Abstract —Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been identified in renal tissues under normal conditions, with its expression enhanced during sodium restriction. To evaluate the role of COX-2–derived metabolites regulation function, we infused a selective inhibitor (nimesulide) anesthetized dogs or low intake. The effects elicited by nimesulide and non–isozyme-specific (meclofenamate) were compared In ex vivo assays, meclofenamate, but not nimesulide, prevented platelet aggregation arachidonic acid....

The effects of dynamic exercise on restenosis after vascular injury are still unknown. consequences balloon dilation–induced neointimal hyperplasia, negative remodeling, and reendothelialization were assessed in sedentary trained rats. Ex vivo eNOS expression activity investigated carotid arteries isolated from exercised inhibition by L-NMMA vessel wall dilation evaluated We also the formation a rat stent model injury. Compared with group, rats showed higher levels protein 7 days dilation. A...

The present study evaluated the effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction on changes in renal outer medullary nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite levels during 45-min ischemia 30-min reperfusion anesthetized rats. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood flow (OMBF), HO synthase (NOS) isoform expression, low-molecular-weight thiols (–SH) were also determined. During significant increases NO signal observed (from 832.1 ± 129.3 to 2,928.6 502.0 nM from 3.8 0.7 9.0 1.6 nA before ischemia,...

We examined the effects of heme administration (15 mg/kg IV) on indexes renal carbon monoxide production and contrasted functional response to in anesthetized rats pretreated not with stannous mesoporphyrin (40 micromol/kg inhibit oxygenase or sodium meclofenamate (5 IV plus infusion at 10 microg/kg per minute) cyclooxygenase. In without drug pretreatment, decreased vascular resistance increased blood flow, urine volume, excretion associated augmented urinary 6-keto-PGF1alpha enhanced...

The aim of this study was to assess the effects acute or prolonged increases ANG II on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities and protein expression in mesenteric resistance vessels, left ventricle, renal cortex, medulla. response NOS is compared with that induced by phenylephrine. phenylephrine were infused over either 3 h days conscious rats. activity examined measuring rate conversion ofl-[ 14 C]arginine tol-[ C]citrulline. Protein levels endothelial (e) neuronal (n) determined Western...

Females suffer a less severe ischemic acute renal failure than males, apparently because of higher nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and/or lower levels oxidative stress. Because the injury is associated with outer medullary (OM) endothelial dysfunction, present study evaluated sex differences in OM changes NO and peroxynitrite (by differential pulse voltammetry amperometry, respectively) during 45 min ischemia 60 reperfusion anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Endothelial synthase (eNOS)...

We tested the hypothesis that status of NO synthesis influences renal heme-heme oxygenase system. Studies were conducted in untreated rats and treated with inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester for 2 days. Treated contrasted terms expression heme oxygenase-1 -2, carbon monoxide (CO)-generating activity, urinary CO concentration excretion rate. Heme -2 proteins similarly expressed kidneys rats. In contrast, NADPH-dependent component CO-generating activity homogenates incubated (a...

We studied the effects of heme oxygenase (HO) inhibitor stannous mesoporphyrin (SnMP; 40 micromol/kg i.v.) on renal hemodynamics in anesthetized rats with and without 48-h pretreatment N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. SnMP decreased blood flow (RBF) increased vascular resistance (RVR) both groups. The SnMP-induced reduction RBF L-NAME-pretreated was more prominent than (43 +/- 7 vs. 13 3%) as elevation RVR (87 31 14 5%). vasoconstrictor effect is...

Heme oxygenase (HO)-derived carbon monoxide (CO) attenuates vascular reactivity to constrictor stimuli. ANG II produces vasoconstriction and induces HO-1 isoform expression. However, direct evidence that promotes HO product generation is lacking. Therefore, we examined the effects of on CO release expression in isolated rat kidneys. Kidneys were perfused with oxygenated Krebs buffer. (1 micromol/l) increased (P < 0.05) perfusion pressure from 97 +/- 9 150 14 mmHg; it also concentration...

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is induced by oxidative stress and plays an important role in protecting the kidney from oxidant-mediated damage streptozotocin (STZ) rat model of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1). HO-derived metabolites, presumably carbon monoxide (CO), mediate vasodilatory influences renal circulation, particularly conditions linked to elevated HO-1 protein expression or diminished nitric oxide (NO) levels. We tested hypothesis that increases induces expression, which contributes...

