We present the use of functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to combat multi-drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Tuning functional groups on nanoparticle surface provided that were effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive uropathogens, including pathogens. These AuNPs exhibited low toxicity mammalian cells, bacterial resistance was not observed after 20 generations. A strong structure–activity relationship as a function AuNP functionality, providing guidance activity...

Understanding the interactions of nanomaterials with immune system is essential for engineering new macromolecular systems in vivo applications. Systematic study activation challenging due to complex structure most probes. We present here use engineered gold nanoparticles determine sole effect hydrophobicity on response splenocytes. The gene expression profile a range cytokines (immunological reporters) was analyzed against calculated log P nanoparticle headgroups, an essentially linear...

Correlation of the surface physicochemical properties nanoparticles with their interactions biosystems provides key foundational data for nanomedicine. We report here systematic synthesis 2, 4, and 6 nm core gold (AuNP) featuring neutral (zwitterionic), anionic, cationic headgroups. The cellular internalization these AuNPs was quantified, providing a parametric evaluation charge size effects. Contrasting behavior observed systems: zwitterionic anionic particles, uptake decreased increasing...

Background Inorganic nanoparticles provide promising tools for biomedical applications including detection, diagnosis and therapy. While surface properties such as charge are expected to play an important role in their vivo behavior, very little is known how the chemistry of influences pharmacokinetics, tumor uptake, biodistribution. Method/Principal Findings Using a family structurally homologous we have investigated pharmacological uptake biodistribution influenced by using neutral...

A protein corona is formed at the surface of nanoparticles in presence biological fluids, masking properties particle and complicating relationship between chemical functionality effects. We present here a series zwitterionic NPs variable hydrophobicity that do not adsorb proteins moderate levels serum form hard coronas physiological concentrations. These particles provide platforms to evaluate nanobiological behavior such as cell uptake hemolysis dictated directly by motifs nanoparticle surface.

Using a family of cationic gold nanoparticles (NPs) with similar size and charge, we demonstrate that proper surface engineering can control the nature identity protein corona in physiological serum conditions. The coronas were highly dependent on hydrophobicity arrangement chemical motifs NP surface. NPs uptaken macrophages corona-dependent manner, predominantly through recognition specific complement proteins corona. Taken together, this study shows functionality be used to tune formed...

Understanding the interactions of nanomaterials with biosystems is a critical goal in both biomedicine and environmental science. Engineered nanoparticles provide excellent tools for probing this interface. In feature article, we will summarize one themes presented our recent Langmuir lecture discussing use monolayer design to understand control biomolecules cells.

Surface chemistry plays a deciding role in nanoparticle biodistribution, yet very little is known about how surface influences the suborgan distributions of nanomaterials. Here, using quantitative imaging based on laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), we demonstrate that charge dictates nanoparticles kidney, liver, and spleen mice intravenously injected with functionalized gold nanoparticles. Images kidney show positively charged accumulate extensively...

Abstract A nanoparticle design featuring pH‐responsive alkoxyphenyl acylsulfonamide ligands is reported herein. As a result of ligand structure, this neutral at pH 7.4, becoming positively charged tumor (<6.5). The particle uptake and cytotoxicity increase over range. This pH‐controlled toxicity makes promising tool for selective therapy.

The role of nanoparticle surface hydrophobicity on its hemolytic property is established in the absence and presence plasma proteins. Significantly, formation protein corona NP protects red blood cells from both hydrophilic hydrophobic NP-mediated hemolysis.

Gold nanoparticles provide an excellent platform for biological and material applications due to their unique physical chemical properties. However, decreased colloidal stability formation of irreversible aggregates while freeze-drying nanomaterials limit use in real world applications. Here, we report a new generation surface ligands based on combination short oligo (ethylene glycol) chains zwitterions capable providing nonfouling characteristics maintaining functionalization capabilities....

We introduce a promising methodology to identify new therapeutic targets in cancer. Proteins bind nanoparticles form protein corona. modulate this corona by using surface-engineered nanoparticles, and composition provide insight into disease development.Using family of structurally homologous we have investigated the changes around surface-functionalized gold (AuNPs) from normal malignant ovarian cell lysates. Proteomics analysis mass spectrometry identified hepatoma-derived growth factor...

Identification of infectious bacteria responsible for biofilm-associated infections is challenging due to the complex and heterogeneous biofilm matrix. To address this issue minimize impact heterogeneity on identification, we developed a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based multichannel sensor detect identify biofilms based their physicochemical properties. Our results showed that can discriminate six bacterial including two composed uropathogenic bacteria. The capability was further demonstrated...

Although miniaturisation of vibrational spectrometers began approximately a decade ago, only within the last couple years have real hand-held Raman, infrared and near (NIR) scanning became commercially available. On customer end development portable instrumentation was driven by request for more flexibility on-site measurements on manufacturer side it supported potential advantages micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) production implementation new technologies. With reference to NIR...

Low-cost diagnostics for drinking water contamination have the potential to save millions of lives. We report a method that uses inkjet printing copattern an enzyme-nanoparticle sensor and substrate on paper-based test strip rapid detection bacteria. A colorimetric response is generated paper allows visual without need expensive instrumentation. These strips demonstrate viable nanomanufacturing strategy low-cost bacterial detection.

Imaging of nanomaterials in biological tissues provides vital information for the development nanotherapeutics and diagnostics. Multiplexed imaging different nanoparticles (NPs) greatly reduces costs, need to use multiple animals, increases biodistribution that can enhance diagnostic applications accelerate screening potential therapeutics. Various approaches have been developed NPs; however, readout existing techniques relies on specific properties core material or surface ligands, these...

A critical factor for controlling serum albumin binding is surface hydrophobicity, which in turn decreases the cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles. Hydrophobic nanoparticles bind more tightly, inhibiting particle uptake, with a direct correlation observed between and hydrophobicity.

Experiments and computer simulations provide a new perspective that strong correlations of counterions with charged nanoparticles can influence the localization at liquid-liquid interfaces support formation voltage-tunable nanoparticle arrays. We show ion condensation onto facilitates their transport from aqueous-side an interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions to organic-side, but contiguous interface. Counterion highly overcomes electrostatic barrier presented by low...

Bacterial biofilms are associated with persistent infections and antibiotics resistance which substantially complicate patient care. Surface engineering of nanoparticles represents a novel unconventional approach to disrupt target bacterial pathogens.

A sensor array composed of eight functionalized gold nanoparticles and a fluorescent polymer was utilized to identify 11 glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) by their chemical signatures. Particle ligand structure key in differentiating analytes, with aromatic specific sugar functionalities recognizing GAG structural parameters including sulfonation, acetylation, epimeric structure, size, charge.