We have carried out a ptychographic scanning coherent diffraction imaging experiment on test object in order to characterize the hard x-ray nanobeam microscope. In addition high resolution image of object, detailed quantitative picture complex wave field nanofocus is obtained with spatial and dynamic range. Both are result statistics due large number patterns. The method yields complete description focus, robust against inaccuracies sample positioning, requires no particular shape or prior...

Ptychographic coherent X-ray diffractive imaging (PCDI) has been combined with nano-focus diffraction to study the structure and density distribution of unstained unsliced bacterial cells, using a hard beam 6.2 keV photon energy, focused about 90 nm by Fresnel zone plate lens.While PCDI provides images bacteria quantitative contrast in real space resolution well below size at sample, spatially resolved small angle scattering same (cellular nano-diffraction) structural information highest...

We demonstrate nanoscale x-ray holographic imaging using optimized illumination wave fronts emitted by waveguide channels. Mode filtering minimizes wave-front distortions and artifacts encountered in most hard focusing schemes, enabling quantitative reconstruction of the projected density, as evidenced a test pattern imaged with field view about $20\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}40\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ at 22 nm resolution. The dose efficiency contrast sensitivity...

A compound optical system for coherent focusing and imaging at the nanoscale is reported, realised by high-gain fixed-curvature elliptical mirrors in combination with X-ray waveguide optics or different cleaning apertures. The key concepts are illustrated, as implemented Göttingen Instrument Nano-Imaging X-rays (GINIX), installed P10 coherence beamline of PETRA III storage ring DESY, Hamburg, examples typical applications biological given. Characteristic beam configurations recently achieved...

High-resolution x-ray imaging techniques offer a variety of possibilities for studying the nanoscale structure biological cells. A challenging task remains study cells by x rays in their natural, aqueous environment. Here, we overcome this limitation presenting scanning diffraction measurements with beam sizes range few hundred nm on living and fixed-hydrated eukaryotic microfluidic devices which mimic native The direct comparison between shows distinct differences scattering signal,...

Over almost five decades of development and improvement, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has become a rich powerful, non-invasive technique in medical imaging, yet not reaching its physical limits. Technical physiological restrictions constrain physically feasible developments. A common solution to improve imaging speed resolution is use higher field strengths, which also subtle potentially harmful implications. However, patient safety be considered utterly important at all stages research...

Endomyocardial biopsies (EMB) are an important diagnostic tool for myocarditis and other infiltrative cardiac diseases. Routinely, obtained under fluoroscopic guidance with a substantial radiation burden. Despite procedural success, there is large sampling error caused by missing the affected myocardium. Therefore, multiple (>6) taken in clinical setting. In cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) depicts areas of myocardium or cardiomyopathies. Thus,...

Abstract Robustness against data inconsistencies, imaging artifacts and acquisition speed are crucial factors limiting the possible range of applications for magnetic resonance (MRI). Therefore, we report a novel calibrationless parallel technique which simultaneously estimates coil profiles image content in relaxed forward model. Our method is robust wide class minimizes comparably fast, combining important advantages many conceptually different state-of-the-art approaches. Depending on...

We have imaged the three-dimensional density distribution of unstained and unsliced, freeze-dried cells gram-positive bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans by tomographic x-ray propagation microscopy, i.e. projection tomography with phase contrast formation free space propagation. The work extends previous imaging biological in simple in-line holography geometry to full reconstruction, based on a fast iterative reconstruction algorithm which circumvents usual twin-image problem. sample is...

A ptychographic coherent X-ray diffractive imaging (PCDI) experiment has been carried out using 7.9 keV X-rays and Kirkpatrick–Baez focusing mirrors. By introducing a semi-transparent central stop in front of the detector dynamic range on is increased by about four orders magnitude. The feasibility this experimental scheme demonstrated for PCDI applications with resolution below 10 nm. results are compared reference data an increase factor two obtained, while deviation reconstructed phase...

Coherent (X-ray) diffractive imaging (CDI) is an increasingly popular form of X-ray microscopy, mainly due to its potential produce high-resolution images and the lack objective lens between sample corresponding detector. One challenge, however, that very high dynamic range diffraction data must be collected both quantitative images. In this work, hard ptychographic coherent has been performed at P10 beamline PETRA III synchrotron demonstrate a wide detector (the Mixed-Mode Pixel Array...

This paper presents an investigation of the reconstructibility coherent X-ray diffractive imaging diffraction patterns for a class binary random `bitmap' objects. Combining analytical results and numerical simulations, critical fluence per bitmap pixel is determined, arbitrary contrast values (absorption level phase shift), both optical near- far-field. work extends previous investigations based on information theory, enabling comparison amount carried by single photons in different regimes....

