A5074187988- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Sex work and related issues
- Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Advanced Statistical Methods and Models
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications
- Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2016-2025
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2025
National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention
2010-2024
The Centers
2016
Emory University
2015
National Cancer Institute
1997-2008
Center for Cancer Research
2001-2008
National Institutes of Health
1999-2008
Unity Health System
2007
University of California, San Francisco
2007
Simulating Random Numbers from a Uniform Distribution * Quality of Number Generation Quasirandom Transformations Deviates: General Methods Specific Distributions Samples, Permutations, and Stochastic Processes Monte Carlo Software for Studies in Statistics
Timothy Thomas and colleagues report the results of Kisumu breastfeeding study (Kenya), a single-arm trial that assessed feasibility safety triple-antiretroviral regimen to suppress maternal HIV load in late pregnancy.
Undiagnosed HIV infection results in delayed access to treatment and increased transmission. Self-tests for may increase awareness of among men who have sex with (MSM).To evaluate the effect providing self-tests on frequency testing, diagnoses infection, sexual risk behaviors.This 12-month longitudinal, 2-group randomized clinical trial recruited MSM through online banner advertisements from March August 2015. Those were at least 18 years age, reported engaging anal past year, never tested...
The use of thalidomide as an antiangiogenic agent has met with only limited success in the treatment malignant gliomas. On basis preclinical data demonstrating synergistic antitumor activity when agents are combined cytotoxic agents, we explored clinical combination and carmustine (BCNU) patients recurrent high-grade gliomas.Patients a histologic diagnosis glioma radiographic evidence tumor progression after standard surgery, radiation, chemotherapy were eligible for study. Patients received...
Sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention remains a public health priority. Simple, practical interventions to reduce STD incidence that can be easily and inexpensively administered in high-volume clinical settings are needed. We evaluated whether brief video, which contained messages targeted all patients the waiting room, reduced acquisition of new infections after clinic visit.
Background: There is a lack of effective behavioral interventions for HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs). We sought to evaluate the efficacy an intervention reduce sexual and transmission risk behaviors increase utilization medical care adherence HIV medications among this population. Methods: IDUs (n = 966) recruited in 4 US cities were randomly assigned 10-session peer mentoring or 8-session video discussion (control condition). Participants completed audio computer-assisted...
Anesthetic-induced hepatitis is thought to have an immune-mediated basis, in part because many patients who develop serum autoantibodies that react with specific hepatic proteins. The present study shows pediatric anesthesiologists also these autoantibodies. Moreover, levels of are higher than those general anesthesiologists. We collected sera from 105 and 53 (including 3 nurse anesthetists), 20 halothane patients, control individuals were never exposed inhaled anesthetics. Serum cytochrome...
The number of strategies to prevent HIV transmission has increased following trials evaluating antiretroviral therapy (ART), preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and male circumcision. Serodiscordant couples need guidance on the effects these alone, in combination with each other, transmission.We estimated sexual risk over 1-year 10-year periods among male-male male-female serodiscordant couples. We assumed reductions transmission: 80% from consistent condom use; 54% circumcision negative partner...
Understanding protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection by vaccine and hybrid immunity is important for informing public health strategies as new variants emerge. We analyzed data from three cohort studies spanning September 1, 2022-July 31, 2023, to estimate COVID-19 effectiveness (VE) symptomatic among adults with without prior in the United States. Participants collected weekly nasal swabs, irrespective of symptoms, annual blood draws, completed periodic surveys, which included vaccination...
Background Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine (NVP) reduces the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission but also induces viral resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) drugs. This drug largely fades over time. We hypothesized that women with a prior NVP exposure would have no more than 10% higher cumulative prevalence failure their NNRTI-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) first 48 wk without exposure. Methods Findings enrolled 355 NVP-exposed...
Background: Use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been linked to dyslipidemia and increased risk cardiovascular disease (CVD) in HIV-infected patients industrialized countries. The effects HAART on lipid metabolism among sub-Saharan Africans, for whom access is expanding, remain largely unknown. Methods: From July 2003 May 2004, 987 antiretroviral-naive with symptomatic HIV or a CD4 count <250 cells/mm3 were started the Home-Based AIDS Care (HBAC) Program Tororo, Uganda....
Background Preventing unintended pregnancies among HIV-positive women through family planning (FP) reduces pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality, decreases the number of pediatric HIV infections, has also proven to be a cost-effective way prevent mother-to-child transmission. A key element comprehensive prevention agenda, aimed at avoiding pregnancies, is recognizing attitudes towards FP their spouse or partner. In this study, we analyze HIV-infected pregnant enrolled in PMTCT clinical...
HIV prevalence among state prison inmates in the United States is more than five times higher nonincarcerated persons, but transmission within U.S. prisons sparsely documented. We investigated 88 seroconversions reported from 1988-2005 male Georgia inmates.We analyzed medical and administrative data to describe seroconverters' testing histories performed a case-crossover analysis of their risks before after diagnosis. sequenced gag, env, pol genes strains identify genetically-related...
Anesthetic-induced hepatitis is thought to have an immune-mediated basis, in part because many patients who develop serum autoantibodies that react with specific hepatic proteins. The present study shows pediatric anesthesiologists also these autoantibodies. Moreover, levels of are higher than those general anesthesiologists. We collected sera from 105 and 53 (including 3 nurse anesthetists), 20 halothane patients, control individuals were never exposed inhaled anesthetics. Serum cytochrome...
Early mortality rates after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) are high in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined whether serum chemistries at ART initiation predicted among HIV-infected women. From May 2005 to January 2007, we enrolled women a prospective cohort study Zambia and Kenya. used Cox proportional hazards models identify risk factors associated with mortality. Among 661 women, 53 (8%) died during the first year of ART, tuberculosis was most common cause death (32%). Women were more...
Three cases of pediatric HIV transmission attributed to the feeding practice premasticating food for children have been reported. The degree risk that premastication poses and prevalence this behavior among HIV-infected caregivers is unknown.During December 2009 February 2010, we conducted a case-control investigation late-diagnosed infection in at 6 clinics using in-person telephone interviews. A cross-sectional was concert with investigation.We compared 11 case-patients 35 HIV-exposed...