A5067274757- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Infant Health and Development
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Gut microbiota and health
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
- Sports Performance and Training
Tsumura Research Institute (Japan)
2014-2024
Pancreas Centre (Canada)
2018
Kagoshima University
2008-2016
Taipei Veterans General Hospital
2013
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2009
Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
1989-1997
Nagoya Institute of Technology
1987-1994
Cancer anorexia–cachexia syndrome is characterized by decreased food intake, weight loss, muscle tissue wasting and psychological distress, this a major source of increased morbidity mortality in cancer patients. This study aimed to clarify the gut–brain peptides involved pathogenesis determine effective treatment for anorexia–cachexia. We show that both ghrelin insufficiency resistance were observed tumor-bearing rats. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plasma level acyl ghrelin, its...
Caloric restriction (CR) is known to retard aging and delay functional decline as well the onset of diseases in most organisms. Ghrelin secreted from stomach response CR regulates energy metabolism. We hypothesized that ghrelin has a role protecting aging-related diseases. examined physiological mechanisms underlying system during process three mouse strains with different genetic biochemical backgrounds animal models accelerated or normal human aging. The elevated plasma concentration was...
The chemical oxidative conversion of creatinine (Cr) into methylguanidine (MG) has been followed by 'H-NMR and HPLC. By using active oxygen species generated Fenton's reagent (Fe2+ H2O2) or the similar (Fe3+ H2O2), creatol (CTL), a metabolite newly isolated from urine uremic patients, creatones A B were experimentally detected in reaction mixture implicated as successive intermediates pathway CR to MG. An alternative oxidation Cr demethylcreatinine (glycocyamidine) was also observed....
Detailed electromyographic (EMG) analysis of primarily triceps brachii muscle was carried out on subjects who performed 100 repeated and exhaustive stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) exercises a special sledge apparatus incorporating force plate. The fatigue contractions were submaximal levels but the before-after comparison included also maximal "drop jumps" as well falls to floor. SSC caused clear reduction in mechanical performance capacity muscles. EMG revealed that integrated (IEMG)...
Daikenchuto (DKT) has positive therapeutic effects on improving various gastrointestinal disorders. The present study investigated whether or not DKT a potential effect chemotherapy-induced acute small intestinal mucositis (CIM) in rat model.Intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg methotrexate (MTX) every 3 days for total doses was used induction CIM model. MTX and DKT-MTX groups were injected with as above from the first day, administered 2.7% via diet at same time. rats euthanized day 15.The...
An unusual feature of valine catabolism is a reaction in which an intermediate its catabolic pathway, (S)-3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA, hydrolyzed to give the free acid and CoA-SH. The enzyme responsible for this reaction, 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase (EC 3.1.2.4), was purified 7200-fold from rat liver study. consists single polypeptide with M(r) 36,000 native denatured forms. highly specific (S)-3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA (Km, 6 25 microM, respectively) optimal activity...
To compare endocrine, metabolic, and inflammatory changes induced by gastric bypass (GB) sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), to investigate the mechanisms of success after metabolic surgery. Sixteen GB 16 SG were followed up before at 1 year The 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed Glucose homeostasis, serum interleukin-1β, plasma gut hormones adipokines, United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) ten-year cardiovascular risks...
EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are mainly used to treat non-small cell lung cancer; however, adverse effects such as severe diarrhea represent a major obstacle towards the continuation of EGFR-TKIs therapy. Chloride channels, which control fluid flow in intestinal lumen, proposed an important target remediate EGFR-TKIs-induced diarrhea, but mechanism remains unclear. The aim this study was clarify underlying with particular focus on role chloride channels. Here, we show that...
Intron retention (IR) is an important regulatory mechanism that affects gene expression and protein functions. Using klotho mice at the pre-symptomatic state, we discovered retained-introns accumulated in several organs including liver among these retained introns a subset was recovered to normal state by Japanese traditional herbal medicine. This first report of IR recovery IR-recovered genes fell into two categories: those involved liver-specific metabolism splicing. Metabolome analysis...
