A5048238391- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Heat shock proteins research
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Astro and Planetary Science
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
Medical Research Council
2009-2023
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
2011-2023
Sun Yat-sen University
2014-2023
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
2019-2023
Shandong University
2009-2022
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China
2019-2022
Nanjing Agricultural University
2019-2021
Peking University
2013-2017
Center for Life Sciences
2017
University of Science and Technology of China
2008
Three-dimensional (3D) structure determination by single particle electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) involves the calculation of an initial 3D model, followed extensive iterative improvement orientation individual images and resulting map. Because there is much more noise than signal at high resolution in images, this creates possibility reinforcement map, which can give a false impression attained. The balance between final map its limiting depends on image processing procedure not easily...
Chaperonin-assisted protein folding proceeds through cycles of ATP binding and hydrolysis by the large chaperonin GroEL, which undergoes major allosteric rearrangements. Interaction between two back-to-back seven-membered rings GroEL plays an important role in regulating release substrates small GroES. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we have obtained three-dimensional reconstructions to 30 Å resolution for GroEL–GroES complexes presence ADP, ATP, nonhydrolyzable analog, AMP-PNP. Nucleotide...
The double-ring chaperonin GroEL mediates protein folding in the central cavity of a ring bound by ATP and GroES, but it is unclear how cycles from one folding-active complex to next. We observe that hydrolysis within cis must occur before either nonnative polypeptide or GroES can bind trans ring, this associated with reorientation apical domains. Subsequently, formation new cis-ternary proceeds on open binding first, which stimulates ATP-dependent dissociation (by 20- 50-fold), followed...
The comparison of a pair electron microscope images recorded at different specimen tilt angles provides powerful approach for evaluating the quality images, image-processing procedures, or three-dimensional structures. Here, we analyze tilt-pair from range specimens with symmetries and molecular masses show how analysis can produce valuable information not easily obtained otherwise. We that accuracy orientation determination individual single particles depends on mass, as expected...
Male sterility is an essential trait in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops, including rice and wheat. However, compared with the high percentage of planted world, little commercial wheat globally as a result lack suitable system male sterility. Therefore, understanding molecular nature fertility critical commercially viable Here, we report cloning characterization Sterility 1 (Ms1) bread by using combination advanced genomic approaches. MS1 newly evolved gene Poaceae that...
Homologous DNA recombination (HR) by the RAD51 recombinase enables error-free break repair. To execute HR, first forms a presynaptic filament on single-stranded (ss) DNA, which catalyses pairing with homologous double-stranded (ds) DNA. Here, we report structure for human at 3.5-5.0Å resolution using electron cryo-microscopy. encases ssDNA in helical of 103Å pitch, comprising 6.4 protomers per turn, rise 16.1Å and twist 56.2°. Inter-protomer distance correlates rotation an α-helical region...
Electron cryomicroscopy can, in principle, determine the structures of most biological molecules but is currently limited by access, specimen preparation difficulties, and cost. We describe a purpose-built instrument operating at 100 keV—including advances electron optics, detection, processing—that makes structure determination fast simple fraction current costs. The attains its theoretical performance limits, allowing atomic resolution imaging gold test specimens molecular hours....
Post-translational histone modifications play important roles in regulating chromatin structure and function. Histone H2B ubiquitination deubiquitination have been implicated transcriptional regulation, but the function of is not well defined, particularly higher eukaryotes. Here we report purification ubiquitin-specific peptidase 49 (USP49) as a H2B-specific deubiquitinase demonstrate that by USP49 required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing large set exons. forms complex with...
Significance The human calcium-sensing receptor maintains a stable concentration of calcium in the blood. Naturally occurring mutations are linked to homeostatic disorders including hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia. Modulation function can provide therapeutic relief these conditions. structures absence presence various allosteric modulators reveal mechanism by which modifiers up- or down-regulate function. We have captured symmetric forms homodimeric both at rest upon stimulation concluded...
In diverse bacterial species, the global regulator Hfq contributes to post-transcriptional networks that control expression of numerous genes. opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibits translation target transcripts by forming a regulatory complex with catabolite repression protein Crc. This repressive acts as part an intricate mechanism preferred nutrient utilisation. We describe high-resolution cryo-EM structures assembly and Crc bound initiation site mRNA. The core is formed...
Standing sausage modes in flare loops are important for interpreting quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) solar lightcurves. We propose an inversion scheme that consistently uses their periods $P$ and damping times $\tau$ to diagnose loop parameters. derive a generic dispersion relation governing linear waves pressure-less straight tubes, which the transverse density inhomogeneity takes place layer of arbitrary width $l$ is form. find depend on combination $[R/v_{\rm Ai}, L/R, l/R, \rho_{\rm...
The breast and ovarian cancer suppressor BRCA2 controls the enzyme RAD51 during homologous DNA recombination (HDR) to preserve genome stability. binds through 8 conserved BRC repeat motifs dispersed in an 1127-residue region (BRCA2 [BRC1–8] ). Here, we show that exerts opposing effects on binding of single-stranded (ss) versus double-stranded (ds) substrates, enhancing strand exchange. alters electrophoretic mobility bound ssDNA substrate, accompanied by increase ssDNA-bound protein...
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is particularly critical for pain information processing. Peripheral nerve injury triggers neuronal hyper-excitability in the ACC and mediates descending facilitation to spinal dorsal horn. mechanically gated ion channel Piezo1 involved transmission of peripheral nervous system. However, pain-processing role brain unknown. In this work, we found that spared (sciatic) (SNI) increased protein levels inhibitory parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons...