A5001414043- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Urinary and Genital Oncology Studies
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
University of Hawaii at Hilo
2012-2024
Medical University of Graz
2015-2021
University of Graz
2018
Institute of Molecular Biology
2016
University of Iowa Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
2012
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
2012
University of Iowa
2006-2012
The Royal Melbourne Hospital
2000
Deakin University
2000
To determine whether onset seizures after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) carry independent prognostic information and to investigate the risk factors for late SAH.Modern management of SAH, including early operation, has substantially reduced mortality. No study adequately assessed importance in a contemporary SAH cohort.The authors analyzed records initial CT scans 412 consecutive patients with aneurysmal or nonaneurysmal admitted Royal Melbourne Hospital from 1990 1996. Each patient an...
// Stefanie Schlager 1,2 , Nemanja Vujic 1 Melanie Korbelius Madalina Duta-Mare Juliane Dorow 3,4 Christina Leopold Silvia Rainer Martin Wegscheider Helga Reicher Uta Ceglarek Wolfgang Sattler 1,5 Branislav Radovic and Dagmar Kratky Institute of Molecular Biology Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Austria 2 Boehringer Ingelheim, Vienna, 3 Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry Diagnostics, Hospital Leipzig, Germany 4 LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, 5...
Interim results are provided from a large multicenter trial of combination bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) plus interferon (IFN) alfa-2b for BCG naive (BCG-N) and previous failure (BCG-F) cases superficial bladder cancer.A total 490 patients enrolled May 1999 to 2000 with median 24 months followup were analyzed. The BCG-N group (259) was treated 6-week induction course standard dose 50 million units IFN followed by 3, 3-week maintenance cycles reduced (1/3 1/10) at 9 15 after induction. BCG-F...
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) hydrolyses cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols (TG) within lysosomes to mobilise NEFA cholesterol. Since LAL-deficient (Lal (-/-) ) mice suffer from progressive loss of adipose tissue severe accumulation lipids in hepatic lysosomes, we hypothesised that LAL deficiency triggers alternative energy pathway(s).We studied metabolic adaptations Lal mice.Despite tissue, show enhanced glucose clearance during insulin tolerance tests have increased uptake...
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is the only known enzyme, which hydrolyzes cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols in lysosomes of multiple cells tissues. Here, we explored role LAL brown adipose tissue (BAT). LAL-deficient (Lal-/-) mice exhibit markedly reduced UCP1 expression BAT, modified BAT morphology with accumulation lysosomes, mitochondrial dysfunction, consequently leading to regular hypothermic events kept at room temperature. Cold exposure resulted lipid uptake into thereby...
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) hydrolyzes cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG) to generate fatty acids (FA) cholesterol. LAL deficiency (LAL-D) in both humans mice leads hepatomegaly, hypercholesterolemia, shortened life span. Despite its essential role lysosomal neutral lipid catabolism, the cell type-specific contribution of disease progression is still elusive. To investigate liver more detail exclude macrophages, we generated hepatocyte-specific LAL-deficient (Liv-Lipa-/-) fed...
Murine hepatic carboxylesterase 2c ( Ces2c ) and the presumed human ortholog 2 CES2 have been implicated in development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mice obese humans. These studies demonstrated that hydrolyzes triglycerides (TGs) hepatocytes. Interestingly, / is most abundantly expressed intestine, indicating a role intestinal TG metabolism. Here we show an important enzyme lipid metabolism mice. Intestine‐specific overexpression (Ces2c int provoked increased acid oxidation...
During autophagy, autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes to degrade damaged organelles and misfolded proteins. Breakdown products are released into the cytosol contribute energy metabolic building block supply, especially during starvation. Lipophagy has been defined as autophagy-mediated degradation of lipid droplets (LDs) by lysosomal acid lipase. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is major enzyme catalyzing initial step lipolysis hydrolyzing triglycerides (TGs) in cytosolic LDs. Consequently,...
Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) is a key enzyme in triacylglycerol (TG) biosynthesis. Here we show that genetic deficiency and pharmacological inhibition of DGAT1 mice alters cholesterol metabolism. Cholesterol absorption, as assessed by acute uptake, was significantly decreased the small intestine liver upon deficiency/inhibition. Ablation (I-DGAT1(-/-)) alone sufficient to cause these effects. Consequences I-DGAT1 phenocopy findings whole-body DGAT1(-/-) inhibitor-treated...
Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) play an increasing role in human nutrition. In the liver, one fraction is used for synthesis of MCFA-containing triacylglycerol (MCFA-TG), and rest oxidative energy production or ketogenesis. We investigated which enzymes catalyse MCFA-TG how inhibition acid (FA) oxidation influences metabolic fate MCFAs.FA metabolism was followed by time-resolved tracing alkyne-labelled FAs freshly isolated mouse hepatocytes. Quantitative data were obtained mass spectrometry...
