dissociable cognitive strategies are used for place navigation. Spatial rely on the hippocampus, an area important flexible integration of novel information. Response more rigid and involve dorsal striatum. These memory systems can compensate each other in case temporal or permanent damage. Sleep deprivation has adverse effects hippocampal function. However, whether striatal system sleep-deprivation-induced impairments is unknown.with a symmetrical maze paradigm mice, we examined effect...

In order to maximize human performance, defence forces continue explore, develop, and apply performance enhancement (HPE) methods, ranging from pharmaceuticals (bio)technological enhancement. This raises ethical, legal, societal concerns requires organizing a careful reflection deliberation process, with relevant stakeholders. We discuss range of aspects (ELSA), which people involved in the development deployment HPE can use for such deliberation. A realistic military scenario proposed...

Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by interpersonal deficits and has been associated with limited cognitive empathy, which includes perspective taking, theory of mind, empathic accuracy (EA). The capacity for affective empathy may also be impaired. In the present study we aimed to determine if EA in normally developing individuals varying levels autism traits moderated trait empathy. Fifty male fifty female participants (‘perceivers’) completed Autism-Spectrum Quotient Balanced...

Accumulating evidence supports the harmful effects of stress on health, including development and progress psychopathology (e.g. anxiety disorders), metabolic disorders diabetes type II), inflammatory disturbances, cardiovascular disease. These are often expressed as disturbances in cortisol levels, patterns, or responses. Unfortunately, at present, assessment is only performed laboratory. This hinders rapid quantification, let alone being determined by individuals themselves, with...

The aim of this explorative study is to evaluate whether personalized compared generic lifestyle advice improves wellbeing in a senior population. We conducted nine-week single-blind randomized controlled trial including 59 participants (age 67.7 ± 4.8 years) from Wageningen and its surrounding areas the Netherlands. Three times during intervention period, received either (PA), or (GA) improve behavior. Personalization was based on metabolic health measures dietary intake resulting an that...

Automatically detecting mental state such as stress from video images of the face could support evaluating responses in applicants for high risk jobs or contribute to timely detection challenging operational settings (e.g., aircrew, command center operators). Challenges automatically estimating include generalization models across contexts and participants. We here aim create robust by training them using data different including physiological features. Fifty-one participants were exposed...

Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been associated with disturbances in social functioning and the brain serotonin system. Reduced levels of may negatively influence functioning, for example by impairing recognition facial emotion expressions. The present study investigated effect acute tryptophan depletion (ATD), which reduces serotonin, on a related component empathic accuracy (EA), oxytocin levels. Individuals (FH+) without (FH−) family history MDD participated randomized, double-blind,...

Abstract Objective: A high-fibre diet is associated with a lower risk for diseases. However, few adults meet the dietary fibre recommendation. Therefore, effects and acceptance of an algorithm-generated personalised advice (PDA) compared general (GA) on intake were investigated. Design: 6-week, single-blind randomised controlled trial 3-month follow-up. Setting: PDA was based habitual provided fibre-rich alternatives using website; GA contained brochures. Dietary assessed at baseline, week...

In May 2018, the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA, Germany) hosted ‘Light at Work’, a workshop concerning occupational health issues relating to non-visual effects of light both indoor shift workers. The agenda reflected common interest in translational research linking laboratory findings with public outcomes, resulted founding European scientific network NoVEL (standing Non-Visual Effects Light). This article sets out participants’ shared goals improve evidence...

Long-term alcohol abuse is associated with poorer cognitive performance. However, the associations between light and moderate drinking performance are less clear. We assessed this association via cross-sectional longitudinal analyses in a sample of 702 Dutch students. At baseline, consumption was using questionnaires ecological momentary assessment (EMA) across four weeks ('Wave 1'). Subsequently, performance, including memory, planning, reasoning, at home six standard cognition tests...

With the purpose of identifying a sensitive, robust, and easy-to-measure set biomarkers to assess stress reactivity, we here study large relatively easy obtain markers reflecting subjective, autonomic nervous system (ANS), endocrine, inflammatory responses acute social (n = 101). A subset participants was exposed another stressor next day 48) while being measured in same way. Acute induced following standardized procedures. The investigated were self-reported positive negative affect, heart...

Facial emotions are important for human communication. Unfortunately, traditional facial emotion recognition tasks do not inform about how respondents might behave towards others expressing certain emotions. Approach‐avoidance measure behaviour, but only on one dimension. In this study 81 participants completed a novel Emotion Response Task. Images displaying individuals with emotional expressions were presented in random order. Participants simultaneously indicated communal (quarrelsome vs....

Individuals with a family history of depression show subtle abnormalities in the processing social stimuli. This could negatively affect their interpersonal functioning and contribute to risk. Repeated administration serotonin precursor tryptophan has previously been shown increase agreeable behavior reduce quarrelsome irritable people, who are also considered at risk for depression.To examine effects on individuals depression, 40 men women least one first-degree relative received (1g three...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a lifestyle-related disease whose prevalence increases with age. Diabetes self-management through mobile health (mHealth) apps enables patients T2D to improve their health. According the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), technology acceptance (ie, intended use) necessary ensure mHealth can be implemented successfully. Therefore, specific requirements of should considered.This cross-sectional study aims examine extent which different TAM predictors are associated app...

Sleep deprivation (SD) and acute social stress are common, often unavoidable, frequently co-occurring stressors in high-risk professions. Both known to acutely induce inflammatory responses an increasing body of literature suggests this may lead cognitive impairment. This study examined the combined effects total SD on performance took a comprehensive approach explore their (shared) underlying mechanism leading decline.We recorded response inhibition task multitask monitored range...

Abstract Constipation can greatly impact the quality of life (QoL), which be relieved by dietary fibres; however, preserving a higher fibre intake remains challenge. We investigated effects personalised advice (PDA) on and mild constipation complaints. A total number twenty-five adults with complaints were included in 4-week observation period followed intervention. The PDA provided high-fibre alternatives via web tool. In weeks 1, 4 8, intake, QoL assessed. Furthermore, participants...

The Social Behavior Inventory (SBI) assesses social behaviors along the 2 orthogonal axes defining interpersonal circumplex; that is, in terms of quarrelsomeness-agreeableness and dominance-submissiveness. To contribute to evidence evaluating cross-cultural construct validity SBI, we investigated whether there are differences how English-speaking students living Canada Dutch-speaking Netherlands view SBI items. Results suggested is similarity meaning items cultures. location original English...

Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been associated with abnormalities in speech and behavioural mimicry. These may contribute to the impairments interpersonal functioning that are often seen MDD patients. also disturbances brain serotonin system, but extent which regulates mimicry remains unclear. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, we induced acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) individuals or without family history of MDD. Five hours afterwards, participants engaged two...