A5046943171- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Conferences and Exhibitions Management
- Blood donation and transfusion practices
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2018-2024
Epicentre (South Africa)
2021-2024
Université Catholique de Bukavu
2021
Johns Hopkins University
2021
Médecins Sans Frontières
2020
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2014-2018
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold> Interventions are now in place worldwide to reduce transmission of the novel coronavirus. Assessing temporal variations different countries is essential for evaluating effectiveness public health interventions and impact changes policy.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold> We use case notification data generate daily estimates time-dependent reproduction number regions countries. Our modelling framework, based on open source tooling, accounts...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold>Assessing temporal variations in transmission different countries is essential for monitoring the epidemic, evaluating effectiveness of public health interventions and estimating impact changes policy.</ns4:p><ns4:p/><ns4:p><ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold>We use case death notification data to generate daily estimates time-varying reproduction number globally, regionally, nationally, subnationally over a 12-week rolling window. Our modelling framework,...
Significance Big data and, in particular, mobile phone are expected to revolutionize epidemiology, yet their full potential is still untapped. Here, we take a significant step forward by developing an epidemiological model that accounts for the spatiotemporal patterns of human mobility derived directly tracking properly anonymized users. Such allow us investigate, with unprecedented level detail, effect mass gatherings can have on spreading waterborne diseases like cholera. Identifying and...
The recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-Zaire Ebola virus (rVSV-ZEBOV) vaccine is the only WHO prequalified recommended for use to respond outbreaks of (species Zaire ebolavirus) by WHO's Strategic Advisory Group Experts on Immunization. Despite vaccine's widespread during several outbreaks, no real-world effectiveness estimates are currently available in literature.
Cholera prevention and control interventions targeted to neighbors of cholera cases (case-area [CATIs]), including improved water, sanitation, hygiene, oral vaccine (OCV), prophylactic antibiotics, may be able efficiently avert deaths while saving scarce resources during epidemics. Efforts quickly target have been made in recent outbreaks, but little empirical evidence related the effectiveness, efficiency, or ideal design this approach exists. Here, we aim provide practical guidance on how...
Background Unrest in Myanmar August 2017 resulted the movement of over 700,000 Rohingya refugees to overcrowded camps Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. A large outbreak diphtheria subsequently began this population. Methods and findings Data were collected during mass vaccination campaigns (MVCs), contact tracing activities, from 9 Diphtheria Treatment Centers (DTCs) operated by national international organizations. These data used describe epidemiological clinical features control measures prevent...
Between August and December 2017, more than 625,000 Rohingya from Myanmar fled into Bangladesh, settling in informal makeshift camps Cox's Bazar district joining 212,000 already present. In early November, a diphtheria outbreak hit the camps, with 440 reported cases during first month. A rise led to collaboration between teams Médecins sans Frontières—who were running provisional treatment centre—and London School of Hygiene Tropical Medicine goal use transmission dynamic models forecast...
Cholera remains a major threat in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where some of the highest case-fatality rates are reported. Knowing what months and cholera tends to occur across continent could aid improving efforts eliminate as public health concern. However, largely due absence unified large-scale datasets, no continent-wide estimates exist. In this study, we aimed estimate seasonality SSA explore correlation between hydroclimatic variables seasonality.Using global database Global Task Force...
More than three years after its appearance in Haiti, cholera has already caused more 8,500 deaths and 695,000 infections it is feared to become endemic. However, no clear evidence of a stable environmental reservoir pathogenic Vibrio cholerae, the infective agent disease, emerged so far, suggesting possibility that transmission cycle disease being maintained by bacteria freshly shed infected individuals. Should this be case, could principle eradicated from Haiti. Here, we develop framework...
Targeted interventions have been delivered to neighbors of cholera cases in major epidemic responses globally despite limited evidence for the impact such targeting. Using data from urban epidemics Chad and Democratic Republic Congo, we estimate extent spatiotemporal zones increased risk around cases. In both cities, found at least 200 meters during 5 days immediately after case presentation a clinic. Risk was highest those living closest diminished time space similarly across settings....
