A5037743826- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Diversity and Career in Medicine
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Academic Writing and Publishing
- Career Development and Diversity
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
- Health and Medical Research Impacts
- Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Sex and Gender in Healthcare
George Washington University
2020-2024
University of Rochester
2004-2024
Children's National
2017-2024
University of Rochester Medical Center
2012-2024
Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience
2021-2022
National Research Institute
2021
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
2020
University College London
2020
University of Aberdeen
2018-2020
Lakehead University
2017
Astrocytes modulate synaptic activity by changing the local concentration of extracellular K + .
Adenosine is a potent anticonvulsant acting on excitatory synapses through A1 receptors. Cellular release of ATP, and its subsequent extracellular enzymatic degradation to adenosine, could provide powerful mechanism for astrocytes control the activity neural networks during high-intensity activity. Despite adenosine's importance, cellular source adenosine remains unclear. We report here that multiple enzymes degrade ATP in brain tissue, whereas only Nt5e degrades AMP adenosine. However,...
Experimental advances in the study of neuroglia signaling have been greatly accelerated by generation transgenic mouse models. In particular, an elegant manipulation that interferes with astrocyte vesicular release gliotransmitters via overexpression a dominant-negative domain SNARE (dnSNARE) has led to documented astrocytic involvement processes were traditionally considered strictly neuronal, including sleep–wake cycle, LTP, cognition, cortical slow waves, depression, and pain. A key...
Fluorescent Ca2+ indicators have been essential for the analysis of signaling events in various cell types. We showed that chemical indicators, but not a genetically encoded indicator, potently suppressed activity Na+- and K+-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (Na,K-ATPase), independently their chelating activity. Loading commonly used including Fluo-4 acetoxymethyl (AM), Rhod-2 AM, Fura-2 chelator BAPTA AM into cultured mouse or human neurons, astrocytes, cardiomyocytes, kidney proximal...
The fluorescence viewing of mitochondria is commonly performed by MitoTracker, a lipophilic cationic dye that taken up the mitochondria. In this forum, we highlight several issues may occur with including staining other organelles. Our aim to offer alternative dyes and discuss their advantages disadvantages. We also options for software alternatives MitoTracker expedite future experimental design.
Abstract We investigated the expression and regulation of zinc finger protein Osterix (Osx) during endochondral ossification in mice. In studies to determine temporal spatial Osx mRNA embryogenesis we found it be present throughout development, but its is restricted immature chondro/osteoprogenitor cells mature osteoblasts, excluding hypertrophic chondrocytes. Using a fracture model, show consistent pattern mesenchymal progenitor periosteum chondrocytes osteoblasts embedded callus. contrast,...
Abstract Despite extensive research on astrocytic Ca 2+ in synaptic transmission, its contribution to the modulation of sensory transmission during different brain states remains largely unknown. Here, by using two-photon microscopy and whole-cell recordings, we show two distinct signals murine barrel cortex: a small, long-lasting increase sleep large, widespread but short-lasting spike when aroused. The large wave aroused mice was inositol trisphosphate (IP3)-dependent, evoked locus...
Abstract Identifying the genetic pathways that regulate skeletal development is necessary to correct a variety of cartilage and bone abnormalities. The Runx family transcription factors play fundamental role in organ cell differentiation. Initial studies have shown both Runx1 Runx2 are expressed pre‐chondrogenic mesenchyme developing embryo at E12.5. Abrogation gene completely inhibits formation yet anlagen these mice fully formed. In present study, we hypothesized may compensate for lack...
Astrocytes in hippocampal slices can dynamically regulate synaptic transmission a process mediated by increases intracellular Ca 2+ . However, it is debated whether astrocytic signals result release of glutamate. We here compared signaling triggered agonist exposure versus photolysis side side. Using transgenic mice which astrocytes selectively express the MrgA1 receptor, we found that receptor-mediated consistently neuronal hyperpolarization and decreased frequency miniature excitatory...
Abstract Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine has been awarded to numerous individuals for their outstanding contributions. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of recipients, focusing on gender, race, nationality. We observe that an alarming disparity emerges when we examine underrepresentation Black scientists among laureates. Furthermore, trends nationalities show how Americans make up majority winners, while there is noticeable lack gender racial minority...
Neonatal brain injury renders the developing vulnerable to oxidative stress, leading cognitive deficit. However, stress-induced damage hippocampal circuits and mechanisms underlying long-term changes in memory learning are poorly understood. We used high oxygen tension or hyperoxia (HO) neonatal mice of both sexes investigate role stress damage. Perinatal HO induces reactive species cell death, together with reduced interneuron maturation, inhibitory postsynaptic currents, dentate progenitor...
Glucose metabolism is impaired in brain aging and several neurological conditions. Beneficial effects of ketones have been reported the context protecting brain, however, their neurophysiological effect still largely uncharacterized, hurdling development as a valid therapeutic option. In this report, we investigate neurochemical acute administration ketone d-beta-hydroxybutyrate (d-βHB) monoester fasting healthy participants with ultrahigh-field proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)....
Abstract In this study, we aim to extend the chronological, geographical, and societal scope of previous bioarchaeological research on infant diet age at weaning in Britain past through analysis large medieval post‐medieval skeletal assemblage from St. Nicholas Kirk, Aberdeen, Scotland. Stable carbon nitrogen isotope data were obtained rib collagen 67 sub‐adults across two phases compared with mean adult female dietary values. Nitrogen modelled using R Package WARN, along previously...
The brain primarily relies on glycolysis for mitochondrial respiration but switches to alternative fuels such as ketone bodies (KBs) when less glucose is available. Neuronal KB uptake, which does not rely transporter 4 (GLUT4) or insulin, has shown promising clinical applicability in alleviating the neurological and cognitive effects of disorders with hypometabolic components. However, specific mechanisms by interventions affect neuronal functions are poorly understood. In this study, we...
The present study investigated the effect of aging on muscle reinnervation in rats following a crush nerve injury. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we examined spatial correlation terminal Schwann cells (TSCs) or axon terminals with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) sites at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Compared to young (4 months age), aged (24 age) demonstrated damaged TSC extensions and delayed regeneration. Post-injury endplate abnormalities correlated degree degeneration. In...