A5077506298- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- interferon and immune responses
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Ocular Surface and Contact Lens
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Retinal and Optic Conditions
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
University of California, Irvine
2015-2025
UC Irvine Health
2020
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created one of the largest global health crises in almost a century. Although current rate Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections decreased significantly, long-term outlook COVID-19 remains serious cause morbidity and mortality worldwide, with still substantially surpassing even that recorded for influenza viruses. continued emergence SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOCs), including multiple heavily mutated...
Since early 2020, several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) continue to emerge, evading waning antibody mediated immunity produced by the current Spike-alone based COVID-19 vaccines. This caused a prolonged and persistent pandemic that is going enter its fifth year. Thus, need remains for innovative next generation vaccines would incorporate protective Spike-derived B-cell epitopes resist immune evasion. Towards goal, in this study we (i) Screened sequences Spike among many VOCs...
Background Cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD4 + and CD8 T cells are present in up to 50% of unexposed, pre-pandemic, healthy individuals (UPPHIs). However, the characteristics cross-reactive associated with subsequent protection asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients (i.e., unvaccinated who never develop any COVID-19 symptoms despite being infected SARS-CoV-2) remains be fully elucidated. Methods This study compares antigen specificity, frequency, phenotype,...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) continue to evolve and reemerge with chronic inflammatory long COVID sequelae, necessitating the development anti-inflammatory therapeutic molecules. Therapeutic effects receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) were reported in many diseases. However, a effect RAGE COVID-19 has not been reported. In present study, we investigated whether how RAGE-Ig fusion protein would have an antiviral system. The protective was determined vivo...
Background: Nucleoside-modified mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a promising vaccine strategy, especially for COVID-19. While the LNPs protect from degradation and efficiently deliver to antigen-presenting cells, effect of composition on immunogenicity protective efficacy mRNA/LNP vaccines is not well characterized. Studies using platform largely focused nucleic acid cargo with less attention paid LNP vehicle. Whether biophysical properties impact performance...
Introduction The reactivation of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) from latency causes viral shedding that develops into recurrent genital lesions. role tissue-resident T cells and the nature antigens associated with protection against remain to be fully elucidated. Methods In this preclinical study, we investigated protective therapeutic efficacy, in guinea pig model herpes, five recombinant adenovirus-based vaccine candidates (rAd-Ags), each expressing different HSV-2 envelope tegument...
Abstract HSV type 1 (HSV-1) is a prevalent human pathogen that infects >3.72 billion individuals worldwide and can cause potentially blinding recurrent corneal herpetic disease. HSV-1 establishes latency within sensory neurons of trigeminal ganglia (TG), TG-resident CD8+ T cells play critical role in preventing its reactivation. The repertoire, phenotype, function protective are unknown. Bolstering the apparent feeble numbers TG remains challenge for immunotherapeutic strategies. In...
The HSV type 1 tegument virion phosphoprotein (VP) 11/12 (VP11/12) is a major Ag targeted by CD8(+) T cells from HSV-seropositive individuals. However, whether and which VP11/12 epitope-specific play role in the "natural" protection seen seropositive healthy asymptomatic (ASYMP) individuals (who have never had clinical herpes disease) remain to be determined. In this study, we used multiple prediction computer-assisted algorithms identify 10 potential HLA-A*02:01-restricted cell epitopes...
ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein B (gB)-specific CD8 + T cells protect mice from herpes infection and disease. However, whether which HSV-1 gB-specific play a key role in the “natural” protection seen HSV-1-seropositive healthy asymptomatic (ASYMP) individuals (who have never had clinical disease) remain to be determined. In this study, we dissected phenotypes functions of HLA-A*02:01 positive, seropositive ASYMP symptomatic (SYMP) (with history numerous episodes...
Although the current rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections has decreased significantly, COVID-19 still ranks very high as a cause death worldwide. As October 2023, weekly mortality is at 600 deaths in United States alone, which surpasses even worst rates recorded for influenza. Thus, long-term outlook serious concern outlining need next-generation vaccine. This study found that prime/pull coronavirus vaccine strategy increased frequency functional SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4
Abstract Four major mucosal-associated chemokines, CCL25, CCL28, CXCL14, and CXCL17, play an important role in protecting mucosal surfaces from infectious pathogens. However, their protection against genital herpes remains to be fully explored. The CCL28 is a chemoattractant for the CCR10 receptor–expressing immune cells produced homeostatically human vaginal mucosa (VM). In this study, we investigated of CCL28/CCR10 chemokine axis mobilizing protective antiviral B T cell subsets into VM...
ABSTRACT The first-generation Spike-alone-based COVID-19 vaccines have successfully contributed to reducing the risk of hospitalization, serious illness, and death caused by SARS-CoV-2 infections. However, waning immunity induced these failed prevent immune escape many variants concern (VOCs) that emerged from 2020 2024, resulting in a prolonged pandemic. We hypothesize next-generation Coronavirus (CoV) vaccine incorporating highly conserved non-Spike antigens would confer stronger broader...
ABSTRACT Following acute herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection, the undergoes an asymptomatic latent infection of sensory neurons dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Chemical and physical stress cause intermittent reactivation from latently infected DRG recurrent shedding in genital mucosal epithelium causing symptomatic patients. While T cells appear to play a role controlling reducing severity herpes, mechanisms for recruiting these into vaginal mucosa (VM) remain be fully elucidated. The...
Recurrent viral diseases often occur after the viruses evade hosts' immune system, by inducing exhaustion of antiviral T cells. In present study, we found that functionally exhausted herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) -specific CD8+ cells, with elevated expression lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), an checkpoint receptor promotes cell exhaustion, were frequent in symptomatic (SYMP) patients a history numerous episodes recurrent corneal herpetic disease. Similarly, following UV-B induced...
Reactivation of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) from latency causes viral shedding that develops into recurrent genital lesions. The immune mechanisms protection against remain to be fully elucidated. In this preclinical study, we investigated the protective therapeutic efficacy, in guinea pig model herpes, subunit vaccine candidates were based on eight recombinantly expressed HSV-2 envelope and tegument proteins. These protein antigens (Ags) rationally selected for their ability recall strong CD4
There is an urgent need for a vaccine against widespread herpes simplex virus infections. The present study demonstrates that immunization of HLA transgenic rabbits with peptide/CXCL10 prime/pull triggered mobilization HSV-specific CD8 + T cells locally into the cornea and TG, sites acute latent herpesvirus infections, respectively. Mobilization antiviral TG received was associated protection ocular infection disease following HSV-1 challenge. These results highlight importance strategy to...
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection is widespread among humans. The HSV-1 virion protein 13/14 (VP13/14), also known as UL47, a tegument antigen targeted by CD8+ T cells from HSV-seropositive individuals. However, whether VP13/14-specific play role in the natural protection seen asymptomatic (ASYMP) individuals (individuals who have never had clinical herpetic disease) has not been elucidated. Using predictive computer-assisted algorithms, we identified 10 potential...
A large proportion of the world population harbors herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a major cause infectious corneal blindness. HSV-specific CD8+ T cells protect from herpesvirus infection and disease. However, genomic, phenotypic, functional characteristics associated with protection seen in asymptomatic (ASYMP) individuals, who, despite being infected, never experienced any recurrent herpetic disease, remains to be fully elucidated. In this investigation, we compared phenotype, function,...
We investigated the protective role of iNKT cell subsets in asymptomatic ocular herpesvirus infection. found that early during infection (i.e., on day 2 postinfection), IFN-γ-producing PLZF lo RORγt iNKT1 cells were predominant subset infected corneas B6 mice (with little to no corneal herpetic disease), compared symptomatic severe disease). Moreover, wild-type (WT) mice, CD1d KO which lack cells, showed (i) decreases levels IFN-γ and IL-12, (ii) an increase level inflammatory cytokine IL-6;...
Reactivation of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) from latently infected neurons the trigeminal ganglia (TG) leads to blinding recurrent herpetic disease in symptomatic (SYMP) individuals. Although role T cells immunity against is heavily explored, B less investigated.
Since early 2020, several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) continue to emerge, evading waning antibody mediated immunity produced by the current Spike-alone based COVID-19 vaccines. This caused a prolonged and persistent pandemic that is going enter its fifth year. Thus, need remains for innovative next generation vaccines would incorporate protective Spike-derived B-cell epitopes resist immune evasion. Towards goal, in this study we (
ABSTRACT Background The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created one of the largest global health crises in almost a century. Although current rate SARS-CoV-2 infections decreased significantly; long-term outlook COVID-19 remains serious cause high death worldwide; with mortality still surpassing even worst rates recorded for influenza viruses. continuous emergence variants concern (VOCs), including multiple heavily mutated Omicron sub-variants, have prolonged and outlines...
Three influenza A virus isolates, one from a human, chicken, and wild bird dropping, were used to infect human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in culture. The strains H1N, H5/H7-N1/N2 (mixture) H9N, respectively assessed vitro PBMCs the presence of Phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Viral replication was estimated by visual cytopathic effect (CPE). H1N2 CPE included budding lymphocytes, fusion infected with neighboring syncytial formation. H5/H7- N1/N2 H9N2 each caused that bulging large...