Malnutrition impairs basic daily activities and leads to physical frailty, which is aggravated in the elderly compared with young adults. It also well-known that are more vulnerable metabolic stress. Therefore, this study, using a food restricted (FR) mouse, we aimed evaluate effect of aging on locomotor activity liver function. Further, investigated involvement hepatic mitochondria function during aging, as well therapeutic benefit traditional Japanese medicine, hochuekkito (HET). Our...
Muscle atrophy is commonly observed during cisplatin chemotherapy, leading to a reduced QOL in cancer patients. Reduced skeletal muscle mass caused by treatment results from the activation of ubiquitin ligases-Atrogin-1 and MuRF1, but precise mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated possible involvement mitochondrial dysfunction, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ATP production, cisplatin-induced atrophy. Skeletal C2C12 myotubes were treated with...
To evaluate the effects of physical training on mitochondrial gene expression and biogenesis in slow-twitch muscle, adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were trained for 3, 6, 12 wk by running a motor-driven treadmill (speed 25 m/min duration 90 min/day, 5 days/wk), activities citrate synthase, ubiquinol-cytochrome-c oxidoreductase, cytochrome oxidase, b mRNA (by Northern blot analysis), DNA slot-blot Southern analyses) measured rat soleus muscle. A probe detection was prepared from 1,500-bp...
Opioid receptor stimulants are analgesics used in patients with and without cancer; however, they often cause constipation, resulting poor adherence deterioration of the quality life. Hence, suitable treatments for constipation required. In this study, we investigated pharmacological mechanisms action mashiningan (MNG), a Kampo medicine to treat evaluated effect MNG on opioid-induced rats. (100 or 300 mg/kg) was orally administered normal codeine phosphate (CPH)-induced rats, its basis fecal...
Abstract Background The traditional Japanese herbal medicine, daikenchuto (DKT), has been used to treat constipation and postoperative ileus. However, the precise mechanisms involved in pharmacological effects of DKT remain uncertain. aim this study was clarify effect on motor patterns transit activity isolated rat colon. Methods entire colon or segments proximal rats were placed Krebs solution. motility evaluated by analyzing spatiotemporal maps diameter derived from video imaging measuring...
Changes in the intestinal microbiota are known to occur constipated patients. Dietary fiber restriction presents obstacles appropriate defecation and affects fecal properties, but relationship between morphological properties remains obscure. Therefore, we examined influence of diets on microbiome rats, effectiveness Japanese traditional medicine Junchoto (JCT) rats with deficit-induced constipation. Rats were fed three different varying cellulose contents (0 %, FFD; 5 ND; 15 HFD),...
Abstract Background Functional dyspepsia ( FD ) is one of the most common disorders gastrointestinal GI diseases. However, no curable treatment available for because detailed mechanism dysfunction in stressed conditions remains unclear. We aimed to clarify association between endogenous acylated ghrelin signaling and gastric motor explore possibility a drug with signal‐enhancing action treatment. Methods Solid emptying GE plasma levels were evaluated an urocortin1 UCN 1) ‐induced stress...
Cancer cachexia, which is characterized by decreased food intake, weight loss and systemic inflammation, increases patient’s morbidity mortality. We previously showed that rikkunshito (RKT), a Japanese traditional herbal medicine (Kampo), ameliorated the symptoms of cancer cachexia through ghrelin signaling-dependent independent pathways. To investigate other mechanisms RKT action in we performed metabolome analysis plasma rat model bearing Yoshida AH-130 hepatoma. A total 110 metabolites...
Secondary lymphedema occurs after cancer surgery involving lymph node dissection owing to the lymphatic system dysfunction. However, pathophysiology of and molecular pathways involved remain unknown. This study aimed develop a rat hindlimb model investigate mechanisms that drive effects traditional Japanese medicine goreisan on lymphedema. The was induced by combination surgeries popliteal dissection, skin cautery incision, fascial ablation coagulation in right using male Wistar rats. foot...
Each of creatinine (Cr), guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) and arginine (Arg) was administered intraperitoneally to rats with renal failure, the levels methylguanidine (MG) in serum, liver, kidney, muscle urine were determined at certain intervals. The MG after Cr administration increased markedly time. amount total 24 h estimated be 114 μg/100 g body weight, which accounted for 0.46% dose. In contrast, changes GAA or Arg only slight comparison those administration. Thus, proved produced mainly from Cr.