A5060183164- Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Dental Education, Practice, Research
- Phosphodiesterase function and regulation
- Acute Kidney Injury Research
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Dental Research and COVID-19
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders
NHS England
2023
Birmingham Dental Hospital
2020-2023
Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Trust
2019-2023
Johns Hopkins University
2008-2021
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2013-2021
Pulmonary and Critical Care Associates
2020
Homerton University Hospital
2017
University of Baltimore
2014-2017
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2011
Lawson Health Research Institute
1995
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a debilitating condition associated with severe skeletal muscle weakness that persists in humans long after has resolved. The molecular mechanisms underlying this are unknown.To identify the muscle-specific responsible for wasting mouse model of ALI.Changes weight, fiber size, vivo contractile performance, and expression mRNAs proteins encoding atrophy-associated genes ring finger-1 (MuRF1) atrogin1 were measured. Genetic inactivation MuRF1 or...
Flow cytometry is a powerful tool capable of simultaneously analyzing multiple parameters on cell-by-cell basis. Lung tissue preparation for flow requires creation single-cell suspension, which often employs enzymatic and mechanical dissociation techniques. These practices may damage cells cause cell death that unrelated to the experimental conditions under study. We tested methods lung sought minimize in epithelial, endothelial, hematopoietic lineage cellular compartments. A protocol...
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Noncanonical roles for caspase-3 are emerging in the fields of cancer and developmental biology. However, little is known nonapoptotic functions most cell types. We have recently demonstrated a disassociation between activation execution apoptosis with accompanying cytoplasmic sequestration preserved endothelial barrier function. Therefore, we tested hypothesis that promotes integrity. Human lung microvascular cells were exposed to thrombin, stimulus, function was assessed using electric...
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a lethal syndrome associated with the pathogenic remodeling of pulmonary vasculature and emergence apoptosis-resistant cells. Apoptosis repressor caspase recruitment domain (ARC) an inhibitor multiple forms cell death known to be abundantly expressed in striated muscle. We show for first time that ARC arterial smooth muscle cells markedly upregulated several experimental models PH. In this study, we test hypothesis expression essential development chronic...
Severe sepsis and septic shock are frequent causes of the acute respiratory distress syndrome, important sources human mortality. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component Gram-negative bacterial cell walls, plays major role in pathogenesis severe shock. LPS exposure induces production harmful reactive oxygen species, resultant oxidant injury has been implicated both ARDS. We previously showed that tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib increases lung endothelial antioxidant enzymes protects against...
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an incurable disease characterized by disordered and dysfunctional angiogenesis leading to small-vessel loss obliterative vasculopathy. The pathogenesis of PAH not fully understood, but multiple studies have demonstrated links between elevated angiostatic factors, severity, adverse clinical outcomes. ES (endostatin), one such circulating peptide, the cleavage product proteoglycan
Human endothelial cells (EC) are typically resistant to the apoptotic effects of stimuli associated with lung disease. The determinants this resistance remain incompletely understood. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by human pulmonary artery EC (HPAEC). Its expression increases in response various death-inducing stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We show here that silencing MIF RNA interference (MIF siRNA) dramatically reduces...
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is the leading cause of emphysema. CS mediates pathologic emphysematous remodeling lung via apoptosis parenchymal cells resulting in enlargement airspaces, loss capillary bed, and diminished surface area for gas exchange. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic cytokine, reduced both preclinical model CS-induced emphysema patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, particularly those most severe disease phenotype. MIF functions to...
Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) is stimulated by cGMP to hydrolyze cAMP, a potent endothelial barrier-protective molecule. We previously found that lung PDE2A contributed mouse model of ventilator-induced injury (VILI). The purpose the present study was determine contribution in two-hit 1-day intratracheal (IT) LPS followed 4 h 20 ml/kg tidal volume ventilation. Compared with IT water controls, alone (3.75 μg/g body wt) increased mRNA and protein expression 6 persistent increase through day...
Self‐practice/self‐reflection (SP/SR) is a targeted training and professional development strategy in which clinicians practice cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) techniques processes on themselves then working through structured process of self‐reflection. Previous studies with CBT trainees experienced mental health practitioners have found that SP/SR or experiencing "from the inside out" has been perceived by participants as increasing competency number important areas therapist...
Background Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is involved in oxidative metabolism of purines and a source reactive oxygen species (ROS). As such, XOR has been implicated oxidant-mediated injury multiple cardiopulmonary diseases. enzyme activity regulated, part, via phosphorylation-dependent, post-translational mechanism, although the kinase(s) responsible for such hyperactivation are unknown. Methods Results Using an silico approach, we identified cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) consensus motif...
Sepsis is a leading cause of death among patients in the intensive care unit, resulting from multi-organ failure. Activity xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing enzyme, known to be elevated nonsurvivors sepsis compared survivors. We have previously demonstrated that XOR critical for ventilator-induced lung injury. Using febuxostat, novel nonpurine inhibitor XOR, we sought determine role inhibition murine model sepsis-induced injury and mortality. C57BL/6J...
Right ventricular (RV) angiogenesis has been associated with adaptive myocardial remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH), though molecular regulators are poorly defined. Endothelial cell VEGFR-2 is considered a "master regulator" of other models, and the small molecule VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor SU5416 commonly used to generate PH rodents. We hypothesized that SU5416, through direct effects on cardiac endothelial VEGFR-2, would attenuate RV murine model PH. C57 BL/6 mice were...
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed increased strain on many aspects of the NHS. Dentists have been identified as having skills transferable to support community nursing teams part redeployment response. This article aims explore roles dentists undertaken within setting and reflect dentists' skills, training personal experiences during redeployment. Despite differences in healthcare delivery, both professions share surrounding professionalism, communication, raising concerns consent. Community...
Inhibition of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterases (PDEs) is a cornerstone pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-specific therapy. PDE9A, expressed in the heart and lung tissue, has highest affinity for cGMP all known PDEs. PDE9A deficiency protects mice against chronic left ventricular (LV) pressure overload via increased natriuretic peptide (NP)-dependent signaling. Chronic-hypoxic (CH-PH) model right (RV) overload, previous studies have demonstrated protective...
Oral health is essential to prevent pain, ensure adequate nutrition and promote optimum general psychosocial wellbeing. The detrimental effects of poor oral can often be overlooked, resulting in low prioritisation care when compared other roles. A multidisciplinary approach maintaining good dependent community patients must established, with stakeholders including dentists, nurses, carers, family members. This article aims explore fundamental considerations for nurses maintain health.
Oral health has a symbiotic relationship with general health, oral disease recognised to have an adverse effect on the overall systemic of patient. Deterioration in been shown impact severity chronic diseases, nutrition, hydration and psychological social wellbeing. Part 1 this mini-series explored common conditions that community patients may present with, role nursing team aiding prevention, diagnosis management these conditions. Following from that, article discusses links between...