A5050933698- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Urban Green Space and Health
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
2015-2024
Theological Seminary Bienenberg
2022
Universität Hamburg
2022
Laboratoire d'Aérologie
2011
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2011
Paul Scherrer Institute
2003-2005
From neutral to new Many of the particles in troposphere are formed situ, but what fraction all tropospheric do they constitute and how exactly made? Bianchi et al. report results from a high-altitude research station. Roughly half were newly by condensation highly oxygenated multifunctional compounds. A combination laboratory results, field measurements, model calculations revealed that nucleation is more than 10 times faster ion-induced nucleation, particle growth rates size-dependent,...
Abstract. The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART in its original version the mid-1990s was designed for calculating long-range and mesoscale of hazardous substances from point sources, such as those released after an accident a nuclear power plant. Over past decades, has evolved into comprehensive tool multi-scale atmospheric transport modeling analysis attracted global user community. Its application fields have been extended to large range gases aerosols, e.g., greenhouse gases,...
Abstract. The April–May, 2010 volcanic eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland caused significant economic and social disruption in Europe whilst state the art measurements ash dispersion forecasts were heavily criticized by aviation industry. Here we demonstrate for first time that large improvements can be made quantitative predictions fate emissions, using an inversion scheme couples a priori source information output Lagrangian model with satellite data to estimate strength as function...
Abstract. Measurements of airborne particles with aerodynamic diameter 10 μm or less (PM10) and meteorological observations are available from 13 stations distributed throughout Switzerland representing different site types. The effect all variables on PM10 concentrations was estimated using Generalized Additive Models. Data each season were treated separately. most important affecting in winter, autumn spring wind gust, the precipitation rate previous day, current day boundary layer depth....
Abstract. An Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to derive the influence meteorological variability on daily maximum ozone concentrations at 12 low-elevation sites north Alps in Switzerland during four seasons 1992–2002 period. The afternoon temperature and morning global radiation were variables that accounted for most summer spring, while other can be related vertical mixing dilution primary pollutants (afternoon radiation, wind speed, stability or day week) more significant winter....
Abstract. The atmospheric layer closest to the ground is strongly influenced by variable surface fluxes (emissions, deposition) and can therefore be very heterogeneous. In order perform air quality measurements that are representative of a larger domain or certain degree pollution, observatories placed away from population centres within areas specific density. Sites often categorised based on subjective criteria not uniformly applied community different administrative domains yielding an...
Abstract. The chemical composition of submicron (fine mode) and supermicron (coarse aerosol particles has been investigated at the Jungfraujoch high alpine research station (3580 m a.s.l., Switzerland) as part GAW monitoring program since 1999. A clear seasonality was observed for all major components throughout period with low concentrations in winter (predominantly free tropospheric aerosol) higher summer (enhanced vertical transport boundary layer pollutants). In addition, mass closure...
Abstract. The identification of atmospheric trace species measurements that are representative well-mixed background air masses is required for monitoring composition change at sites. We present a statistical method based on robust local regression well suited the selection and estimation associated baseline curves. bootstrap technique applied to calculate uncertainty in resulting curve. non-parametric nature proposed approach makes it very flexible data filtering method. Application carbon...
Abstract. Aerosol particles experience hygroscopic growth in the ambient atmosphere. Their optical properties – especially aerosol light scattering are therefore strongly dependent on relative humidity (RH). In-situ measurements of long-term observations usually performed under dry conditions (RH>30–40%). The knowledge this RH effect is eminent importance for climate forcing calculations or comparison remote sensing with in-situ measurements. This study combines and model to describe...
Abstract Six years of aerosol size distribution measurements between 20 and 600 nm diameters total concentration above 10 from March 2008 to February 2014 at the high‐alpine site Jungfraujoch are presented. The was found be typically bimodal with mode widths relatively stable throughout year observation period. New particle formation observed on 14.5% all days without a seasonal preference. Particles grew only into Aitken did not reach cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) sizes time scale...
Abstract. National and European legislation over the past 20 yr, modernisation or removal of industrial sources, have significantly reduced ozone precursor emissions. This study quantifies observed modelled annual seasonal linear trends from 158 harmonised rural background monitoring stations a constant time period decade (1996–2005). Mean concentrations are investigated, in addition to 5th percentiles as measure baseline conditions, 95th that representative peak concentration levels. aims...
