Hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates have been classified in eight genotypes, A to H, which exhibit distinct geographical distributions. Genotypes A, D and F are predominant Brazil, a country formed by miscegenated population, where the proportion of individuals from Caucasian, Amerindian African origins varies region. Genotype F, is most divergent, considered indigenous Americas. systematic molecular characterization HBV different parts world would be invaluable establishing evolutionary...

A recent report has described the molecular cloning and characterization of a novel, single-stranded DNA virus, named TT virus (TTV), which was present in sera Japanese patients with posttransfusion hepatitis unknown etiology [Okamoto et al. (1998) Hepatology Research 10:1-16]. Using nested polymerase chain reaction assay, from Brazilian acute non A-C blood donors were examined for presence TTV sequences. Thirty-seven 52 (71%) 45 72 (62%) found to have sequences their sera. Such high...

Hemodialysis patients are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. A survey was conducted in the hemodialysis population of state Goiás, Central Brazil, aiming to assess prevalence HBV infection, analyse associated factors, and also investigate genotypes distribution. total 1095 were interviewed 15 dialysis units. Serum samples screened serological markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hepatitis surface antigen (HBsAg) positive tested DNA polymerase chain reaction...

Abstract Background Lamivudine is an oral nucleoside analogue widely used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. The main limitation lamivudine use selection resistant mutations that increases with time utilization. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates have been classified into eight genotypes (A to H) distinct geographical distributions. HBV may also influence pathogenic properties and therapeutic features. Here, we analyzed genotype distribution nature frequency among 36 patients submitted...

Patients undergoing hemodialysis are at risk of infection with both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C (HCV). Occult HBV is usually associated low levels frequently detected in HCV-infected patients. The aims the present study were to compare prevalence occult among anti-HCV-positive anti-HCV-negative patients hemodialysis, characterize molecular patterns isolates from infection.Serum samples 100 negative for surface antigen half whom positive anti-HCV antibodies, tested presence HBV-DNA using...

TT virus (TTV) is an unenveloped, single-stranded DNA that was discovered recently in the sera of Japanese patients with posttransfusion hepatitis unknown etiology. A high prevalence TTV infection blood donors several countries, including Brazil, has been demonstrated. To study variation between different age groups, from 223 individuals without liver disease, aged 0–80 years, were tested by polymerase chain reaction for presence DNA. All subjects inhabitants city Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The...

Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are more vulnerable to blood-borne infections and/or sexually-transmitted (STI). This study was conducted estimate the prevalences of mono and co-infections HIV-1 other blood-borne/STIs in a sample MSM Campinas, Brazil. Methods Responding Driven Sampling (RDS) used for recruitment MSM. Serum samples collected from 558 were analyzed presence serological markers HIV-1, HBV, HCV, HTLV, HPV-16/18, T. pallidum infections. Results The highest infection...

Objetivos: descrever importância da triagem e controle glicêmico em mulheres com diabetes gestacional. Metodologia: Uma revisão integrativa literatura, que utilizou a estratégia PICO, que, população (P) são gestantes ou puérperas; interesse (I) é Avaliação de puérperas gestacional; contexto (Co) descrição Resultados: Foi utilizada como base dados Biblioteca Virtual Saúde (BVS), se obteve 361 artigos, desse total foram utilizados 4 na discussão pesquisa. Discussão: Na foi criado uma...

The prevalence and genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have distinct geographical distribution. In Brazil, some African-descendants been maintained as small isolated communities since the slavery period. this study, HBV infection among these African origin was examined. Individuals (1,058) living in 12 were interviewed serum samples screened for presence markers. HBsAg-positive sera tested DNA by PCR positive genotyped restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). overall 19.8% (95% CI:...

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes have been classified into six groups, A–F, group F being the most divergent. South America has provided smallest number of strains studied at genome level. The only HBV strain from this region sequenced completely in F, and contains divergent presently known [Naumann et al. (1983): Journal General Virology 74:1627–1632]. To evaluate genetic relatedness between isolated rest world, a restriction endonuclease analysis was carried out on 14 (4 adw 2, 3...

Brazil is a country of low hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity in which the genotype A HBV (HBV/A) most prevalent. The complete nucleotide sequences 26 HBV/A isolates, originating from eight Brazilian states, were determined. All adw2. Twenty-three belonged to subgenotype A1 and three A2. By phylogenetic analysis, it was shown that all 23 HBV/A1 isolates clustered together with Bangladesh, India, Japan, Nepal, Philippines United Arab Emirates, but not those Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, South...

Aim: To determine the prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a group human immunodeficiency (HIV)‐infected Brazilian patients and to investigate its association with biochemical, virological molecular features. Methods: Sera from 43 positive for HBV core antibody negative surface antigen (HBsAg) were tested DNA positivity by semi‐nested PCR. loads assessed real‐time S gene was cloned sequenced isolates 3 patients. HBsAg expression these cases performed HuH7 cells. Results:...

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype F (HBV/F) is considered to be indigenous the Americas, but its emergence and spread in continent remain unknown. Previously, only two HBV/F complete genome sequences from Brazil were available, limiting contribution of Brazilian isolates phylogenetic studies HBV/F. The present study was carried out assess proportion geographic distributions subgenotypes Brazil, determine full-length genomic different regions, investigate detailed...

A survey was conducted in the hemodialysis population of state Tocantins, Brazil, aiming to assess prevalence hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C (HCV) infections, analyze associated risk factors, also investigate these viruses genotypes distribution. During January March 2001, all patients (n = 100) were interviewed at unique dialysis unit Tocantins. Blood samples collected serum screened for HBV serological markers. Hepatitis surface antigen positive tested DNA. All anti-HCV antibodies HCV RNA....

Abstract A serological and molecular study of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was carried out in dialysis units Central Brazil. Between 1995 1999, serum samples from all HBsAg‐positive hemodialysis patients ( n = 43) were tested for HBeAg/anti‐HBe subtyping by monoclonal ELISA. HBV DNA detected PCR positive genotyped restriction fragment polymorphism pattern (RFLP) methodology. TheHBsAg prevalence declined this population during the survey period (12–5.8%). HBeAg anti‐HBe 23 (53.5%) 18...

Blood screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) is not universally performed donor selection in human milk banks. To evaluate the frequency of detection HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV-DNA colostrum HBV-infected nursing mothers before after Holder pasteurization. Forty-two concentrated breast samples were obtained within two postnatal weeks from 24 HBsAg-positive women (4 HBeAg-positive 20 HBeAg-negative, anti-HBe-positive) tested presence HBsAg pasteurization (30 min at 62.5 °C). Before...

An estimated 360 million people are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide. Among these, 65 live in Africa. Despite the high levels of Africa, HBV epidemiology is still poorly documented most African countries. In this work, epidemiological and molecular characteristics infection were evaluated among staff, visitors adult patients (n = 508) a public hospital Luanda, Angola. The overall prevalence core antibody (anti-HBc) surface antigen was 79.7% 15.1%, respectively. higher males...

This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and molecular epidemiological features of viral hepatitis A, B C in Kalunga population, which represents largest Afro-Brazilian isolated community. Among 878 individuals studied, overall anti-hepatitis A virus antibodies 80.9%, with a significant rise from 44.8% near 100% between first fourth decade life. Rates for surface antigen (HBsAg) antibody core (anti-HBc) 1.8% 35.4%, respectively, were found. Increasing age, male gender, illiteracy...