A5101941550- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Renal and related cancers
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Digestive system and related health
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Apelin-related biomedical research
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
2020-2025
University of Ulsan
2011-2023
ORCID
2022
Yale University
2014-2020
Korea University
2019
University of California, San Diego
2010
University of Miami
1988
Xi'an Medical University
1988
The desire to directly touch and experience virtual objects led the development of a tactile feedback device. In this paper, novel soft pneumatic actuator for providing is proposed demonstrated. suggested does not use an external air compressor but it operated by internal pressure generated electrostatic force. By using actuator, we designed glove interact with reality. finger motions are detected attached flexible piezoelectric sensors transmitted space through Bluetooth interconnecting...
Abstract Various pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to sickness behaviors have been proposed. For example, an inflammatory process in the hypothalamus has implicated, but signaling modalities that involve and neuronal circuit functions are ill-defined. Here, we show toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) activation by intracerebroventricular injection of its ligand, Pam3CSK4, triggered hypothalamic inflammation arcuate nucleus microglia, resulting altered input organization increased activity...
Major depressive disorder is associated with weight loss and decreased appetite; however, the signaling that connects these conditions unclear. Here, we show MC4R in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) affects feeding, anxiety, depression. DRN infusion of α-MSH decreases neuronal activation feeding. expressed GABAergic PRCP-producing neurons. selective knockdown PRCP (PrcpDRNKD), an enzyme inactivating α-MSH, feeding activation. Interestingly, PrcpDRNKD mice present lower serotonin levels...
Accrual of ceramides, membrane and bioactive sphingolipids, has been implicated in endothelial dysfunction preceding cardiometabolic diseases. Yet, direct vivo evidence, underlying mechanisms, pathological implications are lacking. Here we show that suppression ceramides sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a product ceramide degradation, causally linked to activation, contributing vascular metabolic disorders high fat diet fed (HFD) male mice. Mechanistically, the upregulation Nogo-B ORMDL...
Mitochondria are cellular organelles that play an important role in bioenergetic processes. In the central nervous system, high energy-demanding neurons critically dependent on mitochondria to fulfill their appropriate functions. The hypothalamus is a key brain area for maintaining glucose and energy homeostasis via ability of hypothalamic sense, integrate, respond numerous metabolic signals. Mitochondrial function has emerged as component regulation controlling homeostasis. Although...
Abstract Background A growing body of evidence shows that hypothalamic inflammation is an important factor in the initiation obesity. In particular, reactive gliosis accompanied by inflammatory responses hypothalamus are pivotal cellular events elicit metabolic abnormalities. this study, we examined whether MyD88 signaling astrocytes controls and responses, thereby contributing to pathogenesis Methods To analyze role astrocyte obesity pathogenesis, used astrocyte-specific Myd88 knockout (KO)...
Precise control of hepatic glucose production (HGP) is pivotal to maintain systemic homeostasis. HNF4α functions stimulate transcription key gluconeogenic genes. harbors two promoters (P2 and P1) thought be primarily active in fetal adult livers, respectively. Here we report that the version required for HGP liver. This isoform acutely induced upon fasting chronically increased type-2 diabetes (T2D). P2 induction occurs response glucagon-stimulated upregulation TET3, not previously shown...
In the presence of high abundance exogenous fatty acids, cells either store acids in lipid droplets or oxidize them mitochondria. this study, we aimed to explore a novel and direct role mitochondrial fission homeostasis HeLa cells. We observed association between morphology droplet accumulation response acids. inhibited by silencing dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1) shift acid storage-usage balance. Inhibition resulted an increase content decrease oxidation. Next, overexpressed carnitine...
Abstract Aim/hypothesis The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator α (PGC-1α) plays a critical role in the maintenance of glucose, lipid and energy homeostasis by orchestrating metabolic programs multiple tissues response to environmental cues. In skeletal muscles, PGC-1α dysregulation has been associated with insulin resistance type 2 diabetes but underlying mechanisms have remained elusive. This research aims understand TET3, member ten-eleven translocation (TET) family...
Paradoxically, glucose, the primary driver of satiety, activates a small population anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. Here, we show that lactate levels in circulation and cerebrospinal fluid are elevated fed state addition to glucose majority POMC neurons while increasing cytosolic NADH generation, mitochondrial respiration, extracellular pyruvate levels. Inhibition dehydrogenases diminishes production, neuronal activity. However, inhibition carrier has no effect....
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) is a key mediator of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–induced unfolded protein response (UPR). In mammals, eIF2α phosphorylated by overnutrition-induced ER stress and related to development obesity. Here, we studied function (p-eIF2α) in agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons using mouse model (AgRPeIF2αA/A) with an AgRP neuron–specific substitution from Ser 51 Ala eIF2α, which impairs phosphorylation neurons. These AgRPeIF2αA/A mice...
This paper addresses the question: in Graves' disease is there a thyroid-growth stimulating IgG (TGI) separate from thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb)? Using functioning rat thyroid line (FRTL5) cells for TGI (incorporation of [3H]-thymidine into DNA) and TSAb (increase cAMP concentration) assays, we tested 30 patients. Positive assay occurred only if increased responses correlated, i.e., r = 0.95, P less than 0.001. With one very potent TSAb-IgG showed that Fab was active as TSAb, with pI...
Prolyl carboxypeptidase (PRCP) plays a role in the regulation of energy metabolism by inactivating hypothalamic α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) levels. Although detected arcuate nucleus, limited PRCP expression has been observed POMC neurons, and its site action regulating is still ill-defined. We performed immunostaining to assess localization Neuropeptide Y/Agouti-related Peptide (NPY/AgRP) neurons. Hypothalamic explants were then used intracellular release at synaptic Finally, we...
The hypothalamic orexigenic Agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neurons are crucial for the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis. Here, we show that fasting-induced AgRP neuronal activation is associated with dynamin-related 1 (DRP1)-mediated mitochondrial fission and fatty acid utilization in neurons. In line this, mice lacking Dnm1l adult (Drp1 cKO) decreased fasting- or ghrelin-induced activity feeding exhibited a significant decrease body weight, fat mass, accompanied by...
Abstract The hypothalamic orexigenic Agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neurons are crucial for the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis. Here, we show that fasting-induced AgRP neuronal activation is associated with dynamin-related 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission and fatty acid utilization in neurons. In line this, mice lacking Drp1 adult ( AgRPKO ) decrease fasting-or ghrelin-induced activity feeding exhibited a significant body weight, fat mass, accompanied by...
<p> Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) is a key mediator of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–induced unfolded protein response (UPR). In mammals, eIF2α phosphorylated by overnutrition-induced ER stress and related to development obesity. Here, we studied function (p-eIF2α) in AgRP neurons using mouse model (<em>AgRP</em>eIF2αA/A) with an neuron–specific substitution from Ser 51 Ala eIF2α, which impairs phosphorylation neurons. These...
<p> Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) is a key mediator of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–induced unfolded protein response (UPR). In mammals, eIF2α phosphorylated by overnutrition-induced ER stress and related to development obesity. Here, we studied function (p-eIF2α) in AgRP neurons using mouse model (<em>AgRP</em>eIF2αA/A) with an neuron–specific substitution from Ser 51 Ala eIF2α, which impairs phosphorylation neurons. These...