A5043206101- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- interferon and immune responses
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Circular RNAs in diseases
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- RNA regulation and disease
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2015-2024
Université de Strasbourg
2013-2024
Architecture et Réactivité de l'arN
2014-2024
Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire
2014-2024
Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes
2002-2017
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2006-2007
Rockefeller University
2003-2007
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2006
University of Basel
2004
Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
2004
RNA silencing processes are guided by small RNAs that derived from double-stranded RNA. To probe for function of during infection human cells a DNA virus, we recorded the profile infected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We show EBV expresses several microRNA (miRNA) genes. Given miRNAs in pathways either targeting messenger degradation or repressing translation, identified viral regulators host and/or gene expression.
Recently identified hepatitis C virus (HCV) isolates that are infectious in cell culture provide a genetic system to evaluate the significance of virus-host interactions for HCV replication. We have completed systematic RNAi screen wherein siRNAs were designed target 62 host genes encoding proteins physically interact with RNA or belong cellular pathways thought modulate infection. This includes 10 we identify this study bind NS5A. 26 these alter production >3-fold. Included set Dicer,...
Abstract The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a good model to unravel the molecular mechanisms of innate immunity and has led some important discoveries about sensing signaling microbial infections. response virus infections remains poorly characterized appears involve two facets. On one hand, RNA interference involves recognition processing dsRNA into small interfering RNAs by host RNase Dicer-2 (Dcr-2), whereas, on other an inducible controlled evolutionarily conserved JAK-STAT pathway...
Abstract Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 21 to 23-nucleotide RNA molecules that regulate protein-coding gene expression in plants and animals via the interference pathway. Hundreds of them have been identified last five years very recent works indicate their total number is still larger. Therefore miRNAs discovery remains an important aspect understanding this new widely unknown regulation mechanism. Bioinformatics approaches proved be useful toward goal by guiding experimental...
Higher plants employ a homology-dependent RNA-degradation system known as posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) defense against virus infection. Several plant viruses are to encode proteins that can suppress PTGS. Here we show P0 of beet western yellows (BWYV) displays strong suppressor activity in transient expression assay based upon its ability inhibit PTGS green fluorescent protein (GFP) when expressed agro-infiltrated leaves Nicotiana benthamiana containing GFP transgene. was also...
Cytomegaloviruses express large amounts of viral miRNAs during lytic infection, yet, they only modestly alter the cellular miRNA profile. The most prominent alteration upon murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection is rapid degradation miR-27a and miR-27b. Here, we report that this regulation mediated by ∼1.7 kb spliced highly abundant MCMV m169 transcript. Specificity to miR-27a/b a single, apparently optimized, binding site located in its 3'-UTR. This easily efficiently retargeted other...
Resident cells, such as fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), play a crucial role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They are implicated the inflammatory response and key osteoarticular destruction. Moreover, RA FLS spread to unaffected joints. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns damage-associated have been found activate by interacting with pattern recognition receptors, TLR. express large number of TLR, TLR2 was demonstrated be involved inflammation. Because microRNA emerged important...
In mammals, microRNAs (miRNAs) can play diverse roles in viral infection through their capacity to regulate both host and genes. Recent reports have demonstrated that specific miRNAs change expression level upon impact production infectivity. It is clear are an integral component of viral–host interactions, it likely virus contain mechanisms miRNA and/or activity. To date, little known about the by which regulated infection. Here we report rapid down-regulation miR-27a multiple mouse cell...
Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key players in the regulation of expression target mRNAs expression. They been associated with diverse biological processes, and recent studies demonstrated that miRNAs play a role inflammatory responses. We reported previously LPS-activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) isolated from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients express IL-18 mRNA but they do not release IL-18. Based on observation this inhibition was due to rapid degradation mRNA, our...
Activation of innate antiviral responses in multicellular organisms relies on the recognition structural differences between viral and cellular RNAs. Double-stranded (ds)RNA, produced during replication, is a well-known activator defenses triggers interferon production vertebrates RNAi invertebrates plants. Previous work mammalian cells indicates that negative-strand RNA viruses do not appear to generate dsRNA, activation immunity triggered by uncapped 5′ ends RNA. This finding raises...
Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes a cluster of twelve micro (mi)RNAs, which are abundantly expressed during both latent and lytic infection. Previous studies reported that KSHV is able to inhibit apoptosis infection; we thus tested the involvement viral miRNAs in this process. We found HEK293 epithelial cells DG75 stably expressing were protected from apoptosis. Potential cellular targets significantly down-regulated upon expression identified by microarray profiling. Among them,...
Objective To evaluate whether miR-20a belonging to the cluster miR-17–92 is a negative regulator of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) by modulating expression apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK) 1, key component toll-like receptors 4 pathway, upstream p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Methods Evaluation and ASK1 mRNA was performed RT-qPCR. assessed western blotting. Overexpression transfection RA FLS THP-1 cells with mimics. Interleukin...
The mechanism by which micro (mi)RNAs control their target gene expression is now well understood. It however less clear how the level of miRNAs themselves regulated. Under specific conditions, abundant and highly complementary RNA can trigger miRNA degradation a involving nucleotide addition exonucleolytic degradation. One such has been previously observed to occur naturally during viral infection. To date, molecular details this phenomenon are not known. We report here that both degree...
Summary In plants, post‐transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is part of a defence mechanism against virus infection. Several plant viruses have been shown to encode proteins which can counteract PTGS. this paper it demonstrated that P15 peanut clump pecluvirus (PCV) has anti‐PTGS activity. small cysteine‐rich protein with no sequence similarity previously described PTGS‐suppressor several novel properties. It possesses four C‐terminal proximal heptad repeats potentially mediate coiled‐coil...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a human hepatotropic virus, but the relevant host factors restricting HCV infection to hepatocytes are only partially understood. We demonstrate that exogenous expression of defined reconstituted entire life cycle in nonhepatic 293T cells. This study shows robust entry, RNA replication, and production infectious cells highlights key required for liver tropism HCV.
TNF-α is a major cytokine implicated in rheumatoid arthritis. Its expression regulated both at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels recent data demonstrated that miRNAs are response macrophages. LPS-activated FLS isolated from RA patients express mRNA but not mature protein. This prompted us to look for which could be this anti-inflammatory effect. Using microarray, we found two miRNAs, miR-125b miR-939 predicted target 3'-UTR of mRNA, up-regulated LPS, their repression did...