Abstract. Atmospheric inverse modelling has the potential to provide observation-based estimates of greenhouse gas emissions at country scale, thereby allowing for an independent validation national emission inventories. Here, we present a regional-scale study quantify methane (CH4) from Switzerland, making use newly established CarboCount-CH measurement network and high-resolution Lagrangian transport model. In our reference inversion, prior were taken "bottom-up" Swiss Greenhouse Gas...
Abstract. The source contributions to carbonaceous PM2.5 aerosol were investigated at a European background site the edge of Po Valley, in Northern Italy, during period January–December 2007. Carbonaceous was described as sum 8 components: primary (1) and secondary (2) biomass burning organic carbon, elemental carbon (3), (4) (5) fossil fuel (6), (7) (8) biogenic carbon. mass concentration each component quantified using set macro tracers (organic OC, EC, levoglucosan), micro (arabitol...
The requirement to forecast volcanic ash concentrations was amplified as a response the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption when safety limits for aviation were introduced in European area. ability provide accurate quantitative forecasts relies large extent on source term which is emissions of function time and height. This study presents estimations from derived with an inversion algorithm constrains modeled satellite observations ash. tested input two different dispersion models, run three...
The state of a slightly supercooled ephemeral cloud can be changed by the presence few particles capable catalysing freezing, and potentially result in precipitation. We investigated atmospheric abundance active as ice nuclei at −8°C (IN<sub>−8</sub>) over course year high-alpine station Jungfraujoch (3580 m.a.s.l., Switzerland) through use immersion freezing assays collected on quartz micro-fibre filters. In addition, we determined IN<sub>−8</sub> hill planetary boundary layer 95 km...
Abstract. We report a 40-year history of SF6 atmospheric mole fractions measured at the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) monitoring sites, combined with archived air samples, to determine emission estimates from 1978 2018. Previously we reported global rate 7.3±0.6 Gg yr−1 in 2008 and over past decade emissions have continued increase by about 24 % 9.04±0.35 show that changing patterns consumption developed (Kyoto Protocol Annex-1) developing countries (non-Annex-1) rapid...
One important goal of the Copernicus CO 2 monitoring (CO2M) mission is to quantify emissions large point sources. We analyzed feasibility such quantifications using synthetic and NO observations for a constellation CO2M satellites. Observations were generated from kilometer-scale COSMO-GHG simulations over parts Czech Republic, Germany Poland. X 15 largest power plants (3.7–40.3 Mt yr −1 ) quantified data-driven method that combines plume detection algorithm with mass-balance approach. could...
During the summer of 2018, a widespread drought developed over Northern and Central Europe. The increase in temperature reduction soil moisture have influenced carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange between atmosphere terrestrial ecosystems various ways, such as photosynthesis, changes ecosystem respiration, or allowing more frequent fires. In this study, we characterize resulting perturbation atmospheric CO2 seasonal cycles. 2018 has good coverage European regions affected by drought, investigation...
Abstract. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are used in a range of industrial applications and have largely replaced previously gases (CFCs HCFCs). HFCs not ozone-depleting but large global warming potentials are, therefore, reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Here, we use four independent inverse models estimate European emissions two contributing most (HFC-134a HFC-125) SF6 for year 2011. Using an ensemble offers possibility better understand systematic...
Anthropogenic nitrogen inputs cause major negative environmental impacts, including emissions of the important greenhouse gas N
Risk assessment of pesticide impacts on remote ecosystems makes use model-estimated degradation in air. Recent studies suggest these rates to be overestimated, questioning current regulation. Here, we investigated the concentrations 76 pesticides Europe at 29 rural, coastal, mountain, and polar sites during agricultural application season. Overall, 58 were observed European atmosphere. Low spatial variation 7 suggests continental-scale atmospheric dispersal. Based free tropospheric air...
Abstract. Net vertical air mass export by thermally driven f\\/lows from the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) to free troposphere (FT) above deep Alpine valleys was investigated. The of pollutants mountainous terrain is presently poorly represented in global chemistry transport models (GCTMs) and needs be quantified. Air budgets were calculated using aircraft observations obtained valleys. results show that on average 3 times valley exported vertically per day under fair weather conditions....