Terumasa Ikeda
A5003118804- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- RNA regulation and disease
- RNA Research and Splicing
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Music Technology and Sound Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
Kumamoto University
2012-2025
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
2024
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2017-2020
University of Minnesota
2013-2020
University of Minnesota Medical Center
2019
Masonic Cancer Center
2013-2018
Aichi Institute of Technology
2012
Nara Medical University
1958
Yamaguchi University
1955
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant emerged in 2021 1 and has multiple mutations its spike protein 2 . Here we show that the of a higher affinity for ACE2 compared with Delta, marked change antigenicity increases Omicron’s evasion therapeutic monoclonal vaccine-elicited polyclonal neutralizing antibodies after two doses. mRNA vaccination as third vaccine dose rescues broadens neutralization. Importantly, antiviral drugs remdesivir molnupiravir retain efficacy against BA.1....
Abstract The emergence of the Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 is an urgent global health concern 1 . In this study, our statistical modelling suggests that has spread more rapidly than Delta in several countries including South Africa. Cell culture experiments showed to be less fusogenic and ancestral strain SARS-CoV-2. Although spike (S) protein efficiently cleaved into two subunits, which facilitates cell–cell fusion 2,3 , S was compared proteins Furthermore, a hamster model, decreased lung...
Abstract During the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a variety of mutations have accumulated in viral genome severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and, at time writing, four variants concern are considered to be potentially hazardous human society 1 . The recently emerged B.1.617.2/Delta variant is closely associated with COVID-19 surge that occurred India spring 2021 (ref. ). However, virological properties remain unclear. Here we show highly fusogenic and...
Many SARS-CoV-2 variants with naturally acquired mutations have emerged. These can affect viral properties such as infectivity and immune resistance. Although the sensitivity of occurring to humoral immunity has been investigated, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted cellular remains largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that two recently emerging in receptor-binding domain spike protein, L452R (in B.1.427/429 B.1.617) Y453F B.1.1.298), confer escape from HLA-A24-restricted immunity....
Soon after the emergence and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage BA.1, another lineage, BA.2, began outcompeting BA.1. The results statistical analysis showed that effective reproduction number BA.2 is 1.4-fold higher than Neutralization experiments revealed immunity induced by COVID vaccines widely administered to human populations not against similar antigenicity notably different from Cell culture spike confers replication efficacy in nasal epithelial cells more efficient...
In late 2022, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have become highly diversified, and XBB is spreading rapidly around the world. Our phylogenetic analyses suggested that emerged through recombination of two cocirculating BA.2 lineages, BJ.1 BM.1.1.1 (a progeny BA.2.75), during summer 2022. XBB.1 variant most profoundly resistant to BA.2/5 breakthrough infection sera date more fusogenic than BA.2.75. The breakpoint located in receptor-binding domain spike, each region recombinant spike confers...
After the global spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2, some BA.2 subvariants, including BA.2.9.1, BA.2.11, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5, emerged in multiple countries. Our statistical analysis showed that effective reproduction numbers these subvariants are greater than original BA.2. Neutralization experiments revealed immunity induced by BA.1/2 infections is less against BA.4/5. Cell culture BA.2.12.1 BA.4/5 replicate more efficiently human alveolar epithelial cells particularly, fusogenic We...
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 variant emerged in May 2022. is a BA.2 descendant but phylogenetically distinct from BA.5, the currently predominant descendant. Here, we show that has greater effective reproduction number and different immunogenicity profile than BA.5. We determined sensitivity of to vaccinee convalescent sera as well panel clinically available antiviral drugs antibodies. Antiviral largely retained potency, antibody varied depending on several key BA.2.75-specific...
In late 2022, various Omicron subvariants emerged and cocirculated worldwide. These variants convergently acquired amino acid substitutions at critical residues in the spike protein, including R346, K444, L452, N460, F486. Here, we characterize convergent evolution of properties one recent lineage concern, BQ.1.1. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that these five are recurrently acquired, particularly younger lineages. Epidemic dynamics modelling increase viral fitness, a large proportion...
During the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a variety of mutations have been accumulated in viral genome, and currently, four variants concerns (VOCs) are considered as hazardous to human society1. The newly emerging VOC, B.1.617.2/Delta variant, closely associates with huge COVID-19 surge India Spring 20212. However, its virological property remains unclear. Here, we show that variant is highly fusogenic, notably, more pathogenic than prototypic infected hamsters. P681R mutation spike protein,...
