A5083721136- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Organometallic Compounds Synthesis and Characterization
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Health, Medicine and Society
- Ear Surgery and Otitis Media
- Nephrotoxicity and Medicinal Plants
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
David Yellin College of Education
2025
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
2022-2024
American Sentinel University
2024
Médecins Sans Frontières
2017-2023
Médecins Sans Frontières
2017-2021
AIDS Vancouver
2015
Bedaquiline is a life-saving tuberculosis drug undergoing global scale-up. People at risk of weak regimens are priority for novel access despite the potential source Mycobacterium tuberculosis-resistant strains. We aimed to characterise bedaquiline resistance in individuals who had sustained culture positivity during bedaquiline-based treatment.
Experimental data show that drug-resistance-conferring mutations are often associated with a decrease in the replicative fitness of bacteria vitro, and this cost can be mitigated by compensatory mutations; however, role evolution clinical settings is less clear. We assessed whether was increased transmission rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa.
Experience with delamanid (Dlm) is limited, particularly among HIV-positive individuals. We describe early efficacy and safety data from a programmatic setting in South Africa. This was retrospective cohort study of patients receiving Dlm-containing treatment regimens between November 2015 August 2017. report 12-month interim outcomes, sputum culture conversion (SCC) by months 2 6, serious adverse events (SAEs) QT intervals corrected using the Frederica formula (QTcF). Overall, 103 were...
Treatment of multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB), although improved in recent years with shorter, more tolerable regimens, remains largely standardized and based on limited drug susceptibility testing (DST). More individualized treatment expanded DST access is likely to improve patient outcomes.
There is limited research investigating the possible mechanisms of how starting combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) at a higher CD4 cell count decreases mortality. This study investigated association between initiating cART with short-term and long-term achievement viral suppression; emergence any drug resistance an AIDS-defining illness (ADI); treatment adherence; all-cause mortality.This retrospective cohort included 4120 naive patients who initiated 2000 2012. Patients were followed...
Worldwide uptake of new drugs in the treatment rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) has been extremely low. In June 2018, ahead release updated WHO guidelines for management RR-TB, South Africa announced that bedaquiline (BDQ) would be provided to virtually all RR-TB patients on shorter or longer regimens. global leader accessing BDQ with who now represent 60% cohort. The use within a modified regimen generated programmatic data underpinning most recent change endorsing shorter,...
Limited data exist on the use of bedaquiline and delamanid in adolescents with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB). We describe RR-TB treatment (10-19 years) injectable-free regimens containing these drugs Khayelitsha, South Africa.This retrospective study included initiating and/or from February 2015 to June 2018. report adverse events (AEs) interest, sputum culture conversion (SCC), final end-of-treatment outcomes.Twenty-two patients were included; median age at initiation was 17...
COVID-19, the clinical syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2, has a tremendous burden of global morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 is predicted to have devastating impact on other infections, most notably tuberculosis.1Reid MJA Silva S Arinaminpathy N Goosby E Building tuberculosis-free world while responding pandemic.Lancet. 2020; 396: 1312-1313Summary Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (14) Google Scholar Steep declines in tuberculosis diagnoses are lead an excess six million people becoming ill with next...
BackgroundSouth Africa has a high burden of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (including multidrug-resistant [MDR] tuberculosis), with increasing rifampicin-monoresistant (RMR) over time. Resistance acquisition during first-line treatment could be key contributor to this burden, and HIV might increase the risk acquiring rifampicin resistance. We assessed whether previous was associated RMR resistance among retrospective cohort patients MDR or tuberculosis.MethodsIn study, we included all...
"Making the Case for All-Oral, Shorter Regimens Children with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
BACKGROUND: Data suggest that treatment with newer TB drugs (linezolid [LZD], bedaquiline [BDQ] and delamanid [DLM]), used in Khayelitsha, South Africa, since 2012, reduces mortality due to rifampicin-resistant (RR-TB). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study assess 6-month among RR-TB patients diagnosed between 2008 2019. RESULTS: By 6 months, 236/2,008 (12%) died; 12% (78/651) those 2008–2011, respectively 8% (49/619) 15% (109/738) without LZD/BDQ/DLM 2012–2019. Multivariable...
SETTING: Patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in the township of Khayelitsha, South Africa, were offered delamanid (DLM) within a decentralised RR-TB treatment programme.OBJECTIVE: To describe adverse events (AEs) among HIV-positive and negative people receiving DLM for programmatic setting.DESIGN: followed up monthly blood, electrocardiography clinical monitoring AEs assessed severity grade, seriousness relationship to DLM.RESULTS: Fifty-eight patients (55% male; median...
Rapid diagnostics, newer drugs, repurposed medications, and shorter regimens have radically altered the landscape for treating rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB). There are multiple ongoing clinical trials aiming to build a robust evidence base guide RR/MDR-TB treatment, both observational studies programmatic data contributed advancing treatment field. In December 2019, WHO issued their second 'Rapid Communication´ related RR-TB management. This reiterated prior...
Children and adolescents with household exposure to multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) are at high risk of developing TB disease. Tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) is recommended, but programmatic experience limited, particularly for adolescents.We conducted a prospective cohort study describe MDR/RR-TB diagnosis TPT provision individuals aged <18 years exposure. Participants were assessed either in homes health facilities, referral chest x-ray specimen...
This brief report presents a series of 5 pregnant women treated for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis with the novel drugs bedaquiline, delamanid, and linezolid as part an optimized backbone regimen reviews outcomes children born to them. Although case is small, all had excellent birth suggesting should not be denied access therapies RR-TB.