The β-lactam cholesterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe is so far the only representative of this class compounds on market today. goal work was to synthesize new amide analogs from trans-3-amino-(3R,4R)-β-lactam and test their cytotoxicity activity as inhibitors. We synthesized six analogs. All exhibited low toxicity in MDCKIIwt, hNPC1L1/MDCKII HepG2 cell lines showed significant inhibition uptake cells. In addition, we determined three inhibit vivo. Our results demonstrate that these...
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is the sole enzyme known to be responsible for hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides at an acidic pH in lysosomes, resulting release unesterified cholesterol free fatty acids. However, role LAL diet-induced adaptations largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that feeding a Western-type diet Lal-deficient (LAL-KO) mice triggers metabolic reprogramming modulates gut-liver homeostasis. Induction ileal fibroblast growth factor 15 (three-fold),...
Abstract Invasive species are a leading driver of global change, with consequences for biodiversity and society. Because extraordinary rates endemism, introduction, extinction, Hawaii offers rich platform exploring the cross-disciplinary challenges managing invasive in dynamic world. We highlight key successes shortcomings to share lessons learned inspire innovation action beyond archipelago. then discuss thematic opportunities broad relevance invaded ecosystems human communities. Important...
During inflammation, activated leukocytes release cytotoxic mediators that compromise blood–brain barrier (BBB) function. Under inflammatory conditions, myeloperoxidase (MPO) is critically involved in inflicting BBB damage. We used genetic and pharmacological approaches to investigate whether MPO induces aberrant lipid homeostasis at the a murine endotoxemia model. To corroborate findings human system we studied impact of sera from sepsis non-sepsis patients on brain endothelial cells...
The effective management of at-risk species often requires fine-scale actions by natural resource managers. However, balancing these with concurrent land uses is challenging, particularly when compounded the interplay climate shifts, and escalating wildland–urban interface conflicts. We used spatial prioritization tools designed for biodiversity conservation to help managers on Island Lānaʻi prioritize mutually exclusive use objectives: endangered recovery subsistence recreational hunting....
Monosomal karyotype (MK) is defined as the presence of two or more autosomal monosomies a single monosomy associated with structural abnormality. It was first described high-risk cytogenetic abnormality for acute myeloid leukemia and recently in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, allotransplant outcome MDS MK has not been described.We retrospectively reviewed data 79 patients who underwent at University Iowa from 1990 to 2009. We recorded patients' data, clinical characteristics...
We used visual observations of banded individuals and satellite telemetry from 2007 to 2011 on Hawai‘i Island document movement patterns the Hawaiian Goose (Branta sandvicensis), commonly known as Nēnē. Visual numbered leg bands identified >19% ≤10% 323 geese at one two breeding sites distant non-breeding areas during 2007–2011. 10 male Nēnē 2009 2011, log-linear models quantify magnitude individual differences in altitudinal migration. Two subpopulations moved 974.4 m (95% CI ± 22.0) 226.4...
After a severe population reduction during the mid-20th century, endangered Hawaiian Goose (Branta sandvicensis), or Nēnē, has only recently re-established its seasonal movement patterns on Hawai‘i Island. Little is currently understood about movements and habitat use nonbreeding season. The objectives of this research were to identify habitats preferred by two subpopulations Nēnē how preferences shift seasonally at both meso-and fine scales. From 2009 2011, ten ganders outfitted with 40-to...
Monoglyceride lipase (MGL) hydrolyzes monoglycerides (MGs) to glycerol and fatty acids. Among various MG species MGL also degrades 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), the most abundant endocannabinoid potent activator of cannabinoid receptors (CBR) 1 2. MGL-knockout (-/-) mice exhibit pronounced 2-AG accumulation, but lack central cannabimimetic effects due CB1R desensitization. We have previously shown that affects plaque stability in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-/- mice, an established animal model...
Abstract: We outfitted six male Hawaiian geese, or nene ( Branta sandvicensis ), with 45-g solar-powered satellite transmitters and collected four location coordinates d −1 from 2010 to 2012. used 6193 characterize migration corridors, habitat preferences temporal patterns of displacement for 16 events Brownian bridge utilization distributions (BBUD). 1552 stopovers 37 shorter-distance movement 25% BBUDs. Two subpopulations a well-defined common corridor spanning broad gradient elevation....
European mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon), the world's smallest wild sheep, have proliferated and degraded fragile native ecosystems in Hawaiian Islands through browsing, bark stripping, trampling, including forests within Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park (HAVO). HAVO resource managers initiated ungulate control efforts 469 km2 Kahuku Unit after it was acquired 2003. We tracked effort used aerial surveys a 64.7 area from 2004 to 2017 more intensive ground camera-trap monitoring detect last...