In late 2023, several SARS-CoV-2 XBB descendants, notably EG.5.1, were predominant worldwide. However, a distinct lineage, the BA.2.86 variant, also emerged. is phylogenetically from other Omicron sublineages, accumulating over 30 amino acid mutations in its spike protein. Here, we examined virological characteristics of variant. Our epidemic dynamics modeling suggested that relative reproduction number significantly higher than EG.5.1. Additionally, four clinically available antivirals...
Abstract Circulation of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB has resulted in the emergence XBB.1.5, a new Variant Interest. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that XBB.1.5 evolved from XBB.1 by acquiring S486P spike (S) mutation, subsequent to acquisition nonsense mutation ORF8. Neutralization assays showed similar abilities immune escape between and XBB.1. We determine structural basis for interaction human ACE2 S protein showing overall structures proteins XBB.1.5. provide intrinsic pathogenicity...
Abstract The unremitting emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants necessitates ongoing control measures. Given its rapid spread, the new Omicron subvariant BA.5 requires urgent characterization. Here, we comprehensively analyzed with other BA.1, BA.2, and ancestral B.1.1. Although in vitro growth kinetics was comparable among subvariants, much more fusogenic than BA.1 BA.2. Airway-on-a-chip analysis showed that, had enhanced ability to disrupt...
The Vif protein of HIV-1 allows virus replication by degrading several members the host-encoded APOBEC3 family DNA cytosine deaminases. Polymorphisms in both host genes and viral vif gene have potential to impact extent among individuals. most genetically diverse seven human is APOBEC3H with known haplotypes. Overexpression studies shown that a subset these variants express stable active proteins, whereas others encode proteins short half-life little, if any, antiviral activity. We...
Summary During the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that is devastating modern societies worldwide, many variants naturally acquire multiple mutations have emerged. Emerging can affect viral properties such as infectivity and immune resistance. Although sensitivity of occurring to humoral immunity has recently been investigated, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted cellular remains unaddressed. Here we demonstrate two emerging mutants in receptor binding domain spike protein, L452R (in...
Abstract Soon after the emergence and global spread of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron lineage, BA.1 (ref 1, ), another BA.2, has initiated outcompeting BA.1. Statistical analysis shows that effective reproduction number BA.2 is 1.4-fold higher than Neutralisation experiments show vaccine-induced humoral immunity fails to function against like BA.1, notably, antigenicity different from Cell culture more replicative in human nasal epithelial cells...
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant emerged in late 2021 and is characterised by multiple spike mutations across all domains. Here we show that has higher affinity for ACE2 compared to Delta, confers very significant evasion of therapeutic monoclonal vaccine-elicited polyclonal neutralising antibodies after two doses. mRNA vaccination as a third vaccine dose rescues broadens neutralisation. Importantly, antiviral drugs remdesevir molnupiravir retain efficacy against BA.1. We found...
Abstract After the global spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 lineage, some BA.2-related variants that acquire mutations in L452 residue spike protein, such as BA.2.9.1 and BA.2.13 (L452M), BA.2.12.1 (L452Q), BA.2.11, BA.4 BA.5 (L452R), emerged multiple countries. Our statistical analysis showed effective reproduction numbers these L452R/M/Q-bearing are greater than original BA.2. Neutralization experiments revealed immunity induced by BA.1 infections is less against BA.4/5. Cell culture...
Abstract In late 2023, a lineage of SARS-CoV-2 emerged and was named the BA.2.86 variant. is phylogenetically distinct from other Omicron sublineages identified so far, displaying an accumulation over 30 amino acid mutations in its spike protein. Here, we performed multiscale investigations to reveal virological characteristics Our epidemic dynamics modeling suggested that relative reproduction number significantly higher than EG.5.1. Experimental studies showed four clinically-available...
Abstract In middle to late 2023, a sublineage of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Omicron XBB, EG.5.1 (a progeny XBB.1.9.2), is spreading rapidly around the world. We performed multiscale investigations, including phylogenetic analysis, epidemic dynamics modeling, infection experiments using pseudoviruses, clinical isolates, and recombinant viruses in cell cultures experimental animals, use human sera antiviral compounds, reveal virological features newly emerging...
Introduction The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein is essential in mediating membrane fusion of the virus with target cells. Several reports demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 S fusogenicity reportedly closely associated intrinsic pathogenicity determined using hamster models. However, association between and other virological parameters remains elusive. Methods In this study, we investigated (e.g., S1/S2 cleavage efficiency, plaque size, pseudoviral...
The persistence of latent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been considered one the major obstacles for eradication in infected individuals receiving successful antiretroviral therapy. To determine contribution integration sites to viral latency within clinical settings, an inverse polymerase chain reaction method was used analyze CD4+ T cells from patients showing long-term undetectable plasma RNA. Of 457 identified 7 patients, almost all (96%) resided transcriptional units,...