Magnetic cell separation has become a popular technique to enrich or deplete cells of interest from heterogeneous population. One important aspect magnetic is the degree which binds paramagnetic material. It this material that imparts positive magnetophoretic mobility target cell, thus allowing effective separation. A mathematical relationship been developed correlate labeling an immunomagnetically labeled cell. Four parameters have identified significantly affect cell: antibody binding...

Nano- and microscale topographical cues play critical roles in the induction maintenance of various cellular functions, including morphology, adhesion, gene regulation, communication. Recent studies indicate that structure function at heart tissue level is exquisitely sensitive to mechanical nano-scale as well level. Although fabrication methods exist for generating features cell culture, current techniques, especially those with nanoscale resolution, are typically complex, prohibitively...

Oxidative byproducts of cannabidiol (CBD) are known to be cytotoxic. However, CBD susceptibility oxidation and resulting toxicity dissolved in two common solvents, ethanol (EtOH) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), is seldom discussed. Furthermore, products contain a wide range concentrations, making it challenging link general health risks associated with cytotoxicity. Here, we report on the effect analogues EtOH or DMSO at various concentrations. The cells used these studies were human umbilical...

Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are excellent cell culture systems for elucidating developmental signals that may be part of the niche. Although traditionally induced using predominately soluble signals, mechanical environment niche can also play a role in directing towards differential lineages. Interested diverging vascular fates, we set out to examine what extent signaling played endothelial and/or smooth muscle fate. Using chemically-defined staged differentiation methods, progenitor (VPC)...

Embryoid body (EB) formation closely recapitulates early embryonic development with respect to lineage commitment. Because it is greatly affected by cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions, the ability control initial number of cells in aggregates provide an appropriate substrate are crucial parameters for uniform EB formation. Here we report ultra-rapid fabrication culture method utilizing a laser-jet printer generate arrayed honeycomb microwells tunable sizes induction EBs from single...

Endothelial cells (EC) derived from embryonic stem (ESC) require additional functional characterization before they are used as a cell therapy in order to enhance their potential for engraftment and proliferation. We explore several physiologically relevant functions of ESC-derived EC (ESC-EC), such its capacity produce nitric oxide (NO), regulate permeability, activate express surface molecules the recruitment leukocytes response inflammatory stimuli, migrate grow new blood vessels, lay...

Methods A methodology and a mathematical theory have been developed, which allow quantitation of the expression levels cellular surface antigens using immunomagnetic labels cell tracking velocimetry (CTV) technology. Results Quantum Simply Cellular (QSC) microbeads were immunomagnetically labeled with anti-CD2 fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) antibodies anti-FITC MACS paramagnetic nanoparticles. Magnetophoretic mobility has defined as magnetically induced velocity or microbead divided by...

Antibody binding capacity (ABC) is a term representing cellapos;s ability to bind antibodies, correlating with the number of specific cellular antigens expressed on that cell. ABC allows magnetically conjugated antibodies targeted cells, imparting magnetophoretic mobility each This enables sorting based differences in cell and, potentially, magnetic separation values. A value particularly important factor continuous separation. work investigates relationship between and efficiency by...

Embryonic stem (ES) cells could potentially serve as an excellent cell source for various applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Our laboratory is particularly interested generating a reproducible endothelial the development of prevascularized materials tissue/organ reconstruction. After developing methods to isolate highly purified (>96%) proliferating populations from mouse embryonic cells, we tested their ability form three-dimensional (3-D) vascular structures...

Stem cell therapies will only become clinically relevant if the stem cells differentiated in vitro function as their vivo counterparts. Here, we employed our previously developed techniques for deriving endothelial (>96% purity) from mouse embryonic (ESC) and compared these with aortic (MAEC) obtained thoracic aortas. Immunocytochemical analysis of ESC-derived (EC) demonstrates that both types are positive EC markers nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), Flk-1, Flt-1, vascular cadherin (VEcad),...

Cardiomyocytes (CMs) differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are a promising and potentially unlimited cell source for myocardial repair regeneration. Recently, multiple methodologies—primarily based on the optimization of growth factors—have been described efficient cardiac differentiation hESCs. However, role extracellular matrix (ECM) signaling in CM has not yet explored fully. This study examined ECM generation CMs both H7 H9 ESCs. The hESCs were substrates composed range...

