A5071413131- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Vasculitis and related conditions
- Library Science and Administration
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Sinusitis and nasal conditions
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research
- Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care Units
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2014-2024
University of North Carolina Health Care
2016-2021
St Andrew's Healthcare
2020
University of Birmingham
2020
Lung Institute
2016-2017
Indiana University School of Medicine
2017
Pulmonary and Critical Care Associates
2014-2016
University of California, Santa Barbara
2014
Pulmonary Associates
2008
University of Glasgow
2005
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic bronchitic and emphysematous components. In one biophysical model, the concentration of mucin on airway surfaces hypothesized to be a key variable that controls mucus transport in healthy persons versus cessation with muco-obstructive lung diseases. Under this it postulated high produces sputum progression are characteristic bronchitis.We COPD status 917 participants from Subpopulations Intermediate Outcome Measures...
The pathogenesis of mucoinfective lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients likely involves poor mucus clearance. A recent model clearance predicts that flow depends on the relative mucin concentration layer compared with periciliary layer; however, concentrations have been difficult to measure CF secretions. Here, we shown sputum is low when measured by immunologically based techniques, and mass spectrometric analyses mucins revealed cleavage at antibody recognition sites. Using...
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure induces mucus obstruction and the development of chronic bronchitis (CB). While many these responses are determined genetically, little is known about effects CS can exert on pulmonary epithelia at protein level. We, therefore, tested hypothesis that exerts direct CFTR protein, which could impair airway hydration, leading to stasis characteristic both cystic fibrosis CB. In vivo in vitro studies demonstrated rapidly decreased activity, surface liquid (ASL)...
In human airways diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), host defense is compromised inflammation infection often result. Mucus clearance trapping of inhaled pathogens constitute key elements defense. Clearance rates are governed by mucus viscous elastic moduli at physiological driving frequencies, whereas transport trapped in layers diffusivity. There a clear need for simple effective clinical biomarkers that correlate with these...
To compare duration of mechanical ventilation for patients randomized to receive lorazepam by intermittent bolus administration vs. continuous infusions propofol using protocols that include scheduled daily interruption sedation.A open-label trial enrolling from October 2001 March 2004.Medical intensive care units two tertiary medical centers.Adult expected require >48 hrs and who required > or =10 mg a infusion sedative achieve adequate sedation.Patients were maintain Ramsay score 2-3....
Human tracheobronchial epithelial cells grown in air-liquid interface culture have emerged as a powerful tool for the study of airway biology. In this study, we investigated whether system produces “mucus” with protein composition similar to that vivo, induced secretions. Previous compositional studies mucous secretions greatly underrepresented contribution mucins, which are major structural components normal mucus. To overcome limitation, used mass spectrometry-based approach centered on...
Rationale: Chronic bronchitis (CB) is characterized by persistent cough and sputum production. Studies were performed to test whether mucus hyperconcentration increased partial osmotic pressure, in part caused abnormal purine nucleotide regulation of ion transport, contribute the pathogenesis CB.Objectives: We tested hypothesis that CB hyperconcentration, pressures, reduced clearance.Methods: measured subjects with as compared normal asymptomatic smoking control indices concentration...
The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is responsible for Na + and fluid absorption across colon, kidney, airway epithelia. Short palate lung nasal clone 1 (SPLUNC1) a secreted, innate defense protein an autocrine inhibitor of ENaC that highly expressed in While SPLUNC1 has bactericidal permeability-increasing (BPI)-type structure, its NH 2 -terminal region lacks structure. Here we found 18 amino acid peptide, S18, which corresponded to residues G22-A39 the terminus inhibited activity similar...
Rationale: Asthma has been reported to be more prevalent among Hispanics of Puerto Rican heritage than other and born in the United States or who immigrated as children those came adults; however, direct comparisons across Hispanic groups are lacking.Objectives: To test whether asthma is groups, associated with age immigration, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease varies by a large, population-based cohort States.Methods: The Community Health Study/Study Latinos researchers recruited...
The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 43-item short form (PROMIS-43) and the five-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L) are recently developed measures of health-related quality life (HRQL) that have potentially broad application in evaluating treatments capturing burden respiratory-related diseases. aims this study were: (1) to examine their psychometric properties patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), (2) identify dimensions HRQL differ do not by lung...
Clinical trials in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usually require evidence of airflow obstruction and clinical risk factors. International Classification Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnosis codes or patient-reported physician diagnoses are often used for epidemiologic studies performance improvement programs.To evaluate agreement between these case definitions COPD to assess the comparability study populations identified as having not using trial reference standard.We...
Rationale: One in 12 adults has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma. Acute exacerbations of these lower respiratory diseases (CLRDs) are a major cause morbidity and mortality. Valid approaches to classifying cases the general population needed facilitate prevention research.Objectives: To assess feasibility, reproducibility, performance protocol identify CLRD triggering emergency department (ED) visits hospitalizations cohorts patients derived from populations adults.Methods: A...
Mucus dehydration and impaired mucus clearance are common features of cystic fibrosis (CF) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In CF, inhaled hypertonic saline (HS) improves lung function produces sustained increases in mucociliary (MCC). We hypothesised that administration HS (7% NaCl) twice daily for 2 weeks would improve clinical outcomes produce MCC COPD subjects with a bronchitis (CB) phenotype.Twenty-two CB completed double-blinded, crossover study comparing to hypotonic...
Rationale: Smoking cessation is the most important intervention for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What leads smokers COPD to quit smoking remains unknown.Objectives: We sought examine association between respiratory symptoms and other markers of severity intention among a cohort probable COPD.Methods: conducted cross-sectional study subjects or fixed airflow obstruction clinically diagnosed on basis function testing. The were identified in Outcomes-based Network...
Identifying factors influencing peak inspiratory flow (PIF) is essential for aerosol drug delivery in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. While a minimum PIF dry powder inhalers (DPIs) established, acute bronchodilator (BD) effects on remain unknown.
Few data have been published regarding scoring tools for selection of postgraduate medical trainee candidates that wide applicability.The authors present a novel tool developed to assist programs in generating an institution-specific rank list derived from selected elements the U.S. Electronic Residency Application System (ERAS) application.The and validated ERAS interview day at five pulmonary critical care fellowship programs: Scoring Tool-Interview Tool. This was then tested intrarater...