Infertility represents a significant global health challenge, affecting more than 12% of couples worldwide, and most cases infertility are caused by male factors. Several pathological pathways implicated in infertility. The main mechanisms involved driven the loss reduction–oxidation (redox) homeostasis resulting oxidative damage as well chronic inflammatory process. Increased or severe stress leads to sperm plasma membrane DNA damage, dysregulated RNA processing, telomere destruction....

The functional significance of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation in ejaculated human sperm is unclear. In this study the extent DNA strand breakage swim-up selected spermatozoa was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated fluorescein-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-coupled flow cytometry and correlated with several morphological parameters. (mean = 11.07%+/-8.00%, range 0.79%-42.64%, n 140) positively related to abnormal morphology associated defects tail. A...

BACKGROUND: Asthenozoospermia may sometimes be related to genetic structural defects of the sperm tail detectable by transmission electron microscopy. Dysplasia fibrous sheath (DFS) is a defect, characterized dysplastic development axonemal and periaxonemal cytoskeleton. We report case an infertile man with normal count total immotility in which dysplasia sheath, Akap3, Akap4 gene deletions, meiotic segregation chromosomes 18, X Y microdeletions were investigated. METHODS: A 32-year-old...

The cytotoxicity of Au/Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on human spermatozoa was investigated in vitro. Semen from donors were incubated (37 °C, 60'-120') with 30, 60, 125, 250 and 500 μM Au/Ag-NPs. Sperm motility evaluated following WHO guidelines; sperm viability assessed eosin Y test. Au-NPs characterised localised field emission gun-based scanning transmission electron microscope/energy dispersive spectroscopy microscopy. Both tested NPs exerted a significant dose-dependent effect (P < 0.001)....

Using the rabbit as an animal model, this study evaluated long-term effect of silver nanoparticles (NPs) administered intravenously (0.6 mg/kg bw) on reproductive activity and sperm quality. Semen analysis was performed by optical microscopy motility evaluation computer assisted analyzer (CASA). Mitochondria oxygen consumption, light transmission electron testis ejaculated were also carried out. Throughout experiment NP-treated rabbits showed higher seminal reactive species (ROS), less...

Spermatozoa with a rare combination of two monomorphic sperm defects, dysplasia the fibrous sheath (DFS) and alterations in head-mid-piece junction were analysed. The main focus was to explore status centriole, key organisation during fertilisation, using centrin 1, calcium-binding protein linked this structure. quality examined by light, scanning transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM); immunocytochemistry performed for tubulin, A-kinase anchor 4 (AKAP4) 1. showed DFS defect associated...

Follicular fluid (FF) molecules, and their increase or decrease, can contribute to appropriate follicular growth oocyte maturation, thus being related female infertility conditions. In this paper, we studied the changes relationships of some biochemical components, hormones, antioxidant enzymes, F2-Isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), resolvin (Rv) D1 in FF infertile women with different reproductive conditions such as endometriosis, reduced ovarian reserve, idiopathic during assisted techniques (ART)....

This study was aimed at investigating whether semen characteristics in different clinical diagnoses of infertility are associated with PMN elastase, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1beta and TNFalpha levels detected seminal plasma. Sixty-eight patients were divided into groups according to their diagnosis: idiopathic (group I), varicocele infections II), III), IV), controls V). Physical examination scrotal Eco-color Doppler used detect the varicocele. Patients positive bacteriological analysis considered as...

Little is known about the effect of chronic hepatitis B and C on sperm quality. In this study, we analysed quality from selected patients with virus (HBV) or (HCV) infections. Semen samples were examined by light transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM data elaborated a mathematical formula able to indicate fertility index presence three main pathologies: apoptosis, immaturity necrosis. Meiotic chromosome segregation was investigated fluorescence in situ hybridisation carried out nuclei,...