The vascularization of tissue grafts is critical for maintaining viability the cells within a transplanted graft. A number strategies are currently being investigated including very promising microfluidics systems. Here, we explored potential generating vasculature-patterned endothelial that could be integrated into distinct layers between sheets primary cells. Bioinspired from leaf veins, generated reverse mold with fractal vascular-branching pattern models unique spatial arrangement over...

Endothelial cells (ECs) are desired for their therapeutic potential in a variety of areas including gene therapy, cardiac regeneration, development tissue-engineered vascular grafts, and prevascularized tissue transplants. Pluripotent embryonic stem (ESCs) can be induced to differentiate into ECs vitro using embryoid bodies, monolayer cultures, or by genetic manipulation immortalization. However, obtaining homogeneous cultures proliferating ESC-derived without is challenging undertaking...

Cells self-organize into functional, ordered structures during tissue morphogenesis, a process that is evocative of colloidal self-assembly engineered soft materials. Understanding how intercellular mechanical interactions may drive the formation and functional multicellular important in developmental biology engineering. Here, by combining an agent-based model for contractile cells on elastic substrates with endothelial cell culture experiments, we show substrate deformation–mediated...

Endothelial cells (EC) generated in vitro from stem are desirable for their potential a variety of models and cell-based therapeutic approaches; however, EC can take on number functionally phenotypically distinct specializations. Here, we show the generation subpopulations, including (1) pro-angiogenic migrating tip-like proliferative stalk-like EC, (2) less migratory cobblestone-shaped phalanx-like EC. Both embryonic cell (ESC)-derived subpopulations outgrowths Flk-1+ vascular progenitor...

Abstract The packaging and delivery of cells for cardiac regeneration has been explored using a variety biomaterials methods, but these studies often ignore one or more important design factors critical rebuilding tissue. These include the biomaterial architecture, strength stiffness, cell alignment, and/or incorporation multiple types. In this article, we explore combinatorial use decellularized tissues, moldable hydrogels, patterned cell‐seeding, cell‐sheet engineering find that...

Vascular progenitor cells (VPCs) derived from embryonic stem (ESCs) are a valuable source for cell- and tissue-based therapeutic strategies. During the optimization of endothelial cell (EC) inductions mouse ESCs using our staged chemically-defined induction methods, we found that seeding density but not VEGF treatment between 10 ng/mL 40 was significant variable directing into FLK1+ VPCs during stage 1 induction. Here, examine potential contributions cell-to-cell signaling or cellular...

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has brought major innovations to the field in its ability fabricate cell-laden constructs that closely resemble physiological tissue. Unfortunately, many bioprinters print only one material and at limited resolutions. Improving on resolutions, functionality, affordability necessitates attention both printing techniques printers. Here, we present our results towards building an affordable, partially open-source bioprinter, ModiPrint, enables multiple...

Embryonic stem (ES) cells serve as an excellent in vitro system for studying differentiation events and developing methods of generating various specialized future regenerative therapeutic applications. Two obstacles associated with using embryonic include (a) isolating homogeneous populations differentiated (b) obtaining terminally cell that are capable proliferating further. Here, the authors describe which they have overcome these two by highly purified (>96%) actively endothelial from...

Abstract Vascular progenitor cells derived from stem could potentially lead to a variety of clinically relevant applications, including cell‐based therapies and tissue engineering. Here, we describe methods for isolating purified proliferating populations vascular endothelial mouse embryonic (mESC) using Flk‐1 positive sorted cells, VEGF supplementation, rigorous manual selection technique required cell purification expansion. Using this in vitro derivation procedure, it is possible obtain...

An experimental technique is discussed in which the magnetic susceptibility of immunomagnetically labeled cells can be determined on a cell-by-cell basis. This based determining magnetically induced velocity that an cell has well-defined energy gradient. through use video recordings microscopic images moving These are then computer digitized and processed using algorithm, tracking velocimetry, allows larger numbers (>10(3)) to analyzed.