J. S. Bloom
A5068837797- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- SAS software applications and methods
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Time Series Analysis and Forecasting
- CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
University of California, Berkeley
2015-2024
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
2014-2024
New York University
2024
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
2024
Brown University
2024
Bellevue Hospital Center
2024
Worcester Polytechnic Institute
2020-2023
Tufts Medical Center
2022-2023
Berkeley College
2005-2020
University of Maryland, College Park
2019
(Abridged) We describe here the most ambitious survey currently planned in optical, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A vast array of science will be enabled by a single wide-deep-fast sky survey, and LSST have unique capability faint time domain. The design is driven four main themes: probing dark energy matter, taking an inventory Solar System, exploring transient optical sky, mapping Milky Way. wide-field ground-based system sited at Cerro Pach\'{o}n northern Chile. telescope 8.4 m...
A survey that can cover the sky in optical bands over wide fields to faint magnitudes with a fast cadence will enable many of exciting science opportunities next decade. The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) have an effective aperture 6.7 meters and imaging camera field view 9.6 deg^2, be devoted ten-year 20,000 deg^2 south +15 deg. Each pointing imaged 2000 times fifteen second exposures six broad from 0.35 1.1 microns, total point-source depth r~27.5. LSST Science Book describes basic...
Observations show that at least some gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) happen simultaneously with core-collapse supernovae (SNe), thus linking by a common thread nature's two grandest explosions. We review here the growing evidence for and theoretical implications of this association, conclude most long-duration soft-spectrum GRBs are accompanied massive stellar explosions (GRB-SNe). The kinetic energy luminosity well-studied GRB-SNe appear to be greater than those ordinary SNe, but exists, even in...
The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is a fully-automated, wide-field survey aimed at systematic exploration of the optical transient sky. performed using new 8.1 square degree camera installed on 48-inch Samuel Oschin telescope Observatory; colors and light curves for detected transients are obtained with automated 60-inch telescope. PTF uses eighty percent 1.2-m fifty 1.5-m time. With an exposure 60-s reaches depth approximately 21.3 in g' 20.6 R (5 sigma, median seeing). Four major...
We present a comprehensive sample of all gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows with known distances, and we derive their conical opening angles based on observed broadband breaks in light curves. Within the framework this jet model, correct for geometry find that energy release is narrowly clustered around 5 × 1050 ergs. draw three conclusions. First, central engines GRBs energies are comparable to ordinary supernovae. Second, broad distribution fluence luminosity largely result wide variation...
The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is a wide-field experiment designed to investigate the optical transient and variable sky on time scales from minutes years. PTF uses CFH12k mosaic camera, with field of view 7.9 deg2 plate scale 1'' pixel-1, mounted Observatory 48 inch Samuel Oschin Telescope. operation strategy devised probe existing gaps in phase space search for theoretically predicted, but not yet detected, phenomena, such as fallback supernovae, macronovae,. Ia orphan afterglows...
We present a comprehensive study to measure the locations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) relative their host galaxies. In total, we find offsets 20 long-duration GRBs from apparent galaxy centers by utilizing ground-based images Palomar and Keck space-based Hubble Space Telescope (HST). discuss in detail how is assigned an individual GRB robustness assignment process. The median projected angular (physical) offset 017 (1.3 kpc). normalized half-light radii 0.98, suggesting strong connection with...
While gas accretion onto some massive black holes (MBHs) at the centers of galaxies actively powers luminous emission, vast majority MBHs are considered dormant. Occasionally, a star passing too near MBH is torn apart by gravitational forces, leading to bright panchromatic tidal disruption flare (TDF). high-energy transient Swift J164449.3+573451 ("Sw 1644+57") initially displayed none theoretically anticipated (nor previously observed) TDF characteristics, we show that observations (Levan...
We report the discovery and early observations of peculiar Type IIn supernova (SN) 2006gy in NGC 1260. With a peak visual magnitude about -22, it is most luminous ever recorded. Its very slow rise to maximum took ~70 days, stayed brighter than -21 mag for 100 days. It not yet clear what powers enormous luminosity total radiated energy ~1051 erg, but we argue that any known mechanism—thermal emission, circumstellar interaction, or 56Ni decay—requires massive progenitor star. The interaction...
