A5034496038- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Gut microbiota and health
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Malaria Research and Control
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Mine drainage and remediation techniques
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
Universidad San Francisco de Quito
2016-2025
Instituto Nacional de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología
2025
Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública
2015-2022
Public Health England
2018
Northern Arizona University
2015
Central University of Ecuador
2014-2015
Royal Tropical Institute
2015
University of Michigan
2015
Bellarmine University
2014
Oregon State University
2014
The permanence of rt-PCR positivity after a long time in COVID-19 patients has prompted the question whether SARS-CoV-2 could cause persistent infection or can become re-infected by this virus. Both possibilities have critical implications for management and control COVID-19. Here we present first confirmed case reinfection Ecuador South America. Materials methods: Our diagnostic laboratory detected potential re-infection one patient who was SARS-COv2 positive twice (in May July 2020)....
There is a significant gap in our understanding of the sources multidrug-resistant bacteria and resistance genes community settings where human-animal interfaces exist.This study characterized relationship third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (3GCR-EC) isolated from animal feces environment child based on phenotypic antimicrobial (AMR) whole genome sequencing (WGS).We examined 3GCR-EC environmental fecal samples domestic animals Ecuador. We analyzed genotypic AMR, as...
BackgroundAntibiotic resistance is a leading cause of death, with the highest burden occurring in low-resource settings. There little evidence on potential for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) access to reduce antibiotic humans. We aimed determine relationship between humans community drinking water sanitation.MethodsIn this ecological study, we linked publicly available, geospatially tagged human faecal metagenomes (from US National Center Biotechnology Information Sequence Read...
Environmental change plays a large role in the emergence of infectious disease. The construction new road previously roadless area northern coastal Ecuador provides valuable natural experiment to examine how changes social and environment, mediated by construction, affect epidemiology diarrheal diseases. Twenty-one villages were randomly selected capture full distribution village population size distance from main (remoteness), these compared with major center region, Borbón, that lies on...
In developing countries where diarrheal disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years age, enteric coinfection common. There little understanding, however, the biologic interaction between coinfecting pathogens. The authors investigated potential for synergistic pathogens on diarrhea pathogenesis using an epidemiologic framework. They conducted community-based, case-control studies 22 communities northwestern Ecuador 2003 2008. Risk ratios associated with...
Diarrheal disease remains a leading cause of morbidity in areas with limited access to safe water and sanitation. As sanitation interventions continue be implemented, it will important understand the ecological context which they can prevent diarrhea. We conducted six serial case control studies Ecuador estimate risk diarrhea from unimproved potential for effect modification by rainfall. Unimproved source increased adjusted odds (odds ratio [OR] = 3.6, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]...
The effects of animal agriculture on the spread antibiotic resistance (AR) are cross-cutting and thus require a multidisciplinary perspective. Here we use ecological, epidemiological, ethnographic methods to examine populations Escherichia coli circulating in production poultry farming environment versus domestic rural Ecuador, where small-scale employing nontherapeutic antibiotics is increasingly common. We sampled 262 "production birds" (commercially raised broiler chickens laying hens)...
Animals are important reservoirs of zoonotic enteropathogens, and transmission to humans occurs more frequently in low- middle-income countries (LMICs), where small-scale livestock production is common. In this study, we investigated the presence enteropathogens stool samples from 64 asymptomatic children 203 domestic animals 62 households a semirural community Ecuador between June August 2014. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used assess Campylobacter jejuni atypical enteropathogenic...
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease responsible for high morbidity around the world, especially in tropical and low income countries. Rats are thought to be main vector of human leptospirosis urban settings. However, differences between low-income rural communities provide additional insights into epidemiology disease. Our study was conducted two near coast Ecuador. We detected characterized infectious leptospira DNA wide variety samples using new real time quantitative PCR assays amplicon...
The increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among Enterobacteriaceae has had major clinical and economic impacts on human medicine. Many the multidrug-resistant (multiresistant) found in humans are community acquired, some them possibly linked to food animals (i.e., livestock raised for meat dairy products). In this study, we examined whether numerically dominant commensal Escherichia coli strains from (n = 63 isolates) domestic 174 same with matching phenotypic AMR patterns...
We have recently revealed that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Mu variant shows a pronounced resistance to antibodies elicited by natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.However, it remains unclear which mutations determine of antiviral sera. In addition, is how induces immunity.In this study, we reveal in spike protein, YY144-145TSN E484K, are responsible for disease 2019 convalescent sera during early 2020 vaccine sera.It notable Mu-infected...
ABSTRACT Antibiotic selection pressure and genetic associations may lead to the cooccurrence of resistance virulence in individual pathogens. However, there is a lack rigorous epidemiological evidence that demonstrates at population level. Using samples from population-based case-control study 25 villages rural Ecuador, we characterized 12 antibiotics among pathogenic ( n = 86) commensal 761) Escherichia coli isolates, classified by presence or absence known diarrheagenic factor genes. The...
Small-scale poultry farming is common in rural communities across the developing world. To examine extent to which small-scale serves as a reservoir for resistance determinants, resistome of fecal samples was compared between production chickens that received antibiotics and free-ranging household no from village northern Ecuador. A qPCR array used quantify antibiotic genes (ARGs) mobile genetic elements (MGEs) using 248 primer pairs; microbiome structure analyzed via 16S rRNA gene...
Leptospira spp., which comprise 3 clusters (pathogenic, saprophytic, and intermediate) that vary in pathogenicity, infect >1 million persons worldwide each year. The disease burden of the intermediate leptospires is unclear. To increase knowledge this cluster, we used new molecular approaches to characterize spp. 464 samples from febrile patients rural, semiurban, urban communities Ecuador; 20 nonfebrile rural community; 206 animals semiurban community. We observed a higher percentage...