A5046708357- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Respiratory viral infections research
The Pirbright Institute
2013-2025
The Francis Crick Institute
2024-2025
University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2024
National Institute for Health Research
2024
University College London
2024
Compton Community College District
2013
Abstract There is need for effective and affordable vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 to tackle the ongoing pandemic. In this study, we describe a protein nanoparticle vaccine SARS-CoV-2. The based on display of coronavirus spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RBD) synthetic virus-like particle (VLP) platform, SpyCatcher003-mi3, using SpyTag/SpyCatcher technology. Low doses RBD-SpyVLP in prime-boost regimen induce strong neutralising antibody response mice pigs that superior convalescent...
SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late 2019, leading to the Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that continues cause significant global mortality human populations. Given its sequence similarity SARS-CoV, as well related coronaviruses circulating bats, SARS-CoV-2 is thought have originated Chiroptera species China. However, whether virus spread directly humans or through an intermediate host currently unclear, potential for this infect companion animals, livestock, and wildlife could...
Abstract Clinical development of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, a replication-deficient simian adenoviral vector expressing full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein was initiated in April 2020 following non-human primate studies using single immunisation. Here, we compared immunogenicity one or two doses nCoV-19 both mice and pigs. Whilst dose induced antigen-specific antibody T cells responses, booster immunisation enhanced particularly pigs, with significant increase...
The spike (S) glycoprotein of the avian gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is comprised two subunits (S1 and S2), has a role in virulence vivo, responsible for cellular tropism vitro We have previously demonstrated that replacement S ectodomain from avirulent Beaudette strain IBV with corresponding region virulent M41-CK resulted recombinant virus, BeauR-M41(S), cell M41-CK. able to replicate both primary chick kidney cells Vero cells, whereas replicates only. In order...
The avian Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes major economic losses in the poultry industry as aetiological agent of bronchitis, a highly contagious respiratory disease chickens. IBV to industries across globe and is concern for global food security. vaccines are currently produced by serial passage, typically 80 100 times chicken embryonated eggs (CEE) achieve attenuation unknown molecular mechanisms. Vaccines this manner present risk reversion often few consensus...
ABSTRACT Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the etiological agent of infectious bronchitis, an acute highly contagious economically important disease chickens. Vaccination uses live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) that are generated via serial passage a virulent field isolate through embryonated hens’ eggs, typically 80–100 times. The molecular basis attenuation unknown and varies with each procedure. To investigate specifically targeted attenuation, we utilized reverse genetics to target...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019, leading to the COVID-19 pandemic that continues cause significant global mortality human populations. Given its sequence similarity SARS-CoV, as well related coronaviruses circulating bats, is thought have originated Chiroptera species China. However, whether virus spread directly humans or through an intermediate host currently unclear, potential for this infect companion animals, livestock and wildlife could act viral reservoirs. Using a...
ABSTRACT There is dire need for an effective and affordable vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 to tackle the ongoing pandemic. In this study, we describe a modular virus-like particle candidate displaying spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RBD) using SpyTag/SpyCatcher technology (RBD-SpyVLP). Low doses of RBD-SpyVLP in prime-boost regimen induced strong neutralising antibody response mice pigs that was superior convalescent human sera. We evaluated quality ACE2 blocking neutralisation cell...
Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular response to starvation that leads the degradation of organelles and long-lived proteins in lysosomes important for homeostasis, tissue development as defense against aggregated proteins, damaged infectious agents. Although autophagy has been studied many animal species, reagents study avian systems are lacking. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (MAP1LC3/LC3) an marker used follow autophagosome formation. Here we report cloning LC3...
The Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the etiological agent of bronchitis, an acute, highly contagious, economically important disease poultry. Vaccination achieved using a mixture live attenuated vaccines for young chicks and inactivated as boosters laying hens.
Coronavirus sub-genomic mRNA (sgmRNA) synthesis occurs via a process of discontinuous transcription involving complementary regulatory sequences (TRSs), one (TRS-L) encompassing the leader sequence 5′ untranslated region (UTR), and other upstream each structural accessory gene (TRS-B). Several coronaviruses have an ORF located between N 3′-UTR, area previously thought to be non-coding in Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) due lack canonical TRS-B. Here, we identify...
Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the etiological agent of bronchitis, an acute highly contagious economically relevant respiratory disease poultry. Vaccination used to control IBV infections, with live-attenuated vaccines generated via serial passage a virulent field isolate through embryonated hens' eggs. A fine balance must be achieved between attenuation and retention immunogenicity. The exact molecular mechanism unknown, produced in this manner present risk...
The Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious economically important respiratory pathogen of domestic fowl. Reverse genetics allows for the molecular study pathogenic determinants to enable rational vaccine design. recombinant IBV (rIBV) Beau-R, clone apathogenic Beaudette strain, has previously been investigated as platform. To determine tissues in which Beau-R could effectively deliver antigenic genes, an vivo chickens, natural host, was used compare pattern...
Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes an economically important respiratory disease of poultry. Protective immunity is associated with the major structural protein, spike (S) glycoprotein, which induces neutralising antibodies and defines serotype. Cross-protective between serotypes limited can be difficult to predict. In this study, ability two recombinant IBV vaccine candidates, BeauR-M41(S) BeauR-4/91(S), induce cross-protection against a third serotype, QX, was...
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an economically important coronavirus, causing damaging losses to the poultry industry worldwide as causative agent of infectious bronchitis. The coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein a large type I membrane protein protruding from surface virion, which facilitates attachment and entry into host cells. IBV S cleaved two subunits, S1 S2, latter has been identified determinant cellular tropism. Recent studies expressing proteins in mammalian insect cells have...
Abstract Clinical development of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, a replication-deficient simian adenoviral vector expressing full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein was initiated in April 2020 following non-human primate studies using single immunisation. Here, we compared immunogenicity one or two doses nCoV-19 both mice and pigs. Whilst dose induced antigen-specific antibody T cells responses, booster immunisation enhanced particularly pigs, with significant increase...
The Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes a highly contagious and economically important respiratory disease in poultry. In the laboratory, most IBV strains are restricted to replication ex vivo organ cultures or ovo do not replicate cell culture, making study of their basic virology difficult. Entry into cells is facilitated by large glycoprotein on surface virion, spike (S) protein, comprised S1 S2 subunits. Previous research showed that S2′ cleavage site responsible...
Abstract Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants require rapid assessments of pathogenicity and evasion existing immunity to inform policy. A crucial component these is accurate estimation serum neutralising antibody titres using cultured live virus isolates. Here, we report our updated culture methods for Omicron sub-variant JN.1 Caco-2 cells the subsequent evaluation (nAbTs) in recipients BNT162b2-XBB.1.5 monovalent Ancestral/BA.5 containing bivalent vaccines. We compared either Vero V1 or cells,...
Abstract Influenza remains a significant threat to human and animal health. Assessing serological protection against influenza has relied upon haemagglutinin inhibition assays, which are used gauge existing immune landscapes, seasonal vaccine decisions in systems vaccinology studies. Here, we adapt our high-throughput live virus microneutralisation assay for SARS-CoV-2, benchmark report responsiveness cohort of older (>65yo) community dwelling adults (n=73), after the adjuvanted 2021-22...