Merging neutron stars offer an exquisite laboratory for simultaneously studying strong-field gravity and matter in extreme environments. We establish the physical association of electromagnetic counterpart EM170817 to gravitational waves (GW170817) detected from merging stars. By synthesizing a panchromatic dataset, we demonstrate that are long-sought production site forging heavy elements by r-process nucleosynthesis. The weak gamma-rays seen dissimilar classical short gamma-ray bursts with...
We present the results of a Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) archival search for blue transients which lie in magnitude range between "normal" core-collapse and superluminous supernovae (i.e. with $-21\,{\leq}M_{R\,(peak)}\,{\leq}-19$). Of six events found after excluding all interacting Type~IIn Ia-CSM supernovae, three (PTF09ge, 09axc 09djl) are coincident centers their hosts, one (10iam) is offset from center, two (10nuj 11glr) precise can not be determined. All central have similar rise...
We present ground-based spectroscopic verification of 6 Y dwarfs (see also Cushing et al.), 89 T dwarfs, 8 L and 1 M dwarf identified by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). Eighty these are cold brown with spectral types ⩾T6, six which have been announced earlier Mainzer al. Burgasser color–color color–type diagrams showing locus M, L, T, in WISE color space. Near-infrared and, a few cases, optical spectra presented for discoveries. classifications as late early objects peculiar...
We report the discovery by Swift hard X-ray monitor of transient source J2058.4+0516 (Sw J2058+05). Our multi-wavelength follow-up campaign uncovered a long-lived (duration ≳ months), luminous (LX, iso ≈ 3 × 1047 erg s−1) and radio (νLν, 1042 counterpart. The associated optical emission, however, from which we measure redshift 1.1853, is relatively faint, this not due to large amount dust extinction in host galaxy. Based on numerous similarities with recently discovered GRB 110328A/Swift...
The Swift/Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) hard X-ray transient monitor provides near real-time coverage of the sky in energy range 15-50 keV. BAT observes 88% each day with a detection sensitivity 5.3 mCrab for full-day observation and time resolution as fine 64 seconds. three main purposes are (1) discovery new sources, (2) outbursts or other changes flux known (3) generation light curves more than 900 sources spanning over eight years. primary interface is public web page. Between 2005...
Variable X-ray and gamma-ray emission is characteristic of the most extreme physical processes in Universe, studying sources these energetic photons has been a major driver astronomy for past 50 years. Here we present multiwavelength observations unique selected transient, discovered by Swift, which was accompanied bright across electromagnetic spectrum, whose properties are unlike any previously observed source. We pinpoint event to center small, star-forming galaxy at redshift z=0.3534....
Stellar Explosions Stars that are born with masses greater than eight times of the Sun end their lives in luminous explosions known as supernovae. Over past decade, access to improved sky surveys has revealed rare types supernovae much more any those were before. Gal-Yam (p. 927 ) reviews these superluminous events and groups them into three classes share common observational physical characteristics. Gamma-ray bursts another type extreme explosive related death massive stars, which occur...
In this first paper in a series we present 1298 low-redshift (z\leq0.2) optical spectra of 582 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observed from 1989 through 2008 as part the Berkeley SN Program (BSNIP). 584 199 SNe have well-calibrated light curves with measured distance moduli, and many been corrected for host-galaxy contamination. Most data were obtained using Kast double spectrograph mounted on Shane 3 m telescope at Lick Observatory typical wavelength range 3300-10,400 Ang., roughly twice wide...
(Abridged). We present a sample of 77 optical afterglows (OAs) Swift detected GRBs for which spectroscopic follow-up observations have been secured. provide linelists and equivalent widths all lines redward Ly-alpha. discuss to what extent the current bursts with OA spectroscopy is biased subsample GRBs. For that purpose we define an X-ray selected optimal conditions ground-based follow up from period March 2005 September 2008; 146 fulfill our criteria. derive redshift distribution this...