A5029837172- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Urban and Rural Development Challenges
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Public Health Policies and Education
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Innovations in Medical Education
- Facilities and Workplace Management
- Patient Dignity and Privacy
- Cross-Border Cooperation and Integration
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Travel-related health issues
- Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management
- Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
Bloomberg (United States)
2023-2025
Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne
2023-2024
University of Iowa
2017-2023
Emory University
2014-2020
Harvard University
2020
Georgia Department of Public Health
2017
Queen's University Belfast
2005
Rapid urbanization has contributed to an urban sanitation crisis in low-income countries. Residents low-income, neighborhoods often have poor infrastructure and services may experience frequent exposure fecal contamination through a range of pathways. There are little data prioritize strategies decrease these complex highly contaminated environments, public health priorities rarely considered when planning investments. The SaniPath Study addresses this need by characterizing pathways...
Public pay-per-use toilets are the only alternative to open defecation for a significant number of people in many low-income, urban neighbourhoods where insecure tenure, space constraints, and/or cost make private sanitation facilities unfeasible. This study explores public toilet use, characteristics customers and possible improvements four Accra, Ghana, country with highest reliance on shared globally. Reliance ranged considerably depending neighbourhood affluence, but even some living...
Lack of adequate sanitation results in fecal contamination the environment and poses a risk disease transmission via multiple exposure pathways. To better understand how eight different sources contribute to overall contamination, we quantified through pathways for children under 5 years old four high-density, low-income, urban neighborhoods Accra, Ghana. We collected more than 500 hours structured observation behaviors 156 children, 800 household surveys, 1,855 environmental samples. Data...
Creating and sustaining safe, healthy urban environments requires active collaboration between residents local governments. Public safety the upkeep of public spaces depend, in a large part, on residents’ reports crime service needs. However, underserved areas, factors such as decay, inadequate services, concentrated disadvantage have weakened these cooperative dynamics. This breakdown can exacerbate underreporting needs deepen neighborhood inequalities. In Buffalo, NY, city-led initiative...
Exposure to fecal contamination in public areas, especially dense, urban environments, may significantly contribute enteric infection risk. This study examined associations between sanitation and environments four low-income neighborhoods Accra, Ghana. Soil (n = 72) open drain 90) samples were tested for E. coli, adenovirus, norovirus. Sanitation facilities surveyed households 793) categorized by onsite sludge containment ("contained" vs. "uncontained") using previous Joint Monitoring...
Inadequate sanitation can lead to exposure fecal contamination through multiple environmental pathways and result in adverse health outcomes. By understanding the relative importance of pathways, interventions be tailored those with greatest potential public impact. The SaniPath Exposure Assessment Tool allows users identify quantify human low-resource urban settings a systematic yet customizable process. includes: project management platform; mobile data collection repository; protocols for...
In low-income countries, rapid urbanization adds pressure to already stressed water and sanitation systems that are critical the health of communities. Drainage networks, designed for stormwater but commonly used disposing waste, rarely covered completely, allowing residents easily come into contact with their contents. This study spatial mapping, documentation physical drain characteristics, microbiological analysis samples, behavioral observation comprehensively examine drains as a route...
This study examined associations between household sanitation and enteric infection - including diarrhoeal-specific outcomes in children 0-2 years of age a low-income, dense urban neighbourhood.As part the MAL-ED study, 230 urban, Indian neighbourhood provided stool specimens at 14-17 scheduled time points during diarrhoeal episodes first 2 life that were analysed for bacterial, parasitic (protozoa helminths) viral pathogens. From interviews with caregivers 100 households, relationship...
Alongside efforts to improve safe management of feces along the entire sanitation chain, including after toilet, global are focusing on universal access 'basic' services: onsite facilities that safely contain excreta away from human contact. Although fecal sludge is improving in urban areas, open drains remain a common fate for these often densely-populated neighborhoods low-income countries. To-date, it unclear what extent complete coverage reduces contamination environment and how varies...
Urban sanitation necessitates management of fecal sludge inside and outside the household. This study examined associations between household sanitation, contamination, enteric infection in two low-income neighborhoods Vellore, India. Surveys spatial analysis assessed presence clustering toilets (FSM) practices 200 households. Fecal contamination was measured environmental samples from 50 households drains. Enteric stool specimens children under 5 years age these The differed significantly...
