A5020651224- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Sex work and related issues
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Genital Health and Disease
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
University of the Witwatersrand
2016-2022
International Vaccine Institute
2021-2022
Office Of Health Economics
2020
National Health Laboratory Service
2017
Right to Care
2017
Helen Joseph Hospital
2017
Africa Health Research Institute
2016
Abstract Although many African countries have achieved high levels of HIV diagnosis, funding constraints necessitated greater focus on more efficient testing approaches. We compared the impact and cost-effectiveness several potential new strategies in South Africa, assessed prospects achieving UNAIDS target 95% HIV-positive adults diagnosed by 2030. developed a mathematical model to evaluate home-based testing, mobile assisted partner notification, schools workplaces, female sex workers...
Background The use of cost-effectiveness thresholds based on a country's income per capita has been criticized for not being relevant to decision making, in particular middle-income countries such as South Africa. recent African HIV Investment Case produced an alternative threshold prevention and treatment interventions estimates life years saved the committed budget. Methods We analysed optimal mix over baseline current programme under budget 2016–2018. calculated incremental ratio (ICER)...
In 2015 South Africa established a national cryptococcal antigenemia (CrAg) screening policy targeted at HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD4) counts <100 cells/ μl who are not yet on antiretroviral treatment (ART). Two strategies included in guidelines: reflex screening, where CrAg test is performed remnant blood samples from CD4 testing; and provider-initiated providers order after patient returns for results. The objective of this study was to compare costs effectiveness...
The STREAM trial's economic evaluation compared the health-system and participant costs of short long regimens for treating MDR-TB in Ethiopia South Africa.Before trial, median treatment duration was 20 months 22 Africa.Trial participants were randomly assigned a 2 : 1 ratio to or regimen, with randomization stratified by trial site presence human immunodeficiency virus infection. 11Data collected at two sites (i.e.
SETTING: In South Africa prior to 2016, the standard treatment regimen for multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) was 24 months long required daily injectable aminoglycoside (IA) during first 6 months. Recent evidence supports replacement of IA with well-tolerated oral bedaquiline (BDQ) a shortened 9–12 month regimen. DESIGN: Using Markov model, we analyzed 5-year budgetary impact cost per successful outcome four regimens: 1) long-course, 2) 3) short-course, 4)...
The WHO developed a generic ‘TB patient cost survey’ tool and standardized approach to assess the direct indirect costs of TB incurred by patients their households, estimate proportion experiencing catastrophic costs, measure impact interventions reduce costs. While is facility-based cross-sectional survey, this needs be adapted for longitudinal studies. A may overcome some limitations design economic burden more precisely. We describe process creating instrument its application Sequel...
Drug resistant-tuberculosis is a growing burden on the South African health care budget. In response National Department of Health implemented two important strategies in 2011; universal access to drug-sensitivity testing for rifampicin with Xpert MTB/RIF as first-line diagnostic test TB; and decentralization treatment RR/MDR-TB improve reduce costs treatment.Estimate by outcome decentralized multi-drug resistant tuberculosis under routine conditions. The study was set at an outpatient drug...
Cervical cancer incidence is significant in countries, such as South Africa, with high burdens of both HIV and human papillomavirus (HPV). largely preventable if dysplasia diagnosed treated early, but there debate regarding the best approaches for screening treatment, especially low-resource settings. Currently Africa provides Pap smears followed by colposcopic biopsy LEEP needed its public health facilities. We estimated costs cost-effectiveness two treating cervical intraepithelial...
Typhoid fever remains a significant health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, with incidence rates of >100 cases per 100,000 person-years observation. Despite the prequalification safe and effective typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV), some uncertainties remain around future demand. Real-life effectiveness data, which inform public programs on impact TCVs reducing typhoid-related mortality morbidity, from an African setting may help encourage introduction high-burden settings. Here, we describe...
Introduction Mozambique suffers from regular floods along its principal river basins and periodic cyclones that resulted in several cholera epidemics during the last decades. Cholera outbreaks recent 5 years affected particularly northern provinces of country including Nampula Niassa provinces. A pre-emptive oral vaccine (OCV) mass vaccination campaign was conducted Cuamba District, Province, feasibility, costs, coverage assessed. Methods WHO prequalified OCV (Euvichol-Plus), a killed...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the paediatric population is a significant contributor to death and disability worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, from TBI are still superseded by infectious disease. Mechanisms of differ region socioeconomics, but general, falls, road traffic collisions (RTCs), being 'struck by/against objects' non-accidental injuries (NAIs) responsible for most cases.To: (i) quantify burden terms demographics, causes severity; (ii) explore resource utilisation regarding...
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention option, but cost-effectiveness sensitive to implementation and program costs. Studies indicate that, in addition direct delivery cost, PrEP provision requires substantial demand creation client support encourage initiation persistence. We estimated the cost of providing Zambia through different models. Taking a guidelines-based approach for visits, labs drugs, we annual per five models: one focused on key populations...
Abstract 42 Background: Literature regarding the costs and cost-effectiveness of diagnosing breast disease globally, including cancer, has focused on mammographic screening in high-income settings. South Africa, a middle-income country, is currently crafting its first national cancer policy, information best practices for imaging services low- settings required. We undertook this work to estimate average cost per procedure patient diagnosis conditions by using large, public outpatient clinic...
Abstract Objectives South Africa recently updated its cervical cancer screening policy, which we used as a case study to compare the outcomes of different methods economic evaluation and their potential contributions decision making. Methods We applied three – cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), budget impact (BIA) multi-criteria (MCDA) six strategies for treatment pre-cancer lesions in HIV-positive women. Strategies included with visual inspection acetic acid (VIA); cytology, followed by...
Abstract Introduction Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective at preventing HIV infection, but PrEP cost-effectiveness sensitive to implementation and program costs. Preliminary studies indicate that, in addition direct delivery cost, provision requires substantial demand creation user support encourage initiation persistence. We estimated the cost of providing Zambia through different models. Methods Taking a guidelines-based approach for visits, labs drugs assuming fidelity expanded...