Precisely introducing two similar functional groups into bulk chemical alkenes represents a formidable route to complex molecules. Especially, the selective activation of electrophiles is in crucial demand, yet challenging for cross-electrophile-coupling. Herein, we demonstrate redox-mediated electrolysis, which aryl nitriles are both radical precursors and redox-mediators, enables an intermolecular alkene 1,2-diarylation with remarkable regioselectivity, thereby avoiding involvement...

ABSTRACT Revegetation has been the primary management approach for solving problems caused by severe soil erosion in Loess Plateau. The objectives of this work were to explore successional trajectory different types restoration and discuss their potential effectiveness control erosion. presence coverage plants 40 permanent plots investigated during two periods (2003–2006 2013). naturally artificially revegetated communities studied surveys classified using two‐way indicator species analysis,...

Abstract The insertion of carbenes into the α-C–H bonds ethers represents one most powerful approaches to access polysubstituted α-branched ethers. However, intermolecular carbene insertions remain challenging, since current are generally limited use toxic and potentially explosive α-diazocarbonyl compounds. We now report a silver-catalyzed benzylation using bench-stable N -triftosylhydrazones as safe convenient precursors. This approach is well suited for both inter- intramolecular deliver...

Visible-light-induced three-component 1,2-alkylpyridylation of alkenes with unactivated alkyl iodides and aryl cyanides is reported via a photocatalytic halogen-atom transfer (XAT) strategy. This metal-free protocol utilizes readily available tertiary alkylamine as the terminal reductant to smoothly convert into corresponding carbon radical species. The reaction features broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, high efficiency, mild conditions. practicability this...

A novel reductive cross-coupling of aryl vinyl halides and unactivated tertiary alkyl bromides has been realized via photoredox/nickel dual catalysis to produce arene derivatives bearing all-carbon quaternary centers with excellent E-selectivity. stoichiometric metal reductant could be avoided by employing commercially available N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) as the terminal reductant.

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have attracted substantial research attention in heterogeneous traffic settings due to their inherent traffic-stabilizing characteristics. However, insufficient focus has been directed towards the heterogeneity communication topologies of CAVs, particularly presence human-driven (HDVs). Consequently, our comprehension stability such environments remains constrained, overlooking crucial aspects as CAV platooning multi-anticipation controls. To address...

The β-pyridyl amide is a critical scaffold in medical discovery yet lacks efficient synthetic methods. Here, we describe, for the first time, visible-light-induced, redox-neutral radical cross-coupling reaction involving alkenes, oxamic acids, and cyanopyridines that offers versatile assembly of β-pyridylamides. This approach features mild conditions, high step efficiency, substrate breadth, providing green strategy alkene pyridyl-carbamoylation. Achieving this transformation relies on...

Aldol condensation reaction is a very important class of industrially catalyzed reactions for the synthesis high‐value fine chemicals. Traditionally, usually carried out under alkaline conditions, but traditional liquid alkali catalysts may have problems such as separation and recovery difficulties catalyst side reactions. Therefore, solid base received much attention research in recent years. In this study, magnesium aluminum hydrotalcites were synthesized from chloride hexahydrate,...

An organic photoredox-catalyzed gem-difluoroallylation of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes with alkyl iodides via C-F bond cleavage for the synthesis gem-difluoroalkene derivatives is reported. This transition-metal-free transformation utilized a readily available dye 4CzIPN as sole photocatalyst and employed common chemical N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine radical activator halogen-atom transfer. In addition, variety iodides, including primary, secondary, tertiary were tolerated provided good...

An efficient palladium-catalyzed carbonylation reaction of readily available quaternary ammonium salts with CO is reported for the first time to afford arylacetamides and arylacetic acid esters <italic>via</italic> benzylic C–N bond cleavage.

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have become the highlights of traffic. Researchers in this field proposed various traffic management measures to enhance capacity efficiency with CAVs, especially mixed CAVs manual (MVs). Exclusive lane setting is included. However, exclusive policy-related researches for MVs were very limited, influence number location lanes on was unclear. To fill gap, paper aims study different policies provide recommended under volumes CAV penetration rates....

Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) is regarded as a promising approach to improve traffic stability and capacity by operating vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. However, the beneficial effect of CACC vehicles greatly reduced due influence manually driven (MDVs) in heterogeneous flow, which degradation considerable problem. One proposed solution install communication devices for MDVs, called IMDVs, propagate information prevent degradation. This study analyzed flow configuration...

Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC), which is recognized as an extension of (ACC) through the addition vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, promoted for application in near future. Nevertheless, V2V communication unreliable due to interruption caused by cyberattacks and information congestion. When occurs, a CACC vehicle cannot receive travel preceding automatically degrades ACC vehicle, leading instability fleet. This research aims investigate longitudinal impact degradation under...

Abstract Precisely introducing two similar functional groups into bulk chemical alkenes represents a formidable route to complex molecules. Especially, the selective activation of electrophiles is in crucial demand, yet challenging for cross‐electrophile‐coupling. Herein, we demonstrate redox‐mediated electrolysis, which aryl nitriles are both radical precursors and redox‐mediators, enables an intermolecular alkene 1,2‐diarylation with remarkable regioselectivity, thereby avoiding...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and lethal neurodegenerative disease. Several studies have suggested the involvement of cuproptosis in its pathogenesis. In this research, we intend to explore cuproptosis-related molecular clusters ALS develop novel genes prediction model.

The current development of urban agglomeration greatly promotes the intercity connection and elevates significance mobility system. However, often exhibits extreme spatiotemporal imbalances due to diverse characteristics. This poses a huge challenge for traffic management reveals necessity on understanding attractiveness mobility, which is represented as spatial interaction gravity in this study. While recent works have explored relevant aspects, they failed provide insights into temporal...

In this paper, we developed an electro-reductive aryl-to-alkyl radical relay arylation reaction of a remote C(sp 3 )–H bond via 1,5-HAT process. This protocol features mild conditions, simple operation, and broad substrate scope.