A5000441026- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Global Health and Surgery
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Disaster Response and Management
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Community Development and Social Impact
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Ethics in medical practice
- Immune cells in cancer
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care Units
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Evaluation and Performance Assessment
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme
2013-2024
University of Liverpool
2013-2024
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2016-2024
Kamuzu University of Health Sciences
2022-2024
Kamuzu Central Hospital
2022-2023
University of Health Science
2022-2023
Victor (Japan)
2023
Public Health Institute of Malawi
2022
University of Malawi
2016-2021
Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital
2020
Breastfeeding, which is an integral component of human reproduction, prevents the infant mortality associated with alternative feeding methods owing to unique nutritional and immunoactive properties milk.1Victora CG Bahl R Barros AJ et al.Breastfeeding in 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, lifelong effect.Lancet. 2016; 387: 475-490Summary Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (2421) Google Scholar UNICEF WHO emphasise crucial role breastfeeding addressing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),...
Abstract Background While community engagement is increasingly promoted in global health research to improve ethical practice, it can sometimes coerce participation and thereby compromise research. This paper seeks discuss some of the issues arising from a low resource setting. Methods A qualitative study design focusing on activities three biomedical projects as ethnographic case studies was used gain in-depth understanding experienced by multiple stakeholders Malawi. Data collected through...
Diarrhoea due to rotavirus remains a significant cause of child mortality in developing regions. Caregivers' perspectives on the social determinants gastroenteritis and childhood vaccination, including vaccine, were explored through focus group discussions Ethiopia (n=6), Kenya (n=14), Malawi (n=10), using combination thematic framework analysis approaches. The results show that diarrhoea was perceived be burden all three countries, particularly among infants, challenges WASH (water,...
Community engagement to protect and empower participating individuals communities is an ethical requirement in research. There however limited evidence on effectiveness or relevance of some the approaches used improve practice. We conducted a study understand rationale, benefits community health This paper draws from this wider focuses factors that shaped Advisory Group (CAG) members' selection processes functions Malawi. A qualitative research design was used; two participatory workshops...
High mortality burden from Acute Bacterial Meningitis (ABM) in resource-poor settings has been frequently blamed on delays treatment seeking. We explored treatment-seeking pathways household to primary health care and referral for ABM Malawi.A cross-sectional qualitative study using narrative in-depth interviews, semi-structured interviews focus group discussions.Adults children with proven probable acute bacterial meningitis and/or their carers; adults urban peri-urban communities; workers...
Radio is an effective source of health information in many resource poor countries. In Malawi, 53% households own radios however few radio programmes Malawi focus on issues the context medical research. An interactive health-talk programme ‘ Umoyo nkukambirana’ was introduced by Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme a national station. The aim to increase awareness and research, improve engagement between researchers, healthcare workers public. content presentation were...
<ns3:p><ns3:bold>Background:</ns3:bold> Evaluation of community and public engagement in research is important to deepen understanding how works enhance its effectiveness. Theories change have been recommended for evaluating engagement, their ability make explicit intended outcomes understandings activities contribute these outcomes. However, there are few documented examples using theories evaluation engagement. This article reports experience develop a framework at clinical organisation...
<ns4:p>Although community engagement is increasingly promoted in global health research to improve ethical practice, there sometimes a disconnect between the broader moral ambitions for literature and guidelines on one hand its rather narrower practical application other. In less attention paid engaging communities ‘intrinsic’ value of showing respect ensuring inclusive participation partners design. Rather, more use ‘instrumental’ purposes understanding ensure successful study...
Compensation for research participants can be provided reasons including reimbursement of costs; compensation time lost, discomfort or inconvenience; expression appreciation participation. This involves numerous ethical complexities, at times entailing competing risks. In the context transnational research, often incorporating contexts economic inequality, power differentials and post-colonialism, these issues extend into wider questions conduct.We describe experiences conducting a...
Tuberculosis (TB) is highly infectious and one of the leading killers globally. Several studies from sub-Saharan Africa highlight health systems challenges that affect ability to cope with existing disease burden, including TB, although most these employ survey-type approaches. Consequently, few address community or patient perspectives experiences. At same time, understanding mechanisms by which translate into seeking avoidance formal care remains limited. This paper applies notion human...
