A5075870916- Malaria Research and Control
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Reproductive tract infections research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Plant and animal studies
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Genital Health and Disease
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Complement system in diseases
- Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Studies
Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie
2021-2025
Collège de France
2021-2025
Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
2021-2025
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2014-2025
Inserm
2021-2025
Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway
2021-2023
University of Edinburgh
2022-2023
University of Toronto
2016-2022
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2016
University of Groningen
2016
Meta-analysis is the gold standard for synthesis in ecology and evolution. Together with estimating overall effect magnitudes, meta-analyses estimate differences between sizes via heterogeneity statistics. It widely hypothesized that will be present ecological/evolutionary due to system-specific nature of biological phenomena. Despite driving recommended best practices, generality ecological data has never been systematically reviewed. We reviewed 700 studies, finding 325 used formal...
Statistical correlations of biodiversity patterns across multiple trophic levels have received considerable attention in various types interacting assemblages, forging a universal understanding and processes free‐living communities. Host–parasite interactions present an ideal model system for studying congruence species richness among taxa as obligate parasites are strongly dependent upon the availability their hosts survival reproduction while also having tight coevolutionary relationship...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections drive one in 20 new cancer cases, exerting a particularly high burden on women. Most anogenital HPV are cleared less than two years, but the underlying mechanisms that favour persistence around 10% of women remain largely unknown. Notwithstanding, it is precisely this information crucial for improving treatment, screening, and vaccination strategies. To understand viral immune dynamics non-persisting infections, we set up an observational longitudinal...
The vaginal microbiota is known to affect women's health. Yet, there a notable paucity of high-resolution follow-up studies lasting several months, which would be required interrogate the long-term dynamics and associations with demographic behavioural covariates. Here, we present longitudinal cohort study 125 women, followed for median duration 8.6 11 samples collected per woman. Using hierarchical Bayesian Markov model, characterised patterns community persistence transition,...
Identifying ecological drivers of disease transmission is central to understanding risks. For vector-borne diseases, temperature a major determinant because vital parameters determining the fitness parasites and vectors are highly temperature-sensitive, including extrinsic incubation period required for develop within vector. Temperature also underlies dramatic differences in individual-level variation period, yet influence this largely unexplored. We incorporate empirical estimates dengue...
The biology of vaccine or infection-derived immunity effectiveness is sometimes overlooked by mathematical models. In particular, differences may arise when one chooses a polarised – individuals are either fully susceptible completely immune compared to the leaky paradigm where all partially protected up degree. We explore between two thanks non- Markovian formalism, which allows us explicitly record ‘age’ and vary its accordingly. A simple scenario reveals that leads shorter time...
Abstract For parasites, robust proliferation within hosts is crucial for establishing the infection and creating opportunities onward transmission. While faster enhances transmission rates, it often assumed to curtail duration by killing host (virulence), a trade-off constraining parasite evolution. Yet in many diseases, including malaria, preponderance of infections with mild or absent symptoms suggests that mortality not sufficient constraint, raising question what restrains evolution...
Stable isotopes are widely used to identify trophic interactions and determine positions of organisms in food webs. Comparative studies have provided general insights into the variation isotopic composition between consumers their diet (discrimination factors) predator–prey herbivore–plant relationships while other major components webs such as host–parasite been largely overlooked. In this study, we conducted a literature‐based comparative analysis using phylogenetically‐controlled mixed...
Abstract Many components of host–parasite interactions have been shown to affect the way virulence (i.e. parasite‐induced harm host) evolves. However, coevolution multiple parasite traits is often neglected. We explore how an immunosuppressive adaptation parasites affects and coevolves with in infections. Applying adaptive dynamics framework epidemiological models coinfection, we show that immunosuppression a double‐edged sword for evolution virulence. On one hand, it amplifies benefit by...
Mathematical modelling plays a key role in understanding and predicting the epidemiological dynamics of infectious diseases. We construct flexible discrete-time model that incorporates multiple viral strains with different transmissibilities to estimate changing patterns human contact generates new infections. Using Bayesian approach, we fit longitudinal data on hospitalisation COVID-19 from Republic Ireland Northern during first year pandemic. describe estimated change context...
Abstract Intraspecific phenotypic diversification in social organisms often leads to formation of physical castes which are morphologically specialized for particular tasks within the colony. The optimal caste allocation theory argues that morphological efficient at specific tasks, and hence different ratios should affect ergonomic efficiency, reproductive output However, has been documented few species insects with equivocal support theory. This study investigated whether nonreproductive...
Organisms have evolved a variety of defence mechanisms against natural enemies, which are typically used at the expense other life history components. Induced impose minor costs when pathogens absent, but mounting an induced response can be time-consuming. Therefore, to ensure timely protection, organisms may partly rely on constitutive despite its sustained cost that renders it less economical. Existing theoretical models addressing optimal combination versus focus solely host adaptation...
Non-pharmaceutical interventions have played a key role in managing the COVID-19 pandemic, but it is challenging to estimate their impacts on disease spread and outcomes. On island of Ireland, population mobility restrictions were imposed during first wave, mask-wearing was not mandated until about six months into pandemic. We use data mask-wearing, mobility, season, over year pandemic predict independently weekly infectious contact estimated by an epidemiological model. Using our models, we...
Abstract The vaginal microbiota is categorised into five main community state types (CST) that are known to affect women’s health. Yet, there a notable paucity of high-resolution follow-up studies lasting several months, which required interrogate the long-term dynamics and associations with demographic behavioural covariates. Here, we present longitudinal cohort 125 women followed for median duration 8.6 providing 11 samples per woman. Using hierarchical Bayesian Markov model, characterised...
The vaginal microbiota has demonstrated associations with women's and newborns' health. Despite its comparatively simple composition relative to other human systems, the ecological processes that underpin dynamics stability of microbial communities remain mechanistically elusive. A crucial, yet so far under-explored, aspect ecology is role played by nutritional resources. Glycogen derivatives, produced epithelia, are accessible all bacterial constituents microbiota. Concurrently, free sialic...
The vaginal ecosystem is a key component of women's health. It also represents an ideal system for ecologists to investigate the consequence perturbations on species diversity and emerging properties between organizational levels. Here, we study how exposure different types menstrual products linked microbial, immunological, demographic, behavioural measurements in cohort young adult women who reported using more often tampons (n = 107) or cups 31). We first found that cup users were older...
Lay Summary: Competition often occurs among diverse parasites within a single host, but control efforts could change its strength. We examined how the interplay between competition and shape evolution of parasite traits like drug resistance disease severity.
To understand why some hosts get sicker than others from the same type of infection, it is essential to explain how key processes, such as host responses infection and parasite growth, are influenced by various biotic abiotic factors. In many disease systems, initial dose impacts morbidity mortality. explore drivers dose-dependence individual variation in outcomes, we devised a mathematical model malaria that allowed traits be linear functions (reaction norms) dose. We fitted model, using...