A5008948760- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Disaster Response and Management
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Global Security and Public Health
- COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Health and Conflict Studies
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
World Health Organization
2018-2024
University of California, Los Angeles
2024
World Health Organization - Pakistan
2018-2024
University of California, Davis
2024
Hasselt University
2023
University of Antwerp
2023
Institute for Medical Research
2023
World of Medicine (Germany)
2022
The University of Sydney
2022
Northern Sydney Local Health District
2022
We present a global analysis of the spread recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants and estimate changes in effective reproduction numbers at country-specific level using sequence data from GISAID. Nearly all investigated countries demonstrated rapid replacement previously circulating lineages by World Health Organization-designated concern, with estimated transmissibility increases 29% (95% CI: 24-33), 25% 20-30), 38% 29-48) 97% 76-117), respectively, for B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1 B.1.617.2.
Background Severe illness due to 2009 pandemic A(H1N1) infection has been reported among persons who are obese or morbidly obese. We assessed whether obesity is a risk factor for hospitalization and death influenza A(H1N1), independent of chronic medical conditions considered by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) increase influenza-related complications. Methodology/Principal Findings used case-cohort design compare cases hospitalizations deaths from occurring between...
The mental health impact of the 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic has been described among survivors, family members and healthcare workers, but little is known about its on general population affected countries. We assessed symptoms anxiety, depression post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Sierra Leone after over a year outbreak response.We administered cross-sectional survey July 2015 to national sample 3564 consenting participants selected through multistaged cluster sampling. Symptoms anxiety...
Ebola virus has been detected in the semen of men after their recovery from disease (EVD). We report presence RNA a cohort survivors EVD Sierra Leone.We enrolled convenience sample 220 adult male Leone, at various times discharge an treatment unit (ETU), two phases (100 participants were phase 1, and 120 2). Semen specimens obtained baseline tested by means quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay with use target sequences NP VP40 (in 1) or GP This study...
BackgroundIn May 2022, several countries with no history of sustained community transmission mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) notified WHO new cases. These cases were soon followed by a large-scale outbreak, which unfolded across the world, driven local, in-country within previously unaffected countries. On July 23, declared outbreak Public Health Emergency International Concern. Here, we aim to describe main epidemiological features this largest reported date.MethodsIn analysis global...
Background Following natural disasters, mismanagement of the dead has consequences for psychological well-being survivors. However, no technical guidelines currently exist managing mass fatalities following large disasters. Existing methods fatality management are not directly transferable as they designed transport accidents and acts terrorism. Furthermore, information is available about post-disaster previous Methods Findings After tsunami disaster on 26 December 2004, we conducted three...
Social mobilisation and risk communication were essential to the 2014–2015 West African Ebola response. By March 2015, >8500 cases 3370 deaths confirmed in Sierra Leone. Response efforts focused on ‘getting zero staying at zero’. A critical component of this plan was deepen sustain community engagement. Several national quantitative studies conducted during time revealed knowledge, personal prevention practices traditional burial procedures improved as outbreak waned, but healthcare...
On 31 December 2019, the Municipal Health Commission of Wuhan, China, reported a cluster atypical pneumonia cases. 5 January 2020, WHO publicly released Disease Outbreak News (DON) report, providing information about cases, implemented response interventions, and WHO’s risk assessment advice on public health social measures. Following 9 additional DON reports 209 daily situation reports, 17 August published first edition COVID-19 Weekly Epidemiological Update (WEU). 1 September 2023, 158th...
Clostridium difficile is a leading infectious cause of health care associated diarrhoea. Several industrialised countries have reported increased C. infections and outbreaks, which been attributed to the emergent PCR ribotype 027 strain.We conducted case-case study compare severity disease for patients with versus non-027 ribotypes. We retrospectively collected clinical information about 123/136 admitted hospitals in East England region 2006 from whom stool isolates were cultured ribotyped...
Because of widespread distribution the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccine (pH1N1 vaccine) and prior association between Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) 1976 H1N1 vaccine, enhanced surveillance was implemented to estimate magnitude any increased GBS risk following administration pH1N1 vaccine. The authors conducted active, population-based for incident cases among 45 million persons residing at 10 Emerging Infections Program sites during October 2009–May 2010; defined according...
The first outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) due to Bundibugyo ebolavirus occurred in Uganda from August December 2007. During response and assessment, we identified 131 EHF cases (44 suspect, 31 probable, 56 confirmed). Consistent with previous large filovirus outbreaks, a long temporal lag (approximately 3 months) between initial the subsequent identification virus response, which allowed for prolonged person-to-person transmission virus. Although effective control measures such as...
During 2013, the Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene in Baltimore, MD, USA, received report 2 residents whose surgical sites were infected with rapidly growing mycobacteria after cosmetic procedures at a clinic (clinic A) Dominican Republic. A multistate investigation was initiated; probable case defined as site infection unresponsive to therapy patient who had undergone surgery We identified 21 case-patients 6 states 1 5 Republic clinics; 13 (62%) A. Isolates from 12 (92%)...
Decision makers are responsible for directing staffing, logistics, selecting public health interventions, communicating to professionals and the public, planning future response needs, establishing strategic tactical priorities along with their funding requirements. need rapidly synthesize data from different experts across multiple disciplines, bridge gaps translate epidemiological analysis into an operational set of decisions disease control. Analytic approaches can be defined specific...
We report key epidemiologic parameter estimates for coronavirus disease identified in peer-reviewed publications, preprint articles, and online reports. Range incubation period were 1.8-6.9 days, serial interval 4.0-7.5 doubling time 2.3-7.4 days. The effective reproductive number varied widely, with reductions attributable to interventions. Case burden infection fatality ratios increased patient age. Implementation of combined interventions could reduce cases delay epidemic peak up 1 month....
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed weaknesses in disease surveillance nearly all countries. Early identification of cases and clusters for rapid containment was hampered by inadequate diagnostic capacity, insufficient contact tracing, fragmented data systems, incomplete insights public health responders, suboptimal governance these elements. Once SARS-CoV-2 became widespread, interventions to control community transmission were undermined weak national capacity integrate timely adjustment...