We searched for mutations in the CCK gene panic disorder with single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of three exons and promotor region gene. found a C→T transition at position −36 (CCK−36C→T) GC box, binding site transcription factor Sp1, region. The allele frequency was 0.168 (95% CI, 0.116–0.221) 98 persons 0.083 0.059–0.107) 247 geographically matched, unscreened controls. A transmission disequilibrium test based on as affected phenotype nonsignificant (X2 = 0.93), but...

Background: Empirical evidence suggests that there is a significant genetic influence in the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene (SLC6A4) has been identified as prime candidate for disorder, 5-HTT working target selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), first line treatment agents PTSD. Several studies have reported associations between 5-HTT-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism variants and increased rates PTSD civilian samples....

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex, multifactorial characterized by physical and behavioural disinhibition. Short interval cortical inhibition (SICI), measured in motor cortex with transcranial magnetic stimulation, reduced ADHD correlates symptom severity. However, medication-induced changes SICI vary widely among normal individuals have not been well studied children ADHD. Therefore, we undertook this study to measure compare effects of two medications,...

Studies have suggested PTSD to be associated with an inflammatory state, although few studies examined the balances between stimulatory and inhibitory immune mediators in PTSD. An exploratory approach was taken assess imbalances Th1 stimulatory, This focused on a tightly-controlled relatively homogeneous population of Veterans, all similar levels combat exposure Afghanistan Iraq wars, but some testing negative others positive for Although sample size small (6 controls 7 PTSD) limitation this...

We reported previously that increased acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase)-catalyzed hydrolysis of sphingomyelin, which leads to increases in ceramide and sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), played a key role the synergistic upregulation proinflammatory cytokines by palmitic (PA), major saturated fatty acid, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) macrophages. Since macrophages are vital players nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) atherosclerosis, we assessed effect ASMase inhibition on NASH atherosclerosis...

HOPA is an Xq13 chromosome gene that codes for a RXR nuclear receptor co-activator. In prior study of the genetic basis schizophrenia, we showed exonic polymorphisms in were associated with increased risk schizophrenia and hypothyroidism large cohort probands from New York. attempt to replicate these findings, examined this relationship 173 schizophrenic (128 males 45 females providing 218 alleles) Iowa. Consistent found rate HOPA12bp polymorphism compared random newborn controls (9 alleles...

Weak support for linkage of schizophrenia to proximal Xq has previously been reported. In addition, an increased prevalence thyroid disorder noted in families individuals with schizophrenia. Recently, a gene mapped Xq13 termed HOPA found be associated mental retardation, hypothyroidism, and depression function as coactivator the receptor. We therefore examined group 111 probands from larger cohort multiplex schizophrenia, several whom (n = 53) also had family history hypothyroidism. Four...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and Substance Use (SUD) have large public health impacts. Therefore, researchers attempted to identify those at greatest risk for these phenotypes. PTSD, MDD, SUD are in part genetically influenced. Additionally, genes the glutamate gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system implicated encoding of emotional fear memories, thus may impact The current study examined associations single nucleotide polymorphisms GAT1...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric condition with significant public health implications that arise following exposure to traumatic events. Recent studies highlight the involvement of immune dysregulation in PTSD, characterized by elevated inflammatory markers. However, precise mechanisms underlying this imbalance remain unclear. Previous research has implicated friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1), an erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS)...

Objective: To address the nature of associations between ADHD symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) psychopathology in adult military veterans. Method: Ninety-five combat veterans, with PTSD ( n = 63) without 32), were recruited for this study. was assessed Clinician-Administered Scale (CAPS) Connors’ Adult Rating Scale−Self-Report: Short Version (CAARS-S:S). Results: participants endorsed greater hyperactivity or restlessness, inattention memory problems, impulsivity emotional...

ABSTRACT Seismic attenuation compensation is a spectrum‐broadening technique for enhancing the resolution of non‐stationary seismic data. The single‐trace algorithms ignore prior information that reflection events are generally continuous along traces, thus, compensated result may have poor spatial continuity and low signal‐to‐noise ratio. To address this problem, we extend approaches to multi‐trace furthermore propose with constraint. frequency‐space prediction filters key construct...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often a chronic, disabling illness for which antidepressant medications (ie, SSRI) are considered the primary psychopharmacological treatment. However, many patients remain refractory to antidepressants alone or in combination with psychotherapy. Safe and effective treatments individuals PTSD needed. This study aimed examine ziprasidone augmentation of SSRI treatment PTSD.This was 2-phase study. In phase 1, subjects were treated paroxetine sertraline 8...

Background PTSD and ADHD often occur comorbidly. Research indicates that the cognitive deficits in may be related to same disturbance of fronto-temporal systems as observed ADHD, has been shown impact treatment outcomes. The presented study evaluated safety efficacy atomoxetine Veterans with comorbid ADHD/PTSD. Methods A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled, cross-over pilot feasibility was conducted. Atomoxetine examined an adjunctive over this 10 weeks, two phase, crossover which...

Several lines of research indicate a cholecystokinin (CCK) deficit in schizophrenia patients. A C to T substitution was found the promoter region CCK gene. We investigated this variant patients with and geographically-matchedcontrols. The allele detected 24% 85 schizophrenics 16% 247 controls. No significant difference frequency between controls (chi(2) = 2.77, P > 0.1). sample analyzed further along dimensions positive negative symptoms. prominent symptoms presented statistically...

Background: Norepinephrine (NE) dysregulation has been implicated as one of the mechanisms in development post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Norepinephrine transporter (NET) plays an important role regulating NE level at synapses.The gene NET is a potential research target for PTSD.However, few studies have examined genetic variants and DNA methylation regards to risk PTSD. Methods:We investigated 16 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across whole 506 veteran patients.Using subset...