A5069138741- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Dietary Effects on Health
IMDEA Food
2018-2024
Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús
2015-2024
Instituto de Salud Carlos III
2015-2024
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red
2015-2024
Menéndez Pelayo International University
2003-2024
Hospital Universitario de La Princesa
2012-2024
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
2015-2024
Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies
2018-2024
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
1993-2024
Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition
2014-2024
The neuronal circuits involved in the regulation of feeding behavior and energy expenditure are soft-wired, reflecting relative activity postsynaptic system, including anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing cells arcuate nucleus. We analyzed synaptic input organization melanocortin system lean rats that were vulnerable (DIO) or resistant (DR) to diet-induced obesity. found a distinct difference quantitative qualitative synaptology POMC between DIO DR animals, with significantly...
The present study was designed to explore the relationship between cannabinoid and opioid receptors in animal models of opioid-induced reinforcement. acute administration SR141716A, a selective central CB1 receptor antagonist, blocked heroin self-administration rats, as well morphine-induced place preference morphine mice. Morphine-dependent animals injected with SR141716A exhibited partial opiate-like withdrawal syndrome that had limited consequences on operant responses for food induced...
Abstract In the present work, several experimental approaches were used to determine presence of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) and biological actions its ligand in human brain. situ hybridization histochemistry revealed specific labelling for GLP‐1 mRNA brain areas. addition, GLP‐1R, glucose transporter isoform (GLUT‐2) glucokinase (GK) mRNAs identified same cells, especially areas hypothalamus involved feeding behaviour. GLP‐1R gene expression gave rise a protein 56 kDa as...
Astroglia are targets for estrogen and testosterone apparently involved in the action of sex steroids on brain. Sex hormones induce changes expression glial fibrillary acidic protein, growth astrocytic processes, degree apposition astroglial processes to neuronal membranes rat hypothalamus. These linked modifications number synaptic inputs hypothalamic neurons. findings suggest that astrocytes may participate genesis androgen-induced differences connectivity estrogen-induced plasticity adult...
BCL-2, a protein which negatively modulates apoptosis, is up-regulated by estrogen in several tissues. To determine the effect of estradiol on Bcl-2 adult brain, its immunoreactive distribution was examined hypothalamic arcuate nucleus female rats under different endocrine conditions. The number Bcl-2–immunoreactive neurons significantly increased (p< 0.001) day estrus compared with proestrus, diestrus and metestrus, decreased ovariectomy showed dose–response increase after administration to...
Abstract: This study was designed to determine the possible role of brain glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptors in feeding behavior. In situ hybridization showed colocalization mRNAs for GLP‐1 receptors, glucokinase, and GLUT‐2 third ventricle wall adjacent arcuate nucleus, median eminence, supraoptic nucleus. These areas are considered contain glucose‐sensitive neurons mediating Because GLUT‐2, glucokinase proteins involved multistep process glucose sensing pancreatic β cells, specific...
Glial cells perform critical functions that alter the metabolism and activity of neurons, there is increasing interest in their role appetite energy balance. Leptin, a key regulator metabolism, has previously been reported to influence glial structural proteins morphology. Here, we demonstrate metabolic status leptin also modify astrocyte-specific glutamate glucose transporters, indicating signals synaptic efficacy uptake and, ultimately, neuronal function. We found basal glucose-stimulated...
Research Article22 February 2016Open Access Transparent process Mutations in pregnancy-associated plasma protein A2 cause short stature due to low IGF-I availability Andrew Dauber Cincinnati Center for Growth Disorders, Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA Search more papers by this author María T Muñoz-Calvo Department Pediatrics & Pediatric Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma Madrid,...
Obesity and its associated secondary complications are active areas of investigation in search effective treatments. As a result this intensified research numerous differences between males females at all levels metabolic control have come to the forefront. These include not only amount distribution adipose tissue, but also capacity functions sexes. Here, we review some recent advances our understanding these dimorphisms emphasize fact that must be taken into consideration hopes obtaining...
The molecular basis of a significant number cases isolated growth hormone deficiency remains unknown. We describe three sisters affected with severe and pituitary hypoplasia caused by biallelic mutations in the RNPC3 gene, which codes for minor spliceosome protein required U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) formation splicing U12‐type introns. found anomalies di‐snRNP multiple introns patient cells. Defective transcripts include preprohormone convertases SPCS2 SPCS3...
The treatment for cocaine use constitutes a clinical challenge because of the lack appropriate therapies and high rate relapse. Recent evidence indicates that immune system might be involved in pathogenesis addiction its co-morbid psychiatric disorders. This work examined plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine chemokine profile abstinent users (n = 82) who sought outpatient age/sex/body mass-matched controls 65). Participants were assessed with diagnostic interview Psychiatric Research Interview...
Abstract Sex differences in the incidence, clinical manifestation, disease course, and prognosis of neurological diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders or Alzheimer's disease, have been reported. Obesity has postulated a risk factor for cognitive decline and, during pregnancy, increases offspring. is associated with increased serum brain levels free fatty acids, palmitic acid, which activate microglial cells triggering potent inflammatory cascade. In this study, we determined effect...
Abstract: Evidence that glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) (7–36) amide functions as a novel neuropeptide prompted us to study the gene expression of its receptor in rat brain. Northern blot analysis showed transcripts similar size RINm5F cells, hypothalamus, and brainstem. First‐strand cDNA was prepared by using RNA from brainstem, cells subsequently amplified PCR. Southern PCR products major 1.4‐kb band all these preparations. hypothalamus were cloned, nucleotide sequence one strand identical...
We have studied the GH-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in patients with anorexia nervosa at time of diagnosis and two points during weight recuperation. report their spontaneous GH secretion IGF-I, free IGF-I (fIGF-I), IGF-II, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3), GH-binding protein (GHBP) levels clinical (n = 50) after recuperation between 6–8% 42) 10% or less initial 20). Two distinct groups were seen, those who significantly hypersecreted whose was reduced significantly....
RECENT reports have provided evidence of a link between the endogenous brain cannabinoid system and central opioid systems. Here we report that selective CB1 receptor antagonist SR 141716A induced behavioral endocrine alterations associated with opiate withdrawal in morphine-dependent animals dose-dependent manner naloxone an syndrome made cannabinoid-dependent by repeated administration potent agonist HU-210. Additionally μ-opioid mRNAs were co-localized areas relevant for such as nucleus...
We have studied the GH-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in prepubertal children with exogenous obesity at time of clinical diagnosis and two points during weight reduction on a calorie-restricted diet. Spontaneous GH secretion, IGF-I, free IGF-I (fIGF-I), IGF-II, their binding proteins (IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3), GH-binding protein (GHBP) values (n = 65), after 25% decrease body mass index (BMI) expressed as SD score (BMI score; n 29), diminution least 50% initial BMI 9) are reported....
The influence of gonadal steroids on insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)-like immunoreactivity was assessed in the rat arcuate nucleus, an area hypothalamus that regulates pituitary secretion. IGF-I-like observed hypothalamic cells with morphological aspects tanycytes and astrocytes. surface density immunoreactive glia increased puberty nucleus male female rats, while decreasing age other brain areas. Gender differences were detected adult animals, males androgenized females having...
Since intact adult male rats have higher GH pulse amplitude than do castrated animals and since GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) secretion is predominantly responsible for the production of these pulses, we hypothesized that testosterone stimulates GHRH synthesis in neurons hypothalamus. To test this hypothesis, compared mRNA content individual arcuate (ARC) ventromedial (VMH) nuclei among groups (n = 3), 5), testosterone-replaced 5) rats. Cellular was measured by using semiquantitative situ...