A5008203817- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
University of Milan
2014-2023
University of Pavia
1998
Despite recent advances in understanding the causes of epilepsy, especially genetic, comprehending biological mechanisms that lead to epileptic phenotype remains difficult. A paradigmatic case is constituted by epilepsies caused altered neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which exert complex physiological functions mature as well developing brain. The ascending cholinergic projections potent control forebrain excitability, and wide evidence implicates nAChR dysregulation...
By regulating the neocortical excitability, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) control vigilance and cognition are implicated in epileptogenesis. Modulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release often accompanies these processes. We studied how nAChRs regulate GABAergic transmission murine neocortex with immunocytochemical patch-clamp methods. The cholinergic fibers densely innervated somatosensory, visual, motor, prefrontal cortices (PFC). Laminar distribution was broadly...
We studied the effect of hypocretin 1 (orexin A) in frontal area 2 (Fr2) murine neocortex, implicated motivation-dependent goal-directed tasks. In layer V, stimulated spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) on fast-spiking (FS) interneurons. The was accompanied by increased frequency miniature EPSCs, indicating that can target glutamatergic terminals. Moreover, inhibitory (IPSCs) pyramidal neurons, with no IPSCs. This action prevented blocking 1) ionotropic receptors; 2)...
Astrocytes are involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) where they could contribute to α-Synuclein pathology but also neuroprotection via clearance. The molecular signature underlying their dual role is still elusive. Given that vitamin D has been recently suggested be protective neurodegeneration, the aim of our study was investigate astrocyte and neuron pathway alterations correlation with aggregates (ie, oligomers fibrils) human brain obtained from PD patients.The expression components...
Abstract Synaptosomal associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP‐25) is a SNARE component the exocytotic apparatus involved in release neurotransmitter. We used multiple‐labeling immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy, and ultrastructural immunocytochemistry to examine expression SNAP‐25 excitatory inhibitory terminals from different rat human brain areas. Glutamatergic GABAergic were identified by staining for vesicular glutamate transporter (vGLUT1), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67), or GABA...
The existence and role of intrinsic cholinergic cells in the cerebral cortex is controversial, because their variable localization morphology different mammalian species. We have applied choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunocytochemistry to study distribution neurons murine cortex, adult during postnatal development. For more precise neurochemical identification these neurons, possible colocalization ChAT with markers cortical neuronal populations has been analyzed by confocal microscopy....
We studied how nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate glutamate release in the secondary motor area (Fr2) of dorsomedial murine prefrontal cortex, presence steady agonist levels. Fr2 mediates response to behavioral situations that require immediate attention and is a candidate for generating seizures frontal epilepsies caused by mutant nAChRs. Morphological analysis showed peculiar chemoarchitecture laminar distribution pyramidal cells interneurons. Tonic application 5 µM...
It has been demonstrated using single-cell and multiunit electrophysiology in layer III entorhinal cortex disinhibited hippocampal CA3 slices that the balancing of up-down activity is characterized by both GABA(A) GABA(B) mechanisms. Here we report novel results obtained multi-electrode array (60 electrodes) simultaneous recordings from reverberating postnatal neocortical networks containing 19.2 +/- 1.4% GABAergic neurons, typical intact tissue. We observed each spontaneous active-state...
We show here that a mild sterile inflammation induced by the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in neuron/astrocyte/microglial cortical network, modulates neuronal excitability and can initiate long-duration burst events resembling epileptiform seizures, recognized feature of various central nervous neurodegenerative, neurological acute systemic diseases associated with neuroinflammation. To study this action, we simultaneously analyzed reverberating bursting activity hundred neurons using...
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) produce widespread and complex effects on neocortex excitability. We studied how heteromeric nAChRs regulate inhibitory post-synaptic currents (IPSCs), in fast-spiking (FS) layer V neurons of the mouse frontal area 2 (Fr2). In presence blockers ionotropic glutamate receptors, tonic application 10μM nicotine augmented spontaneous IPSC frequency, with minor alterations amplitudes kinetics. These were since 3rd postnatal week, persisted throughout...
Abstract Background : The ventropostero lateral nucleus (VPL) is a thalamic somatosensory center receving inputs from limbs and trunk; some of this input via terminals the dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway. These fibers convey non‐noxious somesthesic information. Methods In study neurochemical content afferents in VPL rats was investigated at electron microscopic level by combining anterograde transport horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin, injected nuclei, with...
α-synuclein is a small protein that mainly expressed in the synaptic terminals of nervous tissue. Although its implication neurodegeneration well established, physiological role remains elusive. Given involvement modulation transmission and emerging microtubules at synapse, current study aimed investigating whether becomes involved with this cytoskeletal component presynapse. We first analyzed expression colocalization α-tubulin murine brain. Differences were found between cortical...
The ascending fibers releasing norepinephrine and acetylcholine are highly active during wakefulness. In contrast, rapid-eye-movement sleep, the neocortical tone is sustained mainly by acetylcholine. By comparing different physiological features of systems in light GANE (glutamate amplifies noradrenergic effects) model, we suggest how to interpret some functional differences between waking sleep.
The organization of glia and its relationship with migrating neurons were studied in the rat developing thalamus immunocytochemistry by using light, confocal, electron microscopy. Carbocyanine labeling cultured slice embryonic diencephalon was also used. At day (E) 14, vimentin immunoreactivity observed radial fascicles spanning neuroepithelium extending from ventricular zone to lateral surface diencephalic vesicle. Vimentin-immunopositive fibers orthogonal ones detected at subsequent...
Branching projections from pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei to different thalamic targets were studied by means of a double retrograde tracing technique. The results show topographic distribution mesopontine neurons projecting targets. In addition, the present data demonstrate that small percentage (< or = 5%) intralaminar rostral pole reticular nucleus innervate both these areas branching axons. By contrast, large number sensorimotor send axon collaterals caudal part...