Intrauterine programming of cardiovascular and renal function occurs in diabetes because the adverse maternal environment. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) -2 (HO-2) exert vasodilatory antioxidant actions, particularly conditions elevated HO-1 expression or deficient nitric oxide levels. We evaluated whether activity heme-HO system is differentially regulated by oxidative stress female offspring diabetic mothers, contributing to improved comparison with males. Diabetes was induced pregnant rats a...

The objective of this study was to examine the role cylcooxygenase (COX)-2-derived prostaglandins (PG) in modulating renal hemodynamic effects norepinephrine (NE) during low or normal sodium intake. relative contribution each COX isoform producing PG that attenuate NE intake also evaluated. response three doses (50, 100, and 250 ng · kg −1 min ) evaluated anesthetized dogs pretreated with vehicle, a selective COX-2 inhibitor (nimesulide), nonselective (meclofenamate). Intrarenal infusion two...

The present study evaluated whether catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibition in pregnant rats results increased blood pressure and vascular endothelial dysfunction as a consequence of decreased nitric oxide bioavailability. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley were given entacapone (a inhibitor) by gavage from the 10th to 20th day pregnancy. Blood was measured plethysmography tail artery. Vascular function NO release assessed both absence presence tempol. Systolic significantly treated with compared...

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) reduces maternal adiponectin and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) materno-fetal transfer, which may have negative consequences for the offspring. Our aim was to evaluate effects of administration a novel agonist (AdipoRon) GDM rats on long-term in glycaemia fatty acids (FA) profile Pregnant were randomized three groups: (GDM, n = 8), treated with AdipoRon (GDM + ADI, 9), control (n 10). Diabetes induced streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) day 12 gestation. GDM+ADI...

This is the first study, to our knowledge, showing that SGLT2 inhibition potentiates beneficial cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic effects elicited by sGC stimulation in hypertensive rats with prolonged high-fat diet. The of simultaneous administration praliciguat empagliflozin are greater than those either one alone. treatment may be related a reduction inflammatory status.

Background Tolvaptan (TV) is the first vasopressin-receptor antagonist approved for treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). No publications report TV experience in real clinical practice during year treatment. Methods A prospective study an initial cohort 220 rapidly progressing patients treated with 12 months. The tolerability TV, evolution estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), analytical parameters, and blood pressure were analyzed. Results total 163...

The aim of this study was to examine the relative contribution both cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms in producing prostaglandins (PG) involved regulation renal function, when nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is reduced. In anesthetized dogs with reduction NO synthesis, effects a nonisozyme-specific COX inhibitor (meclofenamate) were compared those elicited by selective COX-2 (nimesulide) before and during an extracellular volume expansion (ECVE). Intrarenal N G - nitro-l-arginine methyl ester...

-It has been reported that bradykinin (BK) can induce or activate both cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms and the renal effects of BK seem to be mediated by prostaglandins NO. The first objective this study was evaluate relative contribution COX in mediating response anesthetized dogs. second examine whether COX-2 inhibition potentiates induced NO reduction during administration. Intrarenal infusion (8 ng. kg(-1). min(-1), n=6) elicited a significant increment blood flow, sodium excretion, urine...

Heme Oxygenase (HO) –1 and –2 exert antioxidant, cytoprotective vascular actions in male diabetic rats. However, there is no information about the expression functional significance of renal HO system females. The present study tested hypothesis that differentially regulated kidney female Sprague Dawley rats, protecting it from nitrosative glomerular damage. Two weeks after administration streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg. i.p), males (DM) females (DF) showed hyperglycemia, polyuria elevated...

We have shown that NO production, assessed by measuring changes in plasma nitrate concentration, is down-regulated when blood pressure falls. This study intended to determine first, whether NO-derived varies response increases induced different mechanical and pharmacologic stimuli, including angiotensin II catecholamines; second, specifically the interaction between production. An intravenous infusion (4-10 min) of norepinephrine (7.5 μg/kg/min), phenylephrine (30 or (0.3 3 μg/kg/min) caused...