Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) develops as a result of complicated interactions between genetic susceptibility, excessive innate immunity, and environmental factors, which are mainly related to the gut microbiota. The present study aimed elucidate protective effects underlying mechanisms short-chain fatty acid salt, sodium butyrate, on colonic inflammation induced by dextran sulfate (DSS) in mice. Pretreatment with butyrate attenuated colitis, demonstrated decreased activity index (DAI),...

Thymol is a natural antibacterial agent found in the essential oil extracted from thyme, which has been proven to be beneficial food and medicine. Meanwhile, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome autophagy have reported play key roles progression of liver injury. However, effects thymol on NLRP3 protecting remain unclear. The present study used mouse model with injury induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) investigate regulatory mechanisms thymol. We that...

Bacterial endotoxin invasion reduces intestinal barrier functions, such as bacterial translocation and enteric infection. In this study, we investigated whether sodium butyrate (NaB) alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation by reducing damage regulating the microflora. Rats were divided into four groups for intraperitoneal injection of LPSs intragastric gavage with NaB: Con, LPS, LPS + NaB, NaB. The results showed that NaB alleviated villus injury inflammatory infiltration...

Coiled-coil, a basic folding pattern of native proteins, was previously demonstrated to be associated with the specific spatial recognition, association, and dissociation proteins can used perfect engineering peptide model. Thus, in this study, series amphiphiles composed heptads repeats coiled-coil structures constructed, designed peptides exhibited broad spectrum antimicrobial activities. Circular dichroism biological assays showed that heptad length linker between largely influenced...

Thymol (THY) is a phenolic monoterpene compound that has garnered attention due to its various biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulatory effects. The purpose of this study was determine the therapeutic protective effects THY in colitic mice, with particular focus on mechanisms involving gut microbiota. results showed early intervention (40 80 mg/kg) not only alleviated clinical symptoms colonic damage mice dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced...

The gastrointestinal tract forms a robust line of defense against invading pathogens through the production endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are crucial molecules innate system. Tryptophan could modulate intestinal immunity promoting expression AMPs. However, precise mechanism needs to be further clarified. In this study, we show that treatment with tryptophan for 24 h triggers (p < 0.05) porcine β-defensin (pBD) 1 (62.67 ± 3.10 pg/mL) and pBD2 (74.41 1.33 in epithelial cells...

Tryptophan has drawn wide attention due to its involvement in improving intestinal immune defense directly and indirectly by regulating metabolic pathways. The study aims elucidate the potential modulating roles of tryptophan protect against inflammation underlying molecular mechanisms. protective effects are examined lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory model. We first found that markedly (p < 0.01) inhibited proinflammatory cytokines production nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway...

Defensins represent an integral part of the innate immune system to ward off potential pathogens. The study used a rat model investigate mechanisms by which sodium butyrate (NaB) regulates β-defensin inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nephrotoxicity. We found that NaB alleviated LPS-induced renal structural damage, as judged reduced lesions and improved glomerular vascular structure. In addition, elevated levels indicators kidney damage creatinine blood urine nitrogen, inflammatory...

In China, the use of antibiotics growth promoters as feed additives has been banned. The goal raising dairy heifers is to gain a relatively high body weight on high-fiber diet at first mating or calving, thus increasing economic benefits. objective this experiment was explore effects supplemental Clostridium butyricum ( C. ) performance, rumen fermentation and microbiota, blood parameters in Holstein heifers. Twenty [mean ± standard deviation (SD); age = 182 4.20 d, 197.53 5.94 kg, dry...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a promising class of antimicrobial agents that could potentially address the global antibiotic resistance. Generating mirror-like by minimizing dermaseptin family sequences is an effective strategy for designing AMPs. However, previous research still had some limitations such lower effectiveness and narrow spectrum antibacterial activity. To further expand hone this strategy, we designed series AMPs consisting WXMXW-NH2 motif (X represents V, I,...

The study explores the effects of <sc>l</sc>-threonine on regulating β-defensin expression, alleviating LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage and reducing inflammatory cytokine expression in porcine epithelial cell lines (IPEC-J2).

Host defense peptides (HDPs) possess direct antibacterial, antineoplastic, and immunomodulatory abilities, playing a vital role in innate immunity. Dietary-regulated HDP holds immense potential as novel pathway for preventing infection.In this study, we examined the regulation mechanism of HDPs (pEP2C, pBD-1, pBD-3) cytokines (IL-8 IL-18) expression by sodium phenylbutyrate (PBA).The effects PBA on induction involved were studied porcine intestinal epithelial cell lines (IPEC J2).In results...

As a major disease affecting dairy cow production worldwide, bovine mastitis is caused by variety of pathogenic microorganisms that eventually cause mammary gland inflammation. Acremonium terricola culture (ATC) new type affordable feed additive produced the solid fermentation A. isolated from Cordyceps gunnii and exerted its anti-inflammatory effect.To evaluate protective effects ATC on investigate active mechanism, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat model was used in two experiments.In...

Abstract Background: Long or short-term high-fat diets often lead to adverse effects in the body, such as metabolic disorders, changes intestinal flora, and even cause inflammation. It also increases risk of developing diseases like dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), fatty liver disease. The inflammatory links between a diet are currently unknown entirely. (-) - Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), major bioactive chemical substance extracted from green tea, is well-established...

Poor protease stability is an urgent problem to be solved in the clinical application of AMPs, yet common solutions, such as complicated chemical modifications and use D-amino acids, greatly increase difficulty cost producing AMPs. A series novel peptides was synthesized base on anti-enzymatic hydrolysis peptide structure unit (XYPX) n (X represents I, L V; Y R K) this study, which designed using a systematic natural amino acid arrangement. Of these peptides, R7I with 7 repeat units had...