Rotator cuff tears can cause irreversible changes (e.g., fibrosis) to the structure and function of injured muscle(s). Fibrosis leads increased muscle stiffness resulting in tension at rotator repair site. This influences repairability healing potential clinical setting. However, micro- meso-scale structural molecular sources these whole-muscle mechanical are poorly understood. Here, single fiber bundle passive testing was performed on rat supraspinatus infraspinatus muscles with...

Authors’ conclusions: parental immigrant status increases some perinatal risks. These risks vary depending on the immigration category of progenitors (family reunion, economic or refugee). Reviewers’ commentary: risk adverse outcomes is greater in infants born to mothers compared native population and highest refugee group. differences must be taken into account provide adequate health care social services these families.

Abstract Background Ctns −/− mice, a mouse model of infantile nephropathic cystinosis, exhibit hypermetabolism with adipose tissue browning and profound muscle wasting. mice are 25(OH)D 3 1,25(OH) 2 D insufficient. We investigated whether vitamin repletion could ameliorate wasting in mice. Methods Twelve‐month‐old wild‐type controls were treated (75 μg/kg/day 60 ng/kg/day, respectively) or an ethylene glycol vehicle for 6 weeks. Serum chemistry parameters energy homeostasis measured....

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are often 25(OH)D

Background Cryoneurolysis of peripheral nerves uses localised intense cold to induce a prolonged block over multiple weeks that has the promise providing potent analgesia outlasting duration postoperative pain following surgery, as well treat other acute and chronic states. However, it remains unclear whether persistent functional motor deficits remain cryoneurolysis mixed sensorimotor nerves, greatly limiting clinical application this modality. To help inform future research, we used rat...

Background Muscle wasting is a common complication in patients with infantile nephropathic cystinosis, but its mechanism and association energy metabolism not known. We define the metabolic phenotype Ctns−/− mice, an established murine model of focus on muscle homeostasis. Methods Male mice wild-type (WT) controls were studied at 1, 4, 9, 12 months age. As started to develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) 9 age, 9- 12-month-old also compared age-matched WT CKD. Serum urine chemistry...

Atrophy is thought to be a primary mode of muscle loss in neuromuscular injuries. The differential effects central and peripheral injuries on atrophy degeneration/regeneration skeletal tissue have not been well described. This study investigated an animal model traumatic brain injury (TBI). Eight 8-month-old wild-type C57BL6 mice underwent either sham craniotomy or TBI targeting the motor cortex. (fiber area; FA) (centralized nuclei proportions; CN) soleus tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were...

Abstract Many chronic musculoskeletal conditions are associated with loss of muscle volume and quality, resulting in functional decline. While atrophy has long been implicated as the mechanism these conditions, recent evidence emerged demonstrating a degenerative phenotype consisting disrupted fiber membranes, infiltration cells into fibers, previously describer, possible replacement fibers by adipose tissue. Here, we use human lumbar spine pathology model system to provide more...

Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) are the most marketed stem cell therapies to treat a variety of conditions in general population elite athletes. Both tissues have been used interchangeably clinically even though their detailed composition, heterogeneity, mechanisms action neither rigorously inventoried nor compared. This lack information has prevented investigations into ideal dosages facilitated anecdata misinformation. Here, we...

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a degenerative disease primarily affecting skeletal muscles in early childhood as well cardiac muscle at later stages. EDMD caused by number of mutations genes encoding proteins associated with the nuclear envelope (e.g., Emerin, Lamin A/C, and Nesprin). Recently, novel protein, Lim-domain only 7 (lmo7) has been reported to play role molecular pathogenesis EDMD. Prior vitro vivo studies suggested intriguing possibility that Lmo7 plays or...

Lysine acetylation is an important post-translational modification that regulates metabolic function in skeletal muscle. The acetyltransferase, general control of amino acid synthesis 5 (GCN5), has been proposed as a regulator mitochondrial biogenesis via its inhibitory action on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). However, the specific contribution GCN5 to muscle metabolism and adaptations endurance exercise vivo remain be defined. We aimed determine...

Abstract Rotator cuff (RC) tears present a treatment challenge due to muscle atrophy and degeneration, fatty infiltration, fibrosis. The purpose of this study was generate high time‐resolution model RC tear in rabbits characterize the progression architectural histological changes. Thirty‐five female New Zealand White (age: 6 months) underwent left supraspinatus tenotomy. Five were used evaluate immediate remaining 30 right shoulder sham surgery sacrifice at 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 weeks....

Although the signal pathways mediating muscle protein synthesis and degradation are well characterized, transcriptional processes modulating skeletal mass adaptive growth poorly understood. Recently, studies in mouse models of wasting or acutely exercised human have suggested a potential role for transcription factor transducer activator 3 (STAT3), growth. Hence, present study we sought to define contribution STAT3 In contrast previous work, two different resistance exercise protocols did...

The rabbit supraspinatus is a useful translational model for rotator cuff (RC) repair because it recapitulates muscle atrophy and fat accumulation observed in humans after chronic tear (the "first hit"). However, timeline of RC tissue response repair, especially with regard to recent evidence degeneration lack regeneration, currently unavailable. Thus, the purpose this study was characterize progression changes over time model. Two rounds experiments were conducted 2017-2018 2019-2020 N = 18...

Conditions affecting skeletal muscle, such as chronic rotator cuff tears, low back pain, dystrophies, and many others, often share changes in muscle phenotype: intramuscular adipose fibrotic tissue increase while contractile is lost. The underlying cell populations ratios observed with these phenotypic complicate the interpretation of tissue-level transcriptional data. Novel single-cell transcriptomics has limited capacity to address this problem because fibers are too long be engulfed...

We introduce an improved method to assess rabbit supraspinatus muscle physiology. Maximum isometric force measured for the was dramatically greater than previous reports in literature. Consequently, contractile stress reported is almost 10 times of supraspinatus, but similar available literature other mammalian skeletal muscle. show that peak were subphysiological by ∼90%

Rotator cuff (RC) tears are prevalent in the population above age of 60. The disease progression leads to muscle atrophy, fibrosis, and fatty infiltration chronic state, which is not improved with intervention or surgical repair. This highlights need better understand underlying dysfunction after RC tendon tear. Contemporary studies aimed at understanding pathobiology tear have considered transcriptional data mice, rats sheep models 2–3 time points (1 16 weeks post injury). However, none...

To assess the influence of presence nuchal cord (NC) on evaluation fetal ductus venosus flow velocity waveform (DV-FVW).This prospective study included 1174 normal non-selected singleton pregnancies between 11 and 13 + 6 weeks' gestation. We recorded or absence NC around neck, assessed its relationship with qualitative assessment quantitative measurement DV-FVW.We observed neck in 6.73% cases detected reversed a-wave DV-FVW 2.98% cases. In group without NC, 21 1095 had (1.9%; 95% CI,...

Chronic rotator cuff tears can cause severe functional deficits. Addressing the chronic fatty and fibrotic muscle changes is of high clinical interest; however, architectural physiological consequences tear repair are poorly characterized. We present a detailed analysis (both over 8 16 wk) compared with age-matched control rabbit supraspinatus (SSP) muscles. Using female New Zealand White Rabbits (

Abstract A common animal model of muscle pathology following rotator cuff tear (RCT) is a tenotomy the supraspinatus and infraspinatus, often combined with neurotomy suprascapular nerve, which induces more robust atrophy response than alone. However, utility this depends on its similarity to human post‐RCT, both in terms disease phenotype mechanisms fatty infiltration. Given clinical prevalence nerve injury low muscular denervation distinct from mechanical unloading other models, an...