A5062049242- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Phytochemistry and Bioactive Compounds
- Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Infant Health and Development
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
Tsumura Research Institute (Japan)
2011-2021
Carnegie Corporation of New York
2019
Ford Foundation
2019
Institute of International Education
2019
Shiga University of Medical Science
2010
City University of New York
2001-2003
Lehman College
2003
Meijo University
1989-1996
International Drug Development
1995
Cancer anorexia–cachexia syndrome is characterized by decreased food intake, weight loss, muscle tissue wasting and psychological distress, this a major source of increased morbidity mortality in cancer patients. This study aimed to clarify the gut–brain peptides involved pathogenesis determine effective treatment for anorexia–cachexia. We show that both ghrelin insufficiency resistance were observed tumor-bearing rats. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plasma level acyl ghrelin, its...
Although chemotherapy with cisplatin is a widely used and effective cancer treatment, the undesirable gastrointestinal side effects associated it, such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, markedly decrease patients’ quality of life. To elucidate mechanism underlying chemotherapy-induced focusing on hypothalamic ghrelin secretion-anorexia association, we measured secretion in fasted cisplatin-treated rats. Hypothalamic changes after vagotomy or administration cisplatin. Cisplatin + rikkunshito,...
<h3>Background</h3> We investigated whether corpus atrophic gastritis worsens in Mongolian gerbils (MGs) after long-term administration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI). MGs are an excellent model for studying <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-related and adenocarcinoma. <h3>Methods</h3> were separated into four groups (n =15/group); <i>H pylori</i> (ATCC43504) was inoculated the OPZ(omeprazole)+Hp (<i>H pylori</i>) Hp groups, a PPI (OPZ) administered to OPZ+Hp OPZ control group received no...
Abstract What is foreign aid? This deceptively simple question has not been adequately addressed because aid scholars have tended to emphasize practitioners' concerns and thus favoured the conceptualization of in terms security or development policy objectives. article attempts reconceptualize a larger systemic context international relations, focusing first on nature conditions key social relation involved practice then specifying its functions effects. It argues that what most clearly...
We hypothesized that anorexia induced by novelty stress caused exposure to a novel environment may be due activation of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and subsequently mediated decreasing peripheral ghrelin concentration via serotonin (5-HT) melanocortin-4 receptors (MC4R). Each mouse was transferred from group-housed cages individual establish the stress. observed effect changes in feeding behavior using method transferring mice cages. investigated an intracerebroventricular injection...
In what sense can foreign aid be understood as a moral practice? Is there any empirical substance to this claim? This article reconceptualises type of in which claim is most plausible – grants by multilateral agencies contemporary form beneficence , trans-historical phenomenon. Drawing on Aristotelian virtue ethics, it identifies such donations practice with deep roots Western history. analysis substantiates view the relations between states that goes beyond simple notion reciprocity...
Aging is associated with decreased food intake, a phenomenon termed the anorexia of aging. In this study, we sought to clarify changes in peripheral and central appetite-related factors aged mice. Furthermore, investigated effects rikkunshito, traditional Japanese medicine, on age-related anorexia. C57BL/6J mice that were 6 or 75 wk old studied. We ghrelin leptin levels, expression genes age. addition, verified ghrelin, phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3), phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors...
Although it is known that urocortin 1 (UCN) acts on both corticotropin-releasing factor receptors (CRF(1) and CRF(2)), the mechanisms underlying UCN-induced anorexia remain unclear. In contrast, ghrelin, endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor, stimulates food intake. present study, we examined effects of CRF(1) CRF(2) receptor antagonists (CRF(1)a CRF(2)a) ghrelin secretion synthesis, c-fos mRNA expression in caudal brain stem, intake following intracerebroventricular...
Objective . Bokusoku (BK) is an extract from the Quercus cortex used in folk medicine for treatment of skin disorders and convergence, present jumihaidokuto , a traditional Japanese that prescribed purulent diseases like acne vulgaris. The excess sebum production induced by androgen involved development acne. Our aim to examine whether BK its constituents inhibit testosterone metabolism testosterone-induced synthesis. Methods Measurements 5 α -reductase activity lipogenesis were performed...
Cancer cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial disease characterized by decreased food intake and loss of body weight due to reduced musculature with or without fat mass. Patients gastric cancer have high incidence cachexia. We previously established novel CC rat model induced human cancer-derived 85As2 cells in order examine the pathophysiology identify potential therapeutics. In patients CC, anorexia often observed, despite elevation ghrelin, suggesting that ghrelin resistance may develop these...
Background Rikkunshito, a traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine, has been used to treat upper gastrointestinal disorders such as functional dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux. This study investigated the exposure pharmacokinetics of ingredients rikkunshito in healthy volunteers. Methods Results First, an exploratory nonrandomized, open-label, one-period, noncrossover using four volunteers detect 32 typical plasma urine. As result, 18 or 21 was detected urine samples after oral...
We investigated the effect of acteoside in comparison with that cyclosporin A on leukocyte accumulation glomeruli rats crescentic-type anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis. Acteoside given p.o. at a dose 30 mg/kg once day for 15 consecutive days after treatment anti-GBM serum markedly suppressed urinary protein as well glomerular histological changes. 5 or total leukocytes, ED-1-positive cells (monocyles/macrophages), CD4-positive cells, CD8-positive...
Effects of acetoside (ACT) on crescentic-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats were investigated. When treated with ACT from the 1st day after i.v. injection serum, inhibited elevation protein excretion into urine. In ACT-treated rats, cholesterol and creatinine contents antibody production against rabbit gamma-globulin plasmas lower than those nephritic control rats. Histological observation demonstrated that this agent suppressed hypercellularity incidence crescent formation, adhesion capillary...
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is often associated with decreased upper gastrointestinal motility, and ghrelin an appetite-stimulating hormone known to increase motility. We investigated whether signaling impaired in rats GERD studied its involvement was induced surgically Wistar rats. Rats were injected intravenously (3 nmol/rat), after which gastric emptying, food intake, gastroduodenal growth (GH) release investigated. Furthermore, plasma levels the expression of ghrelin-related...
Psychological stress due to social isolation is known cause abnormal feeding behaviors, but the influences of gender and aging on subchronic stress-induced changes in behaviors are unknown. Thus, we examined body weight, food intake, orexigenic ghrelin-related factors during 2 weeks young aged mice. Food intake increased significantly mice group compared with group-housed control throughout experimental period. This isolation-induced increase was not observed In mice, there were no...
Abstract Background Physical or psychological stress causes functional disorders in the upper gastrointestinal tract. This study aims to elucidate ameliorating effect of exogenous acylated ghrelin rikkunshito, a Kampo medicine which acts as enhancer, on gastric dysfunction during acute restraint mice. Methods Fasted and postprandial motor function antrum was wirelessly measured using strain gauge force transducer solid emptying detected mice exposed stress. Plasma corticosterone levels were...
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical syndrome consisting of acute respiratory failure associated with extensive pulmonary infiltrates. The pathological characterization ALI includes injuries alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), neutrophilic infiltration, and increases in proinflammatory cytokines, which cause destruction the capillary barrier subsequent devastating fibrosis. Rikkunshito (RKT), traditional Japanese herbal medicine, widely used for treatment patients gastrointestinal symptoms...