Purpose The development of a calibrationless parallel imaging method for accelerated simultaneous multi‐slice (SMS) MRI based on Regularized Nonlinear Inversion (NLINV), evaluated using Cartesian and radial fast low‐angle shot (FLASH). Theory Methods NLINV is that jointly estimates image content coil sensitivities Newton‐type with regularization. Here, extended to SMS‐NLINV reconstruction separation all simultaneously acquired slices. performance the different sampling schemes phantom in...

Submicron sized sensors could allow higher resolution in X-ray imaging and diffraction measurements, which are ubiquitous for materials science medicine. We present electrical measurements of a single 100 nm diameter InP nanowire transistor exposed to hard X-rays. The induced conductance is over 5 orders magnitude larger than expected from reported data absorption carrier lifetimes. Time-resolved show very long characteristic lifetimes on the order seconds, tentatively attributed long-lived...

Suitable detection systems that are capable of recording high photon count rates with single-photon instrumental for coherent X-ray imaging. The new single-photon-counting pixel detector `Lambda' has been tested in a ptychographic imaging experiment on solar-cell nanowires using Kirkpatrick–Baez-focused 13.8 keV X-rays. Taking advantage the rate Lambda and dynamic range expansion by semi-transparent central stop, high-dynamic-range diffraction signal covering more than seven orders magnitude...

In the past decade Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors have been established as powerful focusing systems in hard X-ray microscopy applications. Here a ptychographic characterization of KB focus dedicated nano-imaging setup GINIX (Göttingen Instrument for Nano-Imaging with X-rays) at P10 coherence beamline PETRA III synchrotron HASLYLAB/DESY, Germany, is reported. More specifically, it shown how aberrations beam, caused by imperfections height profile mirrors, can be eliminated using pinhole...

This article describes holographic imaging experiments using a hard X-ray multilayer zone plate (MZP) with an outermost width of 10 nm at photon energy 18 keV. An order-sorting aperture (OSA) is omitted and emulated during data analysis by `software OSA'. Scanning transmission microscopy usually carried out in the focal plane generalized to regime. The MZP focus characterized three-plane phase-retrieval algorithm FWHM nm.

The structural investigation of noncrystalline, soft biological matter using x-rays is rapidly increasing interest. Large-scale x-ray sources, such as synchrotrons and free electron lasers, are becoming ever brighter make the study weakly scattering materials more feasible. Variants coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) particularly attractive, absence an objective lens between sample detector ensures that no photons scattered by a lost in limited-efficiency system. Furthermore, reconstructed...

Quantitative waveguide-based X-ray phase contrast imaging has been carried out on the level of single, unstained, unsliced and freeze-dried bacterial cells Bacillus thuringiensis subtilis using hard X-rays 7.9 keV photon energy. The have prepared in metabolically dormant state an endospore. quantitative maps obtained by iterative retrieval a modified hybrid input-output algorithm allow for mass density determinations single individual endospores but include also large field view...

Simultaneous scanning Bragg contrast and small-angle ptychographic imaging of a single solar cell nanowire are demonstrated, using nanofocused hard X-ray beam two detectors. The 2.5 µm-long consists single-crystal InP core 190 nm diameter, coated with amorphous SiO2 polycrystalline indium tin oxide. was selected aligned in real space the scattering 140 × 210 beam. orientation nanowire, as observed scattering, used to find correct rotation for condition. After alignment rotation,...

Modern scanning X-ray microscopy can help to unravel the spatial context between biotic and abiotic compounds of geobiological assemblies with aim finally link chemical pathways biological activities at nanometre scale. This work presents some multi-modal imaging techniques provided by hard microscopes synchrotron radiation sources address analytical needs in research. Using examples 1) a calcified basal skeleton demosponge Astrosclera willeyana, 2) an anaerobic methane-oxidizing microbial...

Hard x-ray focusing and imaging on the few nano metre scale has gained a lot of attraction in last couple years. Thanks to new developments fabrication inspection high-N.A. optics, hard x-rays caught up with performance for soft x-rays. Here we review latest experiments Göttinger Multilayer zone plate collaboration, summarising our route from 1D 2D lenses different energies, recapitulate recent progress journey imaging.

In this work, numerical simulation results regarding an automatically self-detuning signal enhancement plate (DSEP) for use in magnetic resonance imaging at 3T field are presented. The DSEP is composed of a linear alignment wire resonators milled on suitable PCB and inductively coupled to varactor-loaded detuning loop. Eigenmode simulations allow design the system, whereas full-wave device, excited by circularly-polarized plane wave pres-ence phantom, show efficiency. terms H-field...

A signal enhancement metasurface composed of a periodic linear alignment closely-coupled wire resonators is proposed. It serves to locally enhance the radio frequency (RF) field in specific region interest for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Electrical elongation by capacitive loading wires allows adjust resonance an MR scanner's operating 123.5 MHz. Two prototypes are manufactured and characterized on-bench. MRI experiments allow separate effects on Tx/Rx fields showing SNR factor up 2.4.