Cholera was introduced into Haiti in 2010. Since then, more than 820 000 cases and nearly 10 deaths have been reported. Oral cholera vaccine (OCV) is safe effective, but has not seen as a primary tool for elimination due to limited period of protection constrained supplies. Regionally, epidemic contained the island Hispaniola, lowest numbers since began were reported 2019. Hence, may represent unique opportunity eliminate with OCV.
Despite major attempts to prevent cholera transmission, millions of people worldwide still must address this devastating disease. Cholera research has so far mainly focused on the causative agent, bacterium Vibrio cholerae, or disease treatment, but rarely were results from both fields interconnected. Indeed, treatment severe diarrheal is mostly accomplished by oral rehydration therapy (ORT), whereby water and electrolytes are replenished. Commonly distributed salts also contain glucose....
Computational models of cholera transmission can provide objective insights into the course an ongoing epidemic and aid decision making on allocation health care resources. However, are typically designed, calibrated interpreted post-hoc. Here, we report efforts a team from academia, field research humanitarian organizations to model in near real-time Haitian outbreak after Hurricane Matthew October 2016, assess risk quantitatively estimate efficacy then vaccination campaign. A...
Although treatment for cholera is well-known and cheap, outbreaks in epidemic regions still exact high death tolls mostly due to the unpreparedness of health care infrastructures face unforeseen emergencies. In this context, mathematical models prediction evolution an ongoing outbreak are paramount importance. Here, we test a real-time forecasting framework that readily integrates new information as soon available periodically issues updated forecast. The spread modeled by spatially-explicit...
The ongoing Ebola outbreak in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo is facing unprecedented levels insecurity and violence. We evaluate likely impact terms added transmissibility cases major security incidents Butembo coordination hub. also show that despite this additional burden, an adapted response strategy involving enlarged ring vaccination around clusters enhanced community engagement managed to bring main hotspot under control.
Abstract Mathematical models of cholera dynamics can not only help in identifying environmental drivers and processes that influence disease transmission, but may also represent valuable tools for the prediction epidemiological patterns time space as well allocation health care resources. Cholera outbreaks have been reported Democratic Republic Congo since 1970s. They ravaging shore Lake Kivu east country repeatedly during last decades. Here we employ a spatially explicit, inhomogeneous...
Predictive models of epidemic cholera need to resolve at suitable aggregation levels spatial data pertaining local communities, epidemiological records, hydrologic drivers, waterways, patterns human mobility and proxies exposure rates. We address the above issue in a formal model comparison framework provide quantitative assessment explanatory predictive abilities various settings with different coupling mechanisms. Reference is made records recent Haiti epidemics. Our intensive computations...
Abstract Background Cholera epidemics continue to challenge disease control, particularly in fragile and conflict-affected states. Rapid detection response small cholera clusters is key for efficient control before an epidemic propagates. To understand the capacity early states, we investigated delays outbreak detection, investigation, response, laboratory confirmation, estimated sizes. We assessed predictors of delays, annual changes time. Methods compiled a list outbreaks states from 2008...
To describe the implementation of case-area targeted interventions to reduce cholera transmission using a rapid, localized response in Kribi district, Cameroon.We used cross-sectional design study interventions. We initiated after rapid diagnostic test confirmation case cholera. households within 100-250 metre perimeter around index (spatial targeting). The package included: health promotion, oral vaccination, antibiotic chemoprophylaxis for nonimmunized direct contacts, point-of-use water...
In the summer of 2017, an estimated 745,000 Rohingya fled to Bangladesh in what has been described as one largest and fastest growing refugee crises world. Among numerous health concerns, outbreak acute jaundice syndrome (AJS) was detected by disease surveillance system early 2018 among population. This paper describes investigation into increase AJS cases, process results investigation, which were strongly suggestive a large due hepatitis A virus (HAV). An enhanced serological conducted...
Cholera outbreaks in fragile settings are prone to rapid expansion. Case-area targeted interventions (CATIs) have been proposed as a and efficient response strategy halt or substantially reduce the size of small outbreaks. CATI aims deliver synergistic (eg, water, sanitation, hygiene interventions, vaccination, antibiotic chemoprophylaxis) households 100-250 m 'ring' around primary outbreak cases. We report on protocol for prospective observational study effectiveness CATI. Médecins Sans...