Abstract City governments are at the forefront of public problem‐solving. As they deliver services to residents and work tackle complex social challenges, often coordinate communicate with each other. Against backdrop globalisation urbanisation, which have been documented analysed widely, phenomenon inter‐city collaboration (ICC) has remained understudied. In this article, we examine existing emergent patterns how why cities collaborate. We conducted a desk review ICCs in 64 US cities....
To tackle persistent boundary-spanning problems with limited resources, some cities engage in collaborative innovation, combining expertise, effort, and creativity within outside city hall to overcome limitations of conventional practices siloed work. This article illustrates how innovation works practice by examining specifics the Buffalo Clean Sweep Initiative, unique longevity, scope, scale, overcame common challenges managed typical trade-offs. We describe, based on analyses interviews...
Open drains are common methods of transporting solid waste and excreta in low-income urban neighborhoods. can overflow due to blockages with during rainfall, posing exposure risks. The goal this study was evaluate whether pediatric enteric infection associated open flooding a dense, low-income, neighborhood.As part the MAL-ED Vellore, India, cohort 230 children provided stool specimens at 14-17 scheduled home visits diarrheal episodes first two years life. All were analyzed for pathogens....
In crowded urban settlements in low-income countries, many households rely on shared sanitation facilities. Shared facilities are not currently considered "improved sanitation" because of concerns about whether hygiene conditions sufficiently protect users from the feces others. Prevention fecal exposure at a latrine is only one aspect sanitary safety. Ensuring consistent use latrines for disposal, especially child feces, required to reduce contamination and communities. Household crowding...
In this study we examine associations between substandard housing and the risk of COVID-19 infection severity during first year pandemic by linking individual-level clinical datasets. Residents Chelsea, Massachusetts who were tested for at any Mass General Brigham testing site lived a property that had received city inspection included (N = 2873). Chelsea is densely populated with high prevalence housing. Inspected properties code violations considered substandard; inspected without...
Abstract Safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is critical for the prevention of postpartum infections. The aim this study was to characterize WASH conditions women are exposed following cesarean section in rural Rwanda. We assessed variability ward a district hospital over two months, at women's homes, association between suspected surgical site infection (SSI). Piped water flowed more consistently during rainy month, which increased availability drinking handwashing (p < 0.05...
Background and objectivesInfection prevention control is a set of practices, protocols, procedures that are put in place to prevent infections associated with health care service provision settings.It an element quality safety delivery; worker occupational practices; medical waste management; also concerned clinical public surveillance action.Healthcare facilities ideal settings for the transmission patients (who more susceptible), healthcare workers, their families communities.Healthcare...
Rapid urbanization in low-resource countries has led to a growing sanitation crisis, with widespread fecal contamination and risk of adverse health outcomes. Understanding how change behaviors reduce exposure is central Sustainable Development Goal 6. This study examines behavioral influences on six neighborhoods Accra, Ghana. Qualitative data comprised 12 key informant interviews community leaders 16 focus group discussions residents. Results identify that increase the presence feces urban...
Housing is more than a physical structure-it has profound impact on health. Enforcing housing codes primary strategy for breaking the link between poor and health.The objective of this study was to determine whether machine learning algorithms can identify properties with code violations at higher rate inspector-informed prioritization. We also show how city data be used describe prevalence location housing-related health risks, which inform public policy programs.This took place in Chelsea,...
Objectives: Prior research has found that reporting behavior of crime incidents and service needs remain low in many U.S. cities, which may be improved by place-based interventions. This study investigates whether a intervention combining door-to-door education, outreach, rapid beautification, community-oriented law enforcement can affect (through emergency 911 calls) non-emergency 311 calls).Methods: employs matching strategy using observational data from large public repository to generate...
As a result of working inside homes, city housing inspectors witness hidden and serious threats to public health. However, systems respond the range problems they encounter are lacking. In this study, we describe impact enabling environment for integrating novel Social Service Referral Program within Inspectional Services Department in Chelsea, MA. To evaluate first eight months program, used mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from 15 referrals qualitative interviews with six...
Creating and sustaining safe, healthy urban environments requires active collaboration between residents local governments. Public safety the upkeep of public spaces depends, in large part, on residents’ reports crime service needs. However, underserved areas, factors such as decay, inadequate services, concentrated disadvantage have weakened these cooperative dynamics. This breakdown can exacerbate underreporting needs deepen neighborhood inequalities. In Buffalo, NY, city-led initiative...