Many patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have spontaneous periods of stable flow limited breathing during without respiratory events or arousals. In addition, OSA is often more severe REM than NREM and stage 2 slow wave (SWS). The physiological mechanisms for these observations are unknown. Thus we aimed to determine whether the activity two upper airway dilator muscles (genioglossus tensor palatini) end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) differ between (1) spontaneously occurring...

In this paper, two modern adaptive signal processing techniques, empirical intrinsic geometry and synchrosqueezing transform, are applied to quantify different dynamical features of the respiratory electroencephalographic signals. We show that proposed theoretically rigorously supported, as well capture sleep information hidden inside The used input multiclass support vector machines with radial basis function automatically classify stages. effectiveness classification based on is shown be...

Abstract Influenza is one of the most common human respiratory diseases, and represents a serious public health concern. However, high mutability influenza viruses has hampered vaccine development, resistant strains to existing anti-viral drugs have also emerged. Novel anti-influenza therapies are urgently needed, in this study, we describe properties Spirulina ( Arthrospira platensis ) cold water extract. Anti-viral effects previously been reported for extracts specific substances derived...

Physiologically, the thoracic (THO) and abdominal (ABD) movement signals, captured using wearable piezo-electric bands, provide information about various types of apnea, including central sleep apnea (CSA) obstructive (OSA). However, use wearables in detecting events has been seldom explored literature. This study possibility identifying events, OSA CSA, by solely analyzing one or both THO ABD signals. An adaptive non-harmonic model was introduced to which allows us design features for...

Polyethylenimine (PEI) is one of the most potent synthetic gene delivery vectors because its high transfection efficiency. Although PEI has been used as a vehicle for long while, toxicity always an issue clinical applications. In this study, we introduced low molecular weight 10 kilodaltons to chondroitin sulfate (CS) via Michael addition method. By adjusting ratios between cationic and anionic CS, intermolecular or intramolecular, both, electrostatic interactions CS-modified (CP) maintained...

MicroRNA-128 (miR-128) is an attractive therapeutic molecule with powerful glioblastoma regulation properties.

Objective: Fluctuations in heart rate are intimately related to changes the physiological state of organism. We exploit this relationship by classifying a human participant's wake/sleep status using his instantaneous (IHR) series. Approach: use convolutional neural network (CNN) build features from IHR series extracted whole-night electrocardiogram (ECG) and predict every 30 s whether participant is awake or asleep. Our training database consists 56 normal participants, we consider three...

Persistent homology is a recently developed theory in the field of algebraic topology to study shapes datasets. It an effective data analysis tool that robust noise and has been widely applied. We demonstrate general pipeline apply persistent time series, particularly instantaneous heart rate series for variability (HRV) analysis. The first step capturing from two different aspects—the homologies hence persistence diagrams its sub-level set Taken's lag map. Second, we propose systematic...

Combining upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and UV-sensitive polymers to form a smart drug delivery system (DDS) is promising strategy circumvent drawbacks of direct UV excitation in clinical applications. This study tuned up core-shell UCNPs with shell thickness 6 nm emission wavelength falling the ultraviolet region at 350 under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation 980 nm. An amphiphilic block copolymer UV-responsive o-nitrobenzyl ester (ONB) next glutathione (GSH)-responsive disulfide...

This study explores the development of a deep learning model using neck-wearable piezoelectric sensor to accurately distinguish severe sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) from habitual snoring, addressing underdiagnosis SAS in adults. From 2018 2020, 60 adult snorers underwent polysomnography while wearing neck that recorded snoring vibrations (70-250 Hz) and carotid artery pulsations (0.01-1.5 Hz). The initial dataset comprised 1167 silence, 1304 399 noise samples 20 participants. Using hybrid...

