A5069986091- Gut microbiota and health
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Microscopic Colitis
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Digestive system and related health
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Infant Health and Development
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
University College Cork
2016-2025
APC Microbiome Institute
2016-2025
National University of Ireland
2015-2024
Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority
2009-2024
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)
2010-2023
Cork University Hospital
2012-2022
Molecular Oncology (United States)
2021
Bon Secours Hospital Cork
2012-2020
Cornell University
2017
Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
2017
Alterations in the human intestinal microbiota are linked to conditions including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable syndrome, and obesity. The also undergoes substantial changes at extremes of life, infants older people, ramifications which still being explored. We applied pyrosequencing over 40,000 16S rRNA gene V4 region amplicons per subject characterize fecal 161 subjects aged 65 y 9 younger control subjects. each individual constituted a unique profile that was separable from all...
The commensal microbiota, host immunity and metabolism participate in a signalling network, with diet influencing each component of this triad. In addition to diet, many elements modern lifestyle influence the gut microbiota but degree which exercise affects population is unclear. Therefore, we explored for their impact on microbiota.Since extremes often accompany addressed issue by studying professional athletes from an international rugby union squad. Two groups were included control...
<h3>Background and Aims</h3> Increased efficiency of energy harvest, due to alterations in the gut microbiota (increased <i>Firmicutes</i> decreased <i>Bacteroidetes</i>), has been implicated obesity mice humans. However, a causal relationship is unproven contributory variables include diet, genetics age. Therefore, we explored effect high-fat (HF) diet genetically determined (<i>ob/ob</i>) for changes harvesting capacity over time. <h3>Methods</h3> Seven-week-old male <i>ob/ob</i> were fed...
Tumors escape immunological rejection by a diversity of mechanisms. In this report, we demonstrate that the colon cancer cell SW620 expresses functional Fas ligand (FasL), triggering agent receptor (FasR)-mediated apoptosis within immune system. FasL mRNA and surface were detected in cells using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) immunohistochemical staining, respectively. We show kills Jurkat T Fas-mediated manner. FasR-specific antisense oligonucleotide treatment,...
BACKGROUND Probiotic bacteria exhibit a variety of properties, including immunomodulatory activity, which are unique to particular strain. Thus, not all species will necessarily have the same therapeutic potential in condition. We preliminary evidence that Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 may utility irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). OBJECTIVES This study was designed confirm efficacy probiotic B. large-scale, multicenter, clinical trial women with IBS. A second objective determine optimal...
<h3>Objective</h3> A signature that unifies the colorectal cancer (CRC) microbiota across multiple studies has not been identified. In addition to methodological variance, heterogeneity may be caused by both microbial and host response differences, which was addressed in this study. <h3>Design</h3> We prospectively studied colonic expression of specific genes using faecal mucosal samples ('ON' 'OFF' tumour, proximal distal) from 59 patients undergoing surgery for CRC, 21 individuals with...
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have a major impact on the health of individuals populations. Accurate diagnosis inflammatory at an early stage, correct differentiation between (UC), is important for optimum treatment prognosis. We present here first characterization fecal extracts obtained from patients with CD UC by employing noninvasive metabonomics approach, which combines high resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy multivariate...
Abstract The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a key region implicated in range of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, schizophrenia and autism. In parallel, the role gut microbiota contributing to these emerging. Germ-free (GF) animals, microbiota-deficient throughout life, have been instrumental elucidating many aspects physiology, especially anxiety-related behaviours, impaired social cognition stress responsivity. Here we aim further elucidate mechanisms microbial influence by...
Background and aims Microbiota alterations are linked with colorectal cancer (CRC) notably higher abundance of putative oral bacteria on colonic tumours. However, it is not known if mucosa-associated taxa indeed orally derived, such cases a distinct subset patients or the microbiome generally suitable for screening CRC. Methods We profiled microbiota in swabs, mucosae stool from individuals CRC (99 subjects), polyps (32) controls (103). Results Several were differentially abundant compared...
Significance It is known that the gastrointestinal microbiota influences adiposity and weight gain in host. However mechanisms by which gut microorganisms coordinate host physiological processes are currently unclear. We demonstrate a single, widely distributed function of microbiota, bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, significantly lipid metabolism, gain, cholesterol levels In our study microbial BSH activity was shown to direct expression signalling pathways with roles circadian rhythm,...
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) are key positive regulators of cell cycle progression and attractive targets in oncology. SCH 727965 inhibits CDK2, CDK5, CDK1, CDK9 activity vitro with IC(50) values 1, 3, 4 nmol/L, respectively. was selected as a clinical candidate using functional screen vivo that integrated both efficacy safety parameters. Compared flavopiridol, exhibits superior an improved therapeutic index. In cell-based assays, completely suppressed retinoblastoma phosphorylation, which...
It is evident that the gut microbiota and factors influence its composition activity effect human metabolic, immunological developmental processes. We previously reported extreme physical with associated dietary adaptations, such as pursued by professional athletes, changes in faecal microbial diversity relative to of individuals a more sedentary lifestyle. Here we address impact these on functionality/metabolic which reveals even greater separation between exercise state.Metabolic...
Bifidobacteria comprise a significant proportion of the human gut microbiota. Several bifidobacterial strains are currently used as therapeutic interventions, claiming various health benefits by acting probiotics. However, precise mechanisms which they maintain habitation within their host and consequently provide these not fully understood. Here we show that Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 produces cell surface-associated exopolysaccharide (EPS), biosynthesis is directed either half...