needed inform diagnosis management.Standardized variables were collected from New York City (NYC) surveillance system for patients treated in NYC during 2010-2021.Of 7097 cases reported 2010-2021, 31 (<1%) clinically as TB. Five (16%) these had HIV. Seventeen (55%) that was rifampin-resistant by both molecular...
Abstract While microbiomes in industrialized societies are well characterized, indigenous populations with traditional lifestyles have that more akin to those of ancient humans. However, metagenomic data these remains scarce and the association soil-transmitted helminth infection status is unclear. Here, we sequenced 650 metagenomes Malaysians from 5 villages different prevalence infections. Individuals higher infections unmapped reads greater microbial diversity. Microbial community...
Abstract Human ascariasis is a major neglected tropical disease caused by the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides . We report 296 megabase (Mb) reference quality genome comprised of 17902 protein-coding genes derived from single, representative worm collected 60 human hosts in Kenyan villages where pig husbandry rare. Notably, majority isolates (63/68) possessed mitochondrial genomes that clustered closer to parasite suum than A. Comparative phylogenomic analyses identified over 11 million...
Abstract Co-infection with soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and Plasmodium spp. parasites is a common occurrence in tropical low-income countries, but the consequences of this interaction remain poorly understood. Here, we performed multi-omic analysis on peripheral blood fecal samples from 130 individuals Tierralta, Córdoba, Colombia who were infected P. vivax alone (n = 33), co-infected STH 27), 39) or neither nor 31). In addition to Complete Blood Count (CBC) differential, transcriptional...