A5069001105- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Trace Elements in Health
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics
2015-2025
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany
2019-2023
Czech Academy of Sciences
2010-2023
Mendel University in Brno
2010-2012
The use of homologous recombination to precisely modify plant genomes has been challenging, due the lack efficient methods for delivering DNA repair templates cells. Even with advent sequence-specific nucleases, which stimulate at predefined genomic sites by creating targeted double-strand breaks, there are only a handful studies that report precise editing endogenous genes in crop plants. More needed through recombination, ideally without randomly integrating foreign DNA. Here, we...
We report a comprehensive toolkit that enables targeted, specific modification of monocot and dicot genomes using variety genome engineering approaches. Our reagents, based on transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, are systematized for fast, modular cloning accommodate diverse regulatory sequences to drive reagent expression. Vectors optimized create either single or multiple gene knockouts...
Seed germination marks the critical transition from dormancy to active growth, driven by environmental cues and water availability. This study explores translational regulation during comparing two Arabidopsis thaliana accessions with contrasting phenotypes: Columbia (Col), which germinates readily, Cape Verde Islands (Cvi), exhibits deep dormancy. Using sucrose gradient centrifugation, we isolated monosomal polysomal fractions freshly harvested (FH), after-ripened (AR), imbibed (IM) seeds....
In many species with sex chromosomes, the Y is a tiny chromosome. However, dioecious plant Silene latifolia has giant ~550-megabase chromosome, which remained unsequenced so far. We used long- and short-read hybrid approach to obtain high-quality male genome. Comparative analysis of chromosomes their homologs in outgroups showed that highly rearranged degenerated. Recombination suppression between X extended several steps triggered massive accumulation repeats on as well nonrecombining...
Abstract Switches in heterogamety are known to occur both animals and plants. Although plant sex determination systems probably often evolved more recently than those several well-studied animals, including mammals, have had less time for switches occur, we previously detected a switch the genus Silene : section Otites has female male heterogamety, whereas S . latifolia its close relatives, different of genus, Melandrium (subgenus Behenantha ), all heterogamety. Here analyse evolution...
The extensive annual loss of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) represents a global problem affecting agriculture and biodiversity. parasitic mite Varroa destructor, associated with viral co-infections, plays key role in this loss. Despite years intensive research, the complex mechanisms – bee interaction are still not fully defined. Therefore, study employed unique combination transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, functional analyses to reveal new details about effect mites naturally factors,...
Abstract Background The evolution of sex chromosomes is often accompanied by gene or chromosome rearrangements. Recently, the AP3 was characterized in dioecious plant species Silene latifolia . It suggested that this had been transferred from an autosome to Y chromosome. Results In present study we provide evidence for existence X linked copy gene. We further show probably located a chromosomal region where recombination restriction occurred during first steps evolution. A comparison and...
Summary Some transposable elements ( TE s) show extraordinary variance in abundance along sex chromosomes but the mechanisms responsible for this are unknown. Here, we studied O gre long terminal repeat LTR ) retrotransposons S ilene latifolia , a dioecious plant with evolutionarily young heteromorphic chromosomes. ubiquitous . genome surprisingly absent on Y chromosome. Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library analysis and fluorescence situ hybridization (FISH) were used to determine...
In the present study, we used Illumina sequencing technology (HiSeq 2000) to sequence transcriptome of barley (Hordeum vulgare L., cv. Morex) under three different heavy metal stress conditions: copper, zinc and cadmium. For each those metals, concentration causing a 50% inhibitory effect for root growth (EC50) was determined. We sequenced total RNA both roots shoots from with without treatments in replicates. Raw reads project have been deposited NCBI's BioProject accession number...
Wild emmer wheat is an excellent reservoir of genetic variability that can be utilized to improve cultivated address the challenges expanding world population and climate change. Bearing this in mind, we have collected a panel 263 wild (WEW) genotypes across Fertile Crescent. The were grown different locations phenotyped for heading date. Genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) was carried out, 16 SNPs associated with As flowering time controlled by photoperiod vernalization, sequenced VRN1...