This retrospective study was aimed at evaluating the effects of cigarette consumption on semen parameters in a group men with idiopathic infertility. The quality 2 groups infertility, smokers (n = 118) and nonsmokers 153), were compared. Conventional analysis performed sperm morphology assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM data elaborated means mathematical formula based Bayesian technique able to furnish fertility index (FI), percentages apoptosis, necrosis, immaturity....

The aim of this study was to assess the level malondialdehyde (MDA) in seminal plasma infertile men and highlight a relationship between MDA semen parameters. Eighty-one patients were divided into groups according their clinical diagnosis: genitourinary infections, varicocele idiopathic infertility. Semen quality assessed by light transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM data quantified with mathematical formula able obtain fertility index percentage sperm apoptosis, immaturity, necrosis....

This study was aimed to assess the antioxidant enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds in semen of infertile men. Seventy-four patients were grouped according their clinical diagnosis: genitourinary infection, varicocele, idiopathic infertility. Semen samples fertile men represent control. characteristics evaluated by light transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM data quantified with a mathematical formula, which provides numerical scores. Spectrophotometric HPLC methods used measure...

In the last two decades, human sperm count linearly decreased in Western countries. Health problems, lifestyle, pollutants, and dietary behaviours are considered as main risk factors, unbalance of dietary<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>‐</mml:mo><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:math>/<mml:math id="M3"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>‐</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:math>fatty acids is one most relevant. The aim present research to study effect...

In this study, we investigated the effects of exposition to IC50 dose for 24 h a new synthetic cannabinoid (CB83) and phytocannabinoids Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cannabidiol (CBD) on HT-29 colorectal carcinoma cells. Cell viability proliferative activity evaluated using MTT, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), CyQUANT assays showed that cell was significantly affected when CB83, THC, CBD were administered The results obtained reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio in cells exposed...

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) is a regulating agent in antioxidant response also involved controlling inflammation. The impact of varicocele and urogenital infections on sperm PPARγ expression was studied. gene investigated spermatozoa 26 normozoospermic men grouped according to their clinical conditions: normal semen parameters (N), (N + V), UI). Sperm correlated with F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), as markers lipid peroxidation, Resolvin D1 (RvD1), pro-resolving...

Many male reproductive pathologies and a part of undiagnosed infertility share an oxidative stress (OS) etiology with high reactive oxygen species cytokine concentrations. The lack reliable biomarkers to quantify injury is crucial problem in the field infertility. In this observational study, IL-1β OS markers malondialdehyde (MDA) F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) were quantified seminal plasma 46 infertile patients varicocele, genitourinary infections, idiopathic infertility, 11 fertile men. Semen...

Growing evidence demonstrates the critical roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. The lncRNA XIST is one most commonly studied; however, its function remains unclear. This study aimed to research molecular mechanism human OA chondrocytes. Cells were transfected with small interfering RNA against or a microRNA (miR)-146a inhibitor presence interleukin (IL)-1β. Viability was detected using MTT; apoptosis cytometry; and XIST, miR-146a, B-cell lymphoma...

This study evaluated the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on human semen and oxidative stress (OS) induced in vitro spermatozoa. After treatment basal with 100 µM CGA, rapid slow sperm progressive motility were seminal F2-Isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), a marker OS, quantified by ELISA. In second set experiments, was treated 1 mM H2O2 to induce or H2O2+CGA; untreated samples used as controls. Then, motility, DNA integrity acridine orange test, F2-IsoPs Nrf2 mRNA expression RT-PCR quantified....

G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 (GRK4) presents some peculiar characteristics that make it a unique member within the GRK multigene family. For example, this is only for which four splice variants (GRK4α, −β, −γ, −δ) have been identified. We developed simple assay to study activity, and we found GRK4α, but not GRK4β, −δ, was able phosphorylate rhodopsin in an agonist-dependent manner. GRK4α activity inhibited by Ca²⁺/calmodulin (CaM) (IC₅₀ = 80 nM), direct...