The objective was to evaluate the responsiveness of upper airway muscles hypercapnia with and without intrapharyngeal negative pressure during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep wakefulness.We assessed genioglossal muscle response CO2 off on continuous positive (CPAP) (to attenuate pressure) stable NREM wakefulness in supine position.Laboratory Sleep Medicine Division, Brigham Women's Hospital.Eleven normal healthy subjects.During sleep, we measured electromyography (EMG) CPAP at eupneic...

Background Annoying snore is the principle symptom and problem in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). However, investigation has been hampered by complex snoring sound analyses. Objective This study was aimed to investigate energy types of full-night sounds patients with OSAS. Patients Method Twenty male OSAS underwent recording throughout 6 hours in-lab overnight polysomnogragphy. Snoring were processed analyzed a new analytic program, named as Snore Map®. We transformed 6-hour power...

Abstract Snoring sounds generated by different vibrators of the upper airway may be useful indicators obstruction sites in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). This study aimed to investigate associations between snoring sounds, sites, and surgical responses (≥50% reduction apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] <10 events/hour) OSAHS. prospective cohort recruited 36 OSAHS for 6-hour sound recordings during in-lab full-night polysomnography, drug-induced endoscopy (DISE),...

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a widely used chemotherapy drug; however, frequent use causes multidrug resistance (MDR), which limits the utility of PTX against advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PTX-resistant subline (NCI-H23-TXR) was established in vitro by exposing NCI-H23 cells to gradually increased concentrations culture medium. Distinct Beclin expression autophagy level observed between resistant NCI-H23-TXR and parental cells. Beclin-small interfering RNA (siRNA) selected restore...

Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by repeated airflow partial reduction or complete cessation due to upper airway collapse during sleep. OSAHS can induce frequent awake and intermittent hypoxia that associated with hypertension cardiovascular events. Full-channel Polysomnography (PSG) the gold standard for diagnosing OSAHS; however, this PSG evaluation process unsuitable home screening. To solve problem, a measuring module integrating abdominal thoracic...

Abstract Polyelectrolyte complexes have been widely studied as gene carriers in recent years. In this study, poly (ethylene imine) was grafted onto chitosan (PEI‐ g ‐CHI) a nonviral carrier order to improve the water solubility well inherent transfection efficiency of chitosan. We present novel method conjugate amine or hydroxyl groups (CHI) and PEI through opening epoxide rings ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EX‐810), which also brings merits mentioned PEGylation chemistry. The degree...

Low transfection efficiency is always an issue when cationic polymers are used as a nonviral gene vector in the physiological condition, especially presence of proteins. A magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) may be alternative to solve this problem because field can help attract MNP and internalize it into cells. The aim study was determine potency polyethylenimine (PEI)-decorated MNPs for efficiently complexing delivering plasmid DNA vitro with field. PEI associated poly(acrylic acid)-bound...

Abstract Surgical success for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) depends on identifying sites of obstruction in the upper airway. In this study, we investigated by evaluating dynamic changes airway using drug-induced computed tomography (DI-SCT) patients with OSA. Thirty-five adult OSA were prospectively enrolled. Sleep was induced propofol under light sedation (bispectral index 70–75), and low-dose 320-detector row CT performed 10 seconds over a span 2–3 respiratory cycles supporting continuous...

A novel dual-stimuli cleavable linker containing adjacent UV light-sensitive o-nitrobenzyl ester and GSH-responsive disulfide bonds was first designed synthesized to increase the responsivity external stimuli. The functionalized then utilized prepare a dual-responsive amphiphilic block copolymer using ring-opening polymerization atom transfer radical polymerization. formed micelle in an aqueous solution showed responses including photo-mediated cleavage under light irradiation at 365 nm as...

Similar numbers of repeating units PCL and pDMAEMA were controlled between L-PCL-PDMAEMA S-PCL-PDMAEMA. DOX-loaded S-PCL-PDMAEMA micelles showed a better cell-killing effect than in four cell lines. The co-delivery DOX pDNA was confirmed by CLSM.