Silene latifolia represents one of the best-studied plant sex chromosome systems. A new approach using RNA-seq data has recently identified hundreds sex-linked genes in this species. However, is expected to miss that are either not expressed or at low levels tissue(s) used for RNA-seq. Therefore other independent approaches needed discover such genes.Here we 10 well-characterized S. and their homologs vulgaris, a species without chromosomes, screen BAC libraries both We isolated sequenced 4...
Dioecious species with well-established sex chromosomes are rare in the plant kingdom. Most increase size but no comprehensive analysis of kind sequences that drive this expansion has been presented. Here we analyse chromosome structure common sorrel (Rumex acetosa), a dioecious XY1Y2 determination, and provide first chromosome-specific repeatome for possessing chromosomes.We flow-sorted separately sequenced autosomes R. acetosa using two-dimensional fluorescence situ hybridization...
Aberrant meiosis in plants often leads to aneuploidy, genetic instability, and sterility. This can occur due several factors, including chromosome misalignment, defective synapsis or environmental factors that may result unusual combinations the offsprings. Unusual behavior during male Humulus lupulus is linked irregular segregation genome instability. However, origin of meiotic instability remains unclear. We analyzed centromeric landscape H. determine its role aberrant chromosomal cell...
<i>Silene latifolia</i> is a dioecious plant species with chromosomal sex determination. Although the evolution of chromosomes in <i>S. has been subject numerous studies, global view X chromosome structure this still missing. Here, we combine microdissection and BAC library screening to isolate new chromosome-linked sequences. Out 8 identified clones, only 86M14 showed an X-preferential signal after FISH experiments. Further analysis revealed existence...
Silene latifolia serves as a model species to study dioecy, the evolution of sex chromosomes, dosage compensation and sex-determination systems in plants. Currently, no protocol for genetic transformation is available this species, mainly because S. considered recalcitrant vitro regeneration infection with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Using cytokinins their synthetic derivatives, we markedly improved efficiency regeneration. Several agrobacterial strains were tested ability deliver DNA into...
The genus Silene includes a plethora of dioecious and gynodioecious species. Two species, latifolia (white campion) dioica (red campion), are plants, having heteromorphic sex chromosomes with an XX/XY determination system. X Y differ mainly in size, DNA content posttranslational histone modifications. Although it is generally assumed that the evolved from single pair autosomes, difficult to distinguish ancestral related hermaphroditic plants. We designed oligo painting probe enriched for...
The VERNALIZATION1 (VRN1) gene encodes a MADS-box transcription factor and plays an important role in the cold-induced transition from vegetative to reproductive stage. Allelic variability of VRN1 homoeologs has been associated with large differences flowering time. aim this study was investigate genetic (VRN-A1, VRN-B1 VRN-D1). We performed in-depth sequence analysis panel 105 winter spring varieties hexaploid wheat. describe novel allele Vrn-B1f 836 bp insertion within intron 1 show its...
The sex chromosomes of Silene latifolia are heteromorphic as in mammals, with females being homogametic (XX) and males heterogametic (XY). While recombination occurs along the entire X chromosome females, between Y is restricted to pseudoautosomal region (PAR). In few mammals so far studied, PARs often characterized by elevated mutation rates high GC content compared rest genome. However, have not been studied plants until now. this paper we report construction a BAC library for S. first...
Background Genome size evolution is a complex process influenced by polyploidization, satellite DNA accumulation, and expansion of retroelements. How this could be affected different reproductive strategies still poorly understood. Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed differences in the number distribution major repetitive elements two closely related species, Silene latifolia S. vulgaris. Both species are diploid possess same chromosome (2n = 24), but differ their genome mode...
Abstract Background The castor bean tick Ixodes ricinus is an important vector of several clinically diseases, whose prevalence increases with accelerating global climate changes. Characterization a life-cycle thus great importance. However, researchers mainly focus on specific organs fed life stages, while early development this species largely neglected. Methods In attempt to better understand the widespread arthropod parasite, we sequenced transcriptomes four stages (egg, larva, nymph and...