Abstract Postmortem single-cell studies have transformed understanding of lower respiratory tract diseases (LRTDs), including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but there are minimal data from African settings where HIV, malaria and other environmental exposures may affect pathobiology treatment targets. In this study, we used histology high-dimensional imaging to characterize fatal lung in Malawian adults with ( n = 9) without 7) COVID-19, generated transcriptomics lung, blood nasal...
Introduction Individuals recruited into clinical trials for life-threatening illnesses are particularly vulnerable. This is especially true in low-income settings. The decision to enrol may be influenced by existing inequalities, poor healthcare infrastructure and fear of death. Where patients confused or unconscious the responsibility this falls relatives. qualitative study nested ongoing AMBIsome Therapy Induction OptimisatioN (AMBITION) Trial. AMBITION recruiting participants from five...
Drawing on the reflections and discussions from a special session at 2021 Global Health Bioethics Network summer school, this paper has summarised key challenges faced by Frontline Workers (FWs) across research sites in Africa Asia performing everyday ‘body work’ entailed operationalising global health research. Using lens, we specifically explore map that FWs face physical, social, ethical, emotional, political labour involved these settings. The encounter links with wider social economic...
Building trust between researchers and communities involved in research is one goal of community engagement. This paper examines the implications engagement for within communities, including among volunteers who assist with these other members. We describe experiences two groups recruited as part an HIV TB intervention trial Malawi: cluster representatives, both to act key informants suspects mortality reporting identify report concerns, counsellors, provide semi-supervised self-testing....
<ns4:p>Although community engagement is increasingly promoted in global health research to improve ethical practice, there sometimes a disconnect between the broader moral ambitions for literature and guidelines on one hand its rather narrower practical application other. In less attention paid engaging communities ‘intrinsic’ value of showing respect ensuring inclusive participation partners design. Rather, more use ‘instrumental’ purposes understanding ensure successful study...
Abstract Background Medical researchers in resource-constrained settings must make difficult moral decisions about the provision of ancillary care to participants where additional healthcare needs fall outside scope research and are not provided for by local system. We examined stakeholder perceptions experiences biomedical projects Malawi. Methods conducted 45 qualitative in-depth interviews with key stakeholders: researchers, health officials, ethics committee members, grants officers from...
Background Community engagement on research design is widely highlighted as an important approach for ethical research. This article reports the experience of consulting with communities logo used influenza study in Malawi. The was designed use badges worn by researchers, participant information sheets and other project documents, could affect perceptions consequent Methods Four focus group discussions were conducted populations targeted study: pregnant women, people HIV, mothers community...
Bronchoscopy is an established research tool in Malawi, enabling collection of pulmonary samples for immunological, pharmacological, and microbiological studies. It is, however, invasive clinical procedure that offers no direct benefit to volunteering participants when used a capacity alone, thus informed consent essential. This study aimed explore TB patients' understanding bronchoscopy, what would motivate them participate their concerns, order inform consenting processes future We...
<ns4:p>Covid-19 continues to teach the global community important lessons about preparedness for research and effective action respond emerging health threats. We share COVID-19 experiences of a pre-existing cross-site ethics network-the Global Health Bioethics Network-which brings together researchers practitioners from Africa, Europe, South east Asia. describe network its members activities, work-related opportunities challenges we faced over one-year period during pandemic. highlight...
Several studies in Africa have reported effects of 'rumours, misconceptions or misinformation' on medical research participation and uptake health interventions. As such, community engagement has sometimes been used for instrumental purposes to enhance acceptability interventions prevent 'rumours'. This paper seeks highlight the value ongoing with communities understand narratives 'rumours' reproduced research. We demonstrate that are a form divergent communication local interpretation needs...
Hearing loss and Deafness/deafness affects as much 5% of the world's population has a considerable health economic burden. We explored relationship with hearing aids well other assistive technology for in general cohort UK adults who have conductive loss. anticipated that insights could lead to greater understanding delivery (AT) participant's lived experience related society.
Implementation science is a relatively young field of study and the delivering evidence-based interventions into routine health care. RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) an evaluation-type implementation framework. CANCaRe Africa preparing project to assess effectiveness cash incentive intervention support families with out-of-pocket costs prevent treatment abandonment increase childhood cancer survival in sub-Saharan Africa. Our strategy enhance...