A5047854979- Gut microbiota and health
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Counseling, Therapy, and Family Dynamics
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Child Therapy and Development
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Educational and Psychological Assessments
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Microscopic Colitis
APC Microbiome Institute
2015-2024
University College Cork
2015-2024
Plusvital (Ireland)
2015-2024
Mater Misericordiae University Hospital
2000-2024
University College Dublin
2006-2024
SilverCloud (Ireland)
2024
National University of Ireland
2006-2021
University of Cape Town
2021
Cork University Hospital
2021
University of Newcastle Australia
2021
Significance It is known that the gastrointestinal microbiota influences adiposity and weight gain in host. However mechanisms by which gut microorganisms coordinate host physiological processes are currently unclear. We demonstrate a single, widely distributed function of microbiota, bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, significantly lipid metabolism, gain, cholesterol levels In our study microbial BSH activity was shown to direct expression signalling pathways with roles circadian rhythm,...
Bifidobacteria comprise a significant proportion of the human gut microbiota. Several bifidobacterial strains are currently used as therapeutic interventions, claiming various health benefits by acting probiotics. However, precise mechanisms which they maintain habitation within their host and consequently provide these not fully understood. Here we show that Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 produces cell surface-associated exopolysaccharide (EPS), biosynthesis is directed either half...
Host defence against infection requires a range of innate and adaptive immune responses that may lead to tissue damage. Such immune-mediated pathologies can be controlled with appropriate T regulatory (Treg) activity. The aim the present study was determine influence gut microbiota composition on Treg cellular activity NF-κB activation associated infection. Mice consumed commensal microbe Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 followed by Salmonella typhimurium or injection LPS. In vivo quantified...
Summary Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and dendritic (DCs) play a pivotal role in antigen sampling the maintenance of gut homeostasis. However, interaction commensal bacteria with intestinal surface remains incompletely understood. Here we investigated immune cell responses to pathogenic bacteria. HT‐29 human IECs were incubated Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 , Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118 or Salmonella typhimurium UK1 for varying times, pretreated probiotic 2 hr prior stimulation S....
Summary Background The incidence of atopic disease has increased dramatically during recent decades and the potential immunoregulatory influence microbiota in these individuals is under investigation. Objective aim our study was to identify a bacterial strain that protective murine allergy models determine if microbial induction T regulatory cells associated with protection from allergic inflammation. Methods Three microbes ( Bifidobacterium breve AH1205, B. longum AH1206 Lactobacillus...
OBJECTIVES: The pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is poorly understood. One contributory factor may be low-grade mucosal inflammation, perhaps initiated by the microbiota. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family pathogen-recognition innate immune system. aim this study was to evaluate potential involvement TLRs in IBS further understand system complex disorder. METHODS: expression investigated colonic biopsy samples obtained from 26 patients and compared with 19 healthy...
To systematically examine mucosal biopsies for differences in cytokine gene expression and protein secretion.The study included 59 females with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 39, otherwise healthy, female volunteers presenting colonoscopy. Colonic from subsets were studied by microarray analysis (IBS, n=9; controls, n=8), quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) n=22; n=21), ex vivo biopsy culture n=28, n=10). Biopsies patients active colitis used as...
Disruptions to circadian rhythm in mice and humans have been associated with an increased risk of obesity metabolic syndrome. The gut microbiota is known be essential for the maintenance host suggesting a role microbe-host interactions regulation peripheral clock. Previous work suggested bacterial bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity gene expression. Here we demonstrate that unconjugated acids, generated through BSH microbiota, are potentially chronobiological regulators We utilised...
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that can cause septicemia and meningitis. TLRs are central receptors of the innate immune system drive inflammatory responses to invading microbes such as L. monocytogenes. Although intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) represent initial point entry used by for infection, response in these has been poorly characterized date. The aim this study was determine which involved mediating IECs. We performed an RNA interference screen 1-10 HT-29 IEC...
Cellodextrins, the incomplete hydrolysis products from insoluble cellulose, are accessible as a carbon source to certain members of human gut microbiota, such Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. Transcription cldEFGC gene cluster B. UCC2003 was shown be induced upon growth on cellodextrins, implicating this in metabolism these sugars. Phenotypic analysis UCC2003::cldE insertion mutant confirmed that cld is exclusively required for cellodextrin utilization by commensal. Moreover, our results...
The innate immune system is currently seen as the probable initiator of events which culminate in development inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) known to be involved this process. Many regulators TLRs have been described, and dysregulation these may also important pathogenesis IBD. aim study was perform a co-ordinated analysis expression levels both key intestinal their inhibitory proteins same IBD cohorts, ulcerative colitis (UC) Crohn's (CD), order evaluate...
Statins are the most widely prescribed medications worldwide for treatment of hypercholesterolemia. They inhibit activity 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-R), an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis higher organisms and isoprenoid biosynthesis some bacteria. We hypothesized that statins may influence microbial community gut through either direct inhibition or indirect mechanisms involving alterations to host responses. therefore examined impact rosuvastatin (RSV) on...
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and in general caused by intestinal uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) ascending via the urethra. Microcompartment-mediated catabolism of ethanolamine, a host cell breakdown product, fuels competitive overgrowth E. , both pathogenic enterohemorrhagic commensal strains. During UTI, urease-negative bacteria thrive, despite comparative nutrient limitation urine.
This study found that patients with active UC have significantly increased colonic gene expression of cytosolic DNA sensor, inflammasome, STING, and type I IFN signaling pathways. The IFN, IFN-β, in combination TNF-α induced JAK-dependent but NLRP3 inflammasome-independent inflammatory cell death organoids. novel phenotype is relevant to immunopathology may partially explain the efficacy JAKinibs tofacitinib upadacitinib UC.
While the impact of Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 and other probiotics on cytokines has been shown in established colitis, effects B. consumption pre-inflammation interleukin (IL)-10 knock-out (KO) mice wild-type (WT) C57Bl/6 have not well demonstrated. The objective this study was to examine cytokine responses mucosal systemic lymphoid compartments IL-10 KO early disease compare with control WT mice. Mice were fed or placebo for 5 weeks culled prior onset